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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Liver transplantation from living donors is a legal procedure in Turkey&#46; The patient&#39;s spouse and relatives within the fourth degree of consanguinity or affinity can be donors&#46; During the surgery&#44; about 40-60&#37; of the donor&#39;s liver is removed&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 38-year-old female liver donor candidate was referred to our cardiology clinic for preoperative evaluation&#46; The patient had no symptoms&#46; On physical examination&#44; a grade 2&#47;6 early diastolic murmur was heard at the third left sternal intercostal space&#46; Her blood pressure was 140&#47;70 mmHg&#46; Transthoracic echocardiography revealed moderate aortic regurgitation &#40;AR&#41; with the suspicion of quadricuspid aortic valve &#40;QAV&#41;&#46; Left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters were 5&#46;6 cm and 4&#46;0 cm&#44; respectively&#46; Ejection fraction was normal&#46; Transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of QAV with four equal cusps &#40;Type A&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0005">Figures 1 and 2</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0040">Video 1</a>&#41; with moderate AR &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>&#41;&#46; The patient was removed from the donor list with a suggestion for regular outpatient cardiology clinic visits&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quadricuspid aortic valve is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly that is mostly diagnosed incidentally&#46; AR usually develops due to fibrosis and incomplete coaptation of the leaflets caused by unequal shear stress&#46; Stenosis can occur but is rare&#46; The risk of infective endocarditis is unknown but there have been documented cases in the literature&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Consequently&#44; if there is unexplained AR&#44; congenital valve anomalies including QAV should be considered as a possible cause&#46;</p><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no experiments were performed on humans or animals for this study&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appear in this article&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appear in this article&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Image in Cardiology
Unexpected diagnosis in a liver donor candidate
Diagnóstico inesperado num candidato a dador de fígado
Betul Cengiza, Sukru Taylan Sahina, Selen Yurdakula, Ismail Polat Canbolata, Saide Aytekinb,
Autor para correspondência
saideaytekin@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
b Department of Cardiology, Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Liver transplantation from living donors is a legal procedure in Turkey&#46; The patient&#39;s spouse and relatives within the fourth degree of consanguinity or affinity can be donors&#46; During the surgery&#44; about 40-60&#37; of the donor&#39;s liver is removed&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 38-year-old female liver donor candidate was referred to our cardiology clinic for preoperative evaluation&#46; The patient had no symptoms&#46; On physical examination&#44; a grade 2&#47;6 early diastolic murmur was heard at the third left sternal intercostal space&#46; Her blood pressure was 140&#47;70 mmHg&#46; Transthoracic echocardiography revealed moderate aortic regurgitation &#40;AR&#41; with the suspicion of quadricuspid aortic valve &#40;QAV&#41;&#46; Left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters were 5&#46;6 cm and 4&#46;0 cm&#44; respectively&#46; Ejection fraction was normal&#46; Transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of QAV with four equal cusps &#40;Type A&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0005">Figures 1 and 2</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0040">Video 1</a>&#41; with moderate AR &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>&#41;&#46; The patient was removed from the donor list with a suggestion for regular outpatient cardiology clinic visits&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quadricuspid aortic valve is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly that is mostly diagnosed incidentally&#46; AR usually develops due to fibrosis and incomplete coaptation of the leaflets caused by unequal shear stress&#46; Stenosis can occur but is rare&#46; The risk of infective endocarditis is unknown but there have been documented cases in the literature&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Consequently&#44; if there is unexplained AR&#44; congenital valve anomalies including QAV should be considered as a possible cause&#46;</p><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no experiments were performed on humans or animals for this study&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appear in this article&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appear in this article&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Informação do artigo
ISSN: 08702551
Idioma original: Inglês
DOI:10.1016/j.repc.2015.12.013
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