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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Introdu&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A hipertens&#227;o pulmonar &#40;HP&#41; compreende um grupo de doen&#231;as progressivas caracterizadas por aumento da resist&#234;ncia vascular pulmonar&#44; que conduzem a fal&#234;ncia ventricular direita e morte prematura&#46; Diversos processos patol&#243;gicos est&#227;o envolvidos na progress&#227;o da insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca &#40;IC&#41; secund&#225;ria a HP&#44; com destaque para a les&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica&#44; remodelagem vascular e ativa&#231;&#227;o neurohormonal resultantes da sobrecarga de press&#227;o das c&#226;maras card&#237;acas direitas&#46; Na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#44; a estratifica&#231;&#227;o de risco &#233; fundamental para a avalia&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica e orienta&#231;&#227;o terap&#234;utica&#44; nomeadamente para o manejo e titula&#231;&#227;o das novas terap&#234;uticas vasodilatadoras&#46; Usualmente&#44; &#233; baseada na avalia&#231;&#227;o da capacidade de exerc&#237;cio&#44; ecocardiografia e avalia&#231;&#227;o hemodin&#226;mica por cateterismo card&#237;aco<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; a utiliza&#231;&#227;o generalizada de muitos destes par&#226;metros &#233; limitada&#44; devido ao seu car&#225;cter subjetivo&#44; depend&#234;ncia do operador ou natureza invasiva&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nos &#250;ltimos anos&#44; tem sido investigado o valor progn&#243;stico de in&#250;meros biomarcadores na HP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#44; j&#225; que os mesmos poder&#227;o facultar um m&#233;todo eficiente e n&#227;o&#8208;invasivo de estratifica&#231;&#227;o e monitoriza&#231;&#227;o&#46; De acordo com as normas de orienta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica internacionais&#44; apenas a determina&#231;&#227;o do p&#233;ptido natriur&#233;tico cerebral &#40;ou a sua por&#231;&#227;o N&#8208;terminal &#91;NT&#8208;proBNP&#93;&#41; se encontra recomendada para a pr&#225;tica quotidiana<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; No entanto&#44; s&#227;o reconhecidas as limita&#231;&#245;es da sua acuidade para efeitos de estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica&#44; particularmente quando coexista doen&#231;a card&#237;aca esquerda ou disfun&#231;&#227;o renal&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; diversos estudos cl&#237;nicos t&#234;m sugerido que a eleva&#231;&#227;o substancial dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP ocorre muito tardiamente&#44; numa fase de marcada dilata&#231;&#227;o ventricular e em que o reajuste terap&#234;utico pode j&#225; n&#227;o ser suficientemente efetivo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Reflexo da complexidade dos mecanismos subjacentes &#224; HP tem sido investigada a utilidade adicional de uma abordagem multibiomarcadores&#46; A investiga&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica tem sido fundamentalmente centrada na estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica dos doentes com IC esquerda e os biomarcadores considerados mais promissores t&#234;m vindo a ser subsequentemente testados em pequenos grupos de doentes com IC direita no contexto de HP&#44; o que tem limitado a validade dos resultados&#46; V&#225;rios dos biomarcadores investigados no &#226;mbito da IC esquerda refletem processos biol&#243;gicos cuja relev&#226;ncia poder&#225; ser ainda maior na progress&#227;o da HP&#44; com destaque para os marcadores de remodelagem vascular pulmonar &#40;disfun&#231;&#227;o endotelial&#44; trombose <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in situ</span> e stresse oxidativo&#41; e de sobrecarga ventricular direita&#46; Por isso&#44; a sua investiga&#231;&#227;o &#233; premente&#46; Entre esses biomarcadores destacam&#8208;se o recetor sol&#250;vel da interleucina&#8208;33 &#40;sST2&#41;&#44; a renina plasm&#225;tica&#44; a adrenomedulina e a endotelina&#8208;1 &#40;ET&#8208;1&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O sST2 &#233; um biomarcador com efeitos pluripotenciais <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in vivo</span>&#44; cuja express&#227;o &#233; estimulada pela deforma&#231;&#227;o mec&#226;nica dos fibroblastos card&#237;acos e dos cardiomiocitos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46; Estudos recentes documentaram o aumento da sua concentra&#231;&#227;o s&#233;rica no contexto da IC aguda e sugerem correlacionar&#8208;se com processos de remodelagem e fibrose no contexto de IC cr&#243;nica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; o seu valor progn&#243;stico na IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP permanece desconhecido&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">V&#225;rios estudos demonstraram que a hiperativa&#231;&#227;o cr&#243;nica do sistema renina&#8208;angiotensina&#8208;aldosterona &#40;SRAA&#41; em doentes com IC esquerda apresenta implica&#231;&#245;es progn&#243;sticas consider&#225;veis&#46; Contudo&#44; a sua relev&#226;ncia permanece incerta na IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP e o valor preditivo da renina plasm&#225;tica nunca foi estabelecido neste grupo de doentes&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A adrenomedulina&#44; um p&#233;ptido vasoativo com propriedades natriur&#233;ticas produzido em v&#225;rios tecidos do organismo&#44; tem sido consistentemente associada ao progn&#243;stico de doentes com IC esquerda<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; O seu papel na estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica de doentes com HP permanece por determinar&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A ET1 &#233; um potente vasoconstritor e constitui um alvo terap&#234;utico na hipertens&#227;o arterial pulmonar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#46; Os seus valores s&#233;ricos encontram&#8208;se aumentados em v&#225;rios estados de IC&#44; contudo s&#227;o necess&#225;rios estudos de seguimento alargado para avaliar o seu impacto progn&#243;stico&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente estudo&#44; pretendemos determinar o valor progn&#243;stico de um painel de novos biomarcadores e avaliar o benef&#237;cio da sua conjuga&#231;&#227;o num <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador para predi&#231;&#227;o de morbimortalidade por IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">M&#233;todos</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Desenho do estudo</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudo observacional prospetivo de doentes consecutivos admitidos na consulta multidisciplinar de HP com o diagn&#243;stico de HP&#44; confirmado por avalia&#231;&#227;o hemodin&#226;mica&#46; Os crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o na presente an&#225;lise compreenderam doentes com HP dos grupos I&#44; III&#44; IV e V &#40;classifica&#231;&#227;o de Nice&#44; 2013<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>&#41;&#44; clinicamente est&#225;veis nos &#250;ltimos dois meses e em classe funcional<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II da Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial de Sa&#250;de &#40;OMS&#41;&#46; Os crit&#233;rios de exclus&#227;o consistiram na presen&#231;a de HP secund&#225;ria a doen&#231;as do cora&#231;&#227;o esquerdo&#44; HP n&#227;o desproporcionada no contexto de patologia respirat&#243;ria cr&#243;nica&#44; hist&#243;ria de cirurgia ou traumatismo nos &#250;ltimos dois meses&#44; doen&#231;a neopl&#225;sica&#44; cirrose hep&#225;tica ou enfarte do mioc&#225;rdio pr&#233;vio&#46; A diferen&#231;a temporal entre o diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a ou institui&#231;&#227;o de terap&#234;utica espec&#237;fica e o momento de referencia&#231;&#227;o &#224; consulta multidisciplinar de HP&#44; correspondente &#224; inclus&#227;o no estudo&#44; n&#227;o constituiu crit&#233;rio de exclus&#227;o&#46; O desenho do estudo foi aprovado pela Comiss&#227;o de &#201;tica da institui&#231;&#227;o proponente e todos os participantes forneceram consentimento informado&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na avalia&#231;&#227;o basal&#44; os doentes foram submetidos a avalia&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica&#44; ecocardiogr&#225;fica e laboratorial&#44; que incluiu o doseamento de um painel de biomarcadores novos e convencionais&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Ensaios laboratoriais</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram obtidas amostras de soro e plasma &#40;EDTA&#41; a partir de veia antecubital&#44; ap&#243;s cinco minutos de repouso&#46; Determinaram&#8208;se o hemograma completo e concentra&#231;&#245;es s&#233;ricas de creatinina &#40;com determina&#231;&#227;o da taxa de filtra&#231;&#227;o glomerular &#91;TFG&#93; pela equa&#231;&#227;o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Modification of Diet in Renal Disease</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>&#41;&#44; s&#243;dio e ureia&#46; As al&#237;quotas de plasma foram armazenadas a &#8208;80<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>¿ C at&#233; &#224; subsequente determina&#231;&#227;o dos biomarcadores&#46; Os n&#237;veis de NT&#8208;proBNP foram determinados com fase s&#243;lida no ensaio imunom&#233;trico <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Immulite2000</span> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics</span>&#44; Breda&#44; Holanda&#41;&#44; dispon&#237;vel comercialmente e validado na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#46; A por&#231;&#227;o terminal da ET&#8208;1<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&#44; por&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dio&#8208;regional do p&#233;ptido natriur&#233;tico auricular<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> &#40;MR&#8208;proANP&#41;&#44; por&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dio&#8208;regional da pro&#8208;adrenomedulina<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> &#40;MR&#8208;proADM&#41;&#44; copeptina<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> e sST<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> foram medidas atrav&#233;s de ensaios de quimioluminesc&#234;ncia no sistema <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Kryptor</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">BRAHMS AG</span>&#59; Hennigsdorf&#44; Alemanha&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Ecocardiografia transtor&#225;cica</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Efetuou&#8208;se estudo ecocardiogr&#225;fico em aparelho <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">GE Vivid 7 Dimension</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span>&#44; incluindo avalia&#231;&#227;o convencional bidimensional&#44; modo&#8208;M&#44; Doppler e Doppler tecidular pulsado do anel lateral tric&#250;spide&#46; As imagens digitais foram analisadas em p&#243;s&#8208;processamento utilizando o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software EchoPAC Dimension</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">GE Healthcare</span>&#44; Milwaukee&#44; WI&#44; EUA&#41;&#44; com oculta&#231;&#227;o para a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos doentes&#46; A fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica do ventr&#237;culo direito &#40;VD&#41; foi avaliada pela fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea do VD&#44; excurs&#227;o sist&#243;lica do plano do anel tric&#250;spide &#40;TAPSE&#41; e velocidade sist&#243;lica de pico do anel lateral tric&#250;spide&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Seguimento cl&#237;nico</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os doentes foram avaliados presencialmente a cada 2&#8208;3 meses&#44; tendo sido registada a evolu&#231;&#227;o sintom&#225;tica&#44; necessidade de titula&#231;&#227;o terap&#234;utica e ocorr&#234;ncia de eventos cl&#237;nicos adversos&#44; incluindo hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca e &#243;bito&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Definiram&#8208;se como <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">endpoints</span> de an&#225;lise&#58; &#40;1&#41; ocorr&#234;ncia de &#243;bito por qualquer causa&#59; e &#40;2&#41; ocorr&#234;ncia de &#243;bito ou internamento hospitalar por agravamento da HP durante o tempo de seguimento&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As vari&#225;veis categoriais foram descritas pela sua frequ&#234;ncia absoluta e relativa e foram comparadas por testes de qui&#8208;quadrado e exato de Fisher&#46; As vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas com distribui&#231;&#227;o normal foram caracterizadas com a m&#233;dia e desvio&#8208;padr&#227;o&#44; e comparadas usando&#8208;se teste T de Student e ANOVA&#46; As vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas com distribui&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o normal foram descritas com a mediana e distribui&#231;&#227;o interquartil &#40;DIQ&#41;&#44; e comparadas com testes n&#227;o param&#233;tricos de Mann&#8208;Whitney e Kruskal&#8208;Wallis&#46; Atendendo &#224; distribui&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o normal exponencial do NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; os seus valores foram sujeitos a transforma&#231;&#227;o logar&#237;tmica previamente &#224; sua inclus&#227;o nas an&#225;lises de sobreviv&#234;ncia&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para determinar a associa&#231;&#227;o das diferentes vari&#225;veis ao risco de morte e de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca durante o seguimento a longo prazo&#44; utilizaram&#8208;se an&#225;lises de sobreviv&#234;ncia pelo m&#233;todo de Kaplan&#8208;Meier e de regress&#227;o de Cox uni e multivariadas&#46; As sobreviv&#234;ncias livres de eventos foram comparadas&#44; com determina&#231;&#227;o do valor de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">log rank</span> p&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">hazard ratio</span> &#40;HR&#41; e respetivos intervalos de confian&#231;a a 95&#37; &#40;IC95&#37;&#41;&#46; Para evitar sobrevaloriza&#231;&#227;o de associa&#231;&#245;es inespec&#237;ficas&#44; apenas foram inclu&#237;das nas an&#225;lises multivariadas aquelas vari&#225;veis com valor p inferior a 0&#44;10 determinado em an&#225;lise univariada&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; as an&#225;lises multivariadas foram efetuadas com o m&#233;todo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">stepwise forward conditional</span>&#44; com probabilidade de inclus&#227;o de 5&#37; e de remo&#231;&#227;o de 10&#37;&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A acuidade dos diferentes par&#226;metros para finalidade de estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica foi avaliada pela &#225;rea sob a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">receiver operator characteristic curve</span> &#40;AUC&#41;&#44; com determina&#231;&#227;o dos respetivos intervalos de confian&#231;a e valor p relativamente &#224; ocorr&#234;ncia de &#243;bito aos tr&#234;s anos&#44; e de &#243;bito ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca aos tr&#234;s anos&#46; Calculou&#8208;se um <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador&#44; determinado em cada doente a partir da distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2&#46; A acuidade progn&#243;stica do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador foi comparada com aquela referente aos diferentes biomarcadores e par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos individualmente considerados&#44; e avaliou&#8208;se o impacto progn&#243;stico da estratifica&#231;&#227;o com base no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador atrav&#233;s da distribui&#231;&#227;o da popula&#231;&#227;o por tercis&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Resultados</span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Caracteriza&#231;&#227;o da popula&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudaram&#8208;se 43 doentes&#44; 72&#44;1&#37; dos quais do sexo feminino &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>31&#41; e com idade mediana de 59 anos &#40;DIQ&#58; 43&#8208;67 anos&#41;&#46; Todos os doentes apresentavam manifesta&#231;&#245;es de IC aquando da avalia&#231;&#227;o inicial&#44; classificadas em classe OMS II e III em 74&#44;4&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>32&#41; e 25&#44;6&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41;&#44; respetivamente&#46; No que respeita &#224; classifica&#231;&#227;o etiol&#243;gica&#44; a maioria dos doentes &#40;65&#44;1&#37;&#59; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>28&#41; tinha hipertens&#227;o arterial pulmonar &#40;HAP&#41; do grupo 1 &#40;Nice&#44; 2013&#41;&#44; mais frequentemente em associa&#231;&#227;o a doen&#231;as do tecido conjuntivo &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41; ou a cardiopatias cong&#233;nitas &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#41;&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; 83&#44;7&#37; dos doentes &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>36&#41; encontravam&#8208;se j&#225; medicados com f&#225;rmacos vasodilatadores espec&#237;ficos&#44; com destaque para os inibidores da fosfodiesterase &#40;58&#44;1&#37;&#59; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>25&#41; e os antagonistas do recetor da ET &#40;55&#44;8&#37;&#59; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>24&#41;&#46; As caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas da popula&#231;&#227;o s&#227;o adicionalmente detalhadas na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Tabela 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os doentes foram submetidos a avalia&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica&#44; realizada numa mediana de oito dias &#40;DIQ&#58; 2&#8208;91&#41; ap&#243;s a avalia&#231;&#227;o laboratorial&#46; A caracteriza&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica &#233; detalhada na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Tabela 2</a>&#46; Destaca&#8208;se que 51&#44;2&#37; dos doentes &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>22&#41; apresentavam dilata&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita &#40;di&#226;metro basal<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>42<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; e que 86&#37; dos doentes &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>37&#41; exibiam pelo menos um par&#226;metro de disfun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica ventricular direita&#44; incluindo diminui&#231;&#227;o da fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea &#40;&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>35&#37;&#41; em 41&#44;9&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18&#41;&#44; redu&#231;&#227;o da TAPSE &#40;&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; em 34&#44;9&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15&#41; e diminui&#231;&#227;o da velocidade sist&#243;lica do anel tric&#250;spide lateral &#40;&#8804;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#47;s&#41; em 39&#44;5&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>17&#41;&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; observou&#8208;se dilata&#231;&#227;o auricular direita traduzida por di&#226;metro m&#225;ximo superior a 53<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm em 51&#44;2&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>22&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os par&#226;metros referentes &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o laboratorial s&#227;o detalhados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Tabela 3</a>&#46; Apesar de a disfun&#231;&#227;o renal ter sido muito prevalente&#44; o compromisso identificado foi de gravidade apenas ligeira &#40;TFG&#58; 60&#8208;89<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL&#47;min&#59; 24&#37;&#59; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>24&#41; ou moderada &#40;TFG&#58; 30&#8208;59<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL&#47;min&#59; 25&#44;6&#37;&#59; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41;&#46; Destaca&#8208;se que os doentes com dilata&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita exibiram n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos mais elevados de NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;1338<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL &#91;354&#8208;2275&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> &#91;236 111&#8208;1005&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;021&#41; e MR&#8208;proANP &#40;159&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL &#91;132&#44;6&#8208;287&#44;9&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 111&#44;1 &#91;66&#44;1&#8208;161&#44;9&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;032&#41;&#59; aqueles com diminui&#231;&#227;o da fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea do VD apresentaram NT&#8208;proBNP mais elevado &#40;1338<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL &#91;822&#44;0&#8208;2393&#44;5&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 236 &#91;186&#8208;1258&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;019&#41;&#59; e aqueles com dilata&#231;&#227;o da aur&#237;cula direita &#40;AD&#41; tinham concentra&#231;&#245;es s&#233;ricas aumentadas de NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;1522 &#91;825&#8208;2462&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 215 &#91;91&#8208;719&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#44; MR&#8208;proANP &#40;163&#44;5 &#91;152&#44;6&#8208;287&#44;9&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 94&#44;9 &#91;50&#44;8&#8208;127&#44;4&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; e sST2 &#40;62&#44;2 &#91;38&#44;3&#8208;77&#44;0&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 30&#44;1 &#91;24&#44;2&#8208;47&#44;9&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;015&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Durante um seguimento mediano de 34 meses &#40;30&#8208;38&#41;&#44; 26&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41; dos doentes faleceram e 35&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15&#41; foram hospitalizados por causa card&#237;aca&#46; A terap&#234;utica farmacol&#243;gica foi reajustada com institui&#231;&#227;o de inibidor da fosfodiesterase em nove doentes &#40;20&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; de antagonista do recetor da ET em 14 doentes &#40;32&#44;6&#37;&#41; e de prostan&#243;ides parent&#233;ricos em cinco doentes &#40;11&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#44; de tal forma que todos os doentes passaram a estar medicados com pelo menos um f&#225;rmaco vasodilatador espec&#237;fico&#46;</p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os doentes que faleceram durante o seguimento &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41; haviam apresentado&#44; aquando da avalia&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica inicial&#44; maior dilata&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo e aur&#237;cula direitos e menor fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea ventricular direita &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Tabela 4</a>&#46; Os diferentes par&#226;metros dimensionais ventriculares e auriculares&#44; bem como a menor fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea ventricular direita foram preditores relevantes do risco de mortalidade&#46; Entre os par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos&#44; os preditores independentes do risco de morte identificados por an&#225;lise multivariada de regress&#227;o log&#237;stica foram o di&#226;metro basal do VD &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;17&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;07&#8208;1&#44;27&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; e a fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea da AD &#40;HR&#58; 0&#44;87&#59; IC95&#37; 0&#44;79&#8208;0&#44;97&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;008&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Relativamente aos par&#226;metros laboratoriais&#44; detetaram&#8208;se n&#237;veis mais elevados de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina&#44; copeptina&#44; ET1&#44; MR&#8208;proADM e sST2 entre os doentes que faleceram durante o seguimento &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Tabela 4</a>&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; o risco de morte agravou&#8208;se com o decl&#237;nio da fun&#231;&#227;o renal&#46; Entre os diferentes biomarcadores estudados&#44; apenas o NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;log&#41; e a renina constitu&#237;ram preditores independentes de mortalidade&#44; com HR respetivamente de 31&#44;14 &#40;3&#44;12&#8208;310&#44;7&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41; e 1&#44;02 &#40;1&#44;005&#8208;1&#44;038&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;009&#41;&#46; O risco de morte durante o seguimento foi comparado em fun&#231;&#227;o da distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos dos biomarcadores &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figura 1</a>&#46; Comparativamente aos doentes inclu&#237;dos no 1&#46;&#176; e 2&#46;&#176; tercis&#44; aqueles com n&#237;veis mais elevados de NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1398<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&#41; apresentaram maior risco de morte &#40;HR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6&#44;16&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;63&#8208;23&#44;28&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;007&#41;&#44; tendo&#8208;se verificado o mesmo naqueles com n&#237;veis aumentados de renina &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#58; &#62; 36&#44;5 pg&#47;mL&#59; HR&#58; 6&#44;70&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;94&#8208;23&#44;21&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;003&#41; e de sST2 &#40;3&#46;&#8728; tercil&#58; &#62; 68&#44;6 ng&#47;mL&#59; HR&#58; 7&#44;85&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 2&#44;05&#8208;30&#44;05&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;003&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os doentes que evolu&#237;ram desfavoravelmente&#44; com &#243;bito ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18&#41;&#44; apresentaram igualmente par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos iniciais mais alterados no que respeita &#224;s dimens&#245;es e fun&#231;&#227;o das c&#226;maras direitas &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">Tabela 5</a>&#46; Entre os par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos&#44; o &#250;nico preditor independentes do risco de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca foi o di&#226;metro basal do VD &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;08&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;04&#8208;1&#44;12&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; os doentes que evolu&#237;ram desfavoravelmente exibiam tamb&#233;m aumento dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina&#44; copeptina&#44; ET1&#44; MR&#8208;proADM e sST2&#44; os quais foram identificados como preditores progn&#243;sticos significativos&#46; O risco de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o diferiu significativamente em fun&#231;&#227;o da TFG inicial&#46; Entre os biomarcadores avaliados&#44; constitu&#237;ram preditores independentes do risco de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o o MR&#8208;proANP &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;008&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;004&#8208;1&#44;011&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; e o sST2 &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;005&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;001&#8208;1&#44;009&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;04&#41;&#46; A sobreviv&#234;ncia livre de eventos foi comparada em fun&#231;&#227;o da distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de biomarcadores &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figura 2</a>&#46; Comparativamente aos doentes inclu&#237;dos no 1&#46;&#176; e 2&#46;&#176; tercis&#44; o risco de eventos adversos foi tr&#234;s vezes maior naqueles com n&#237;veis mais elevados de NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1398<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&#59; HR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;72&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;43&#8208;9&#44;70&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;007&#41; e cerca de seis vezes maior naqueles com sST2 aumentado &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>68&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL&#59; HR&#58; 5&#44;77&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 2&#44;16&#8208;15&#44;39&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Abordagem multibiomarcador na estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica</span><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As an&#225;lises de estratifica&#231;&#227;o sugeriram que o impacto progn&#243;stico dos diferentes biomarcadores n&#227;o s&#243; &#233; distinto&#44; como o perfil temporal dos eventos que prenunciam e o tipo de eventos a que se associam &#40;mortalilidade <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> morbimortalidade&#41; os distinguem&#46; Assim&#44; enquanto o NT&#8208;proBNP e a renina exibiram associa&#231;&#227;o predominante &#224; mortalidade&#44; o MR&#8208;proANP e a sST2 mais fortemente se correlacionaram com a morbimortalidade&#46; Por isso&#44; consider&#225;mos a possibilidade de a conjuga&#231;&#227;o destes biomarcadores proporcionar valor incremental na acuidade da estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica&#46;</p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para testar esta hip&#243;tese&#44; desenvolvemos um <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> de estratifica&#231;&#227;o tendo por base a distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2&#44; cujas pontua&#231;&#245;es foram ajustadas de acordo com os HR na predi&#231;&#227;o quer de mortalidade&#44; quer de morte &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0030">Tabela 6</a>&#46; A pontua&#231;&#227;o total corresponde ao somat&#243;rio das pontua&#231;&#245;es referentes aos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de cada um dos biomarcadores e varia entre 0&#8208;10&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0030"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A acuidade do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador para predi&#231;&#227;o de eventos dentro de tr&#234;s anos foi muito elevada&#44; seja no que respeita &#224; mortalidade &#40;AUC&#58; 0&#44;94<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;04&#59; IC95&#37; 0&#44;85&#8208;1&#44;00&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#44; seja no que concerne &#224; ocorr&#234;ncia de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca &#40;AUC&#58; 0&#44;86<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;08&#59; IC95&#37; 0&#44;70&#8208;1&#44;00&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a sua acuidade de estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica foi superior &#224; dos biomarcadores que o integram individualmente &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figura 3</a>&#41; e tamb&#233;m superior &#224; dos v&#225;rios par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Figura 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tendo por base a distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador distinguiram&#8208;se tr&#234;s grupos de doentes com progn&#243;stico aos tr&#234;s anos claramente distinto &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">log rank</span> Mantel&#8208;Cox p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#58; os doentes com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> inferior a 3&#44; de baixo risco&#44; sem eventos fatais aos tr&#234;s anos e com taxa cumulativa de morte ou internamento de 11&#44;1&#37;&#59; os doentes com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> compreendido entre 3&#8208;7&#44; de risco interm&#233;dio&#44; com taxa de mortalidade aos tr&#234;s anos de 16&#44;7&#37; e taxa de cumulativa de morte ou internamento de 25&#37;&#59; e os doentes com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> superior a 7&#44; de alto risco&#44; cuja mortalidade aos tr&#234;s anos atingiu 77&#44;8&#37; e cuja taxa de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca foi de 87&#44;5&#37; &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0025">Figura 5</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0025"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Neste estudo prospetivo&#44; avali&#225;mos a acuidade progn&#243;stica de novos biomarcadores &#40;MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina&#44; copeptina&#44; ET1&#44; MR&#8208;proADM e sST2&#41; numa popula&#231;&#227;o de doentes com IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP e compar&#225;mo&#8208;la com par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos bem estabelecidos&#46; Confirm&#225;mos o valor progn&#243;stico do NT&#8208;proBNP e demonstr&#225;mos&#44; pela primeira vez&#44; que a avalia&#231;&#227;o conjugada dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2 sintetizada num <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador&#44; apresenta utilidade adicional&#46; Este <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador apresentou elevada acuidade para estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica e possibilitou a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos doentes de alto risco&#44; os quais poder&#227;o eventualmente beneficiar de interven&#231;&#245;es terap&#234;uticas multidisciplinares intensivas precoces&#46;</p><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados deste estudo indicam que os novos biomarcadores s&#227;o relevantes marcadores progn&#243;sticos e sugerem o benef&#237;cio da sua aplica&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica&#46; Destaca&#8208;se ainda que estes resultados foram obtidos numa popula&#231;&#227;o de doentes com IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP &#40;confirmada por cateterismo direito&#41;&#44; mas relativamente heterog&#233;nea nas suas etiologias&#46; De forma relevante&#44; a acuidade progn&#243;stica dos marcadores avaliados n&#227;o diferiu em fun&#231;&#227;o da etiologia &#40;classifica&#231;&#227;o de Nice&#41; da HP&#46; Tal &#233; de grande relev&#226;ncia para a pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica quotidiana&#44; alargando o espectro da aplicabilidade da estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica com biomarcadores &#224;s m&#250;ltiplas formas cl&#237;nicas de HP&#46;</p><p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Neste estudo confirm&#225;mos ainda existir rela&#231;&#227;o entre v&#225;rios par&#226;metros anat&#243;micos e funcionais da AD e VD e o progn&#243;stico&#46; Em particular&#44; a dimens&#227;o basal do VD e a fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea da AD constitu&#237;ram fortes preditores independentes do progn&#243;stico&#46; Destaca&#8208;se que os par&#226;metros funcionais do VD&#44; apesar de correlacionados com o progn&#243;stico&#44; tiveram menor impacto e n&#227;o foram preditores independentes&#46; Tal enfatiza a dificuldade na avalia&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica da fun&#231;&#227;o global ventricular direita&#44; muito afetada pelo acoplamento ventr&#237;culo&#8208;arterial inerente ao contexto de HP e&#44; possivelmente&#44; dependente de par&#226;metros de remodelagem como a hipertrofia parietal&#46;</p><p id="par0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os p&#233;ptidos natriur&#233;ticos&#44; atualmente considerados os biomarcadores <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">gold standard</span> na IC&#44; desempenham um papel importante na homeostasia cardiovascular&#44; incluindo na regula&#231;&#227;o do t&#243;nus vascular&#44; vol&#233;mia&#44; permeabilidade endotelial e hipertrofia card&#237;aca&#46; Entre os p&#233;ptidos natriur&#233;ticos&#44; destacam&#8208;se o ANP e o BNP&#44; produzidos primariamente nos mi&#243;citos das aur&#237;culas e ventr&#237;culos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#44; respetivamente&#46; Ambos s&#227;o produzidos em resposta &#224; distens&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica secund&#225;ria &#224; sobrecarga de press&#227;o ou volume&#46; As fun&#231;&#245;es biol&#243;gicas do ANP e BNP incluem v&#225;rios mecanismos compensat&#243;rios&#44; como a natriurese&#44; diurese e vasodilata&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A maioria dos estudos relativos ao uso da classe de p&#233;ptidos de tipo&#8208;B centraram&#8208;se no BNP ou no NT&#8208;proBNP&#46; O valor progn&#243;stico destes p&#233;ptidos encontra&#8208;se bem demonstrado em todos os estadios da IC esquerda&#44; sendo incremental relativamente a outros marcadores cl&#237;nicos&#46; Por exemplo&#44; no registo ADHERE<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> verificou&#8208;se uma rela&#231;&#227;o linear entre os n&#237;veis de BNP e a mortalidade dos doentes hospitalizados por IC descompensada&#44; mesmo ap&#243;s ajustamento para outros marcadores de risco cl&#237;nicos e laboratoriais&#46;</p><p id="par0235" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O ANP&#44; al&#233;m da a&#231;&#227;o natriur&#233;tica&#44; apresenta potentes propriedades vasodilatadoras pulmonares<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&#46; A sua semivida plasm&#225;tica &#233; muito reduzida &#40;2&#8208;5 minutos&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&#44; o que dificulta o seu doseamento&#46; Por isso&#44; a investiga&#231;&#227;o tem&#8208;se centrado na avalia&#231;&#227;o do MR&#8208;proANP&#44; um p&#233;ptido mais est&#225;vel do ponto de vista biol&#243;gico&#46; O valor progn&#243;stico do MR&#8208;proANP foi j&#225; avaliado em doentes com IC esquerda&#46; No estudo PRIDE<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a>&#44; o MR&#8208;proANP foi identificado como preditor independente de mortalidade em doentes com IC descompensada&#46; No estudo BAC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> demonstrou&#8208;se a n&#227;o inferioridade do MR&#8208;proANP relativamente ao BNP no diagn&#243;stico de IC aguda em doentes com dispneia aguda&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; os dados do estudo sugeriram maior acuidade do MR&#8208;proANP na zona cinzenta do BNP e em doentes obesos&#46;</p><p id="par0240" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O valor progn&#243;stico dos p&#233;ptidos natriur&#233;ticos tem sido pesquisado em cen&#225;rios de HP e fal&#234;ncia ventricular direita&#46; Contudo&#44; neste campo os resultados s&#227;o mais limitados&#46; Alguns trabalhos demonstraram que os n&#237;veis plasm&#225;ticos de BNP e NT&#8208;proBNP aumentam em propor&#231;&#227;o ao grau de disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> e capacidade funcional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0355"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a>&#44; mas o valor progn&#243;stico do MR&#8208;proANP nunca foi avaliado&#46; Os resultados do nosso estudo assumem por isso especial relev&#226;ncia&#44; sugerindo benef&#237;cio e complementaridade destes p&#233;ptidos para finalidade de estratifica&#231;&#227;o&#46; Assim&#44; o NT&#8208;proBNP exibiu associa&#231;&#227;o predominante &#224; mortalidade &#40;e ao risco a mais curto prazo&#41;&#44; enquanto o MR&#8208;proANP constitui preditor progn&#243;stico independente de morbimortalidade &#40;associando&#8208;se ao risco de eventos a mais longo prazo&#41;&#46; Os doentes com n&#237;veis mais elevados de NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1398<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&#41; apresentaram seis vezes maior risco de morte e os doentes com n&#237;veis mais aumentados de MR&#8208;proANP &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#41; tiveram tr&#234;s vezes maior risco de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por agravamento da HP&#46; Demonstr&#225;mos ainda que a conjuga&#231;&#227;o destes biomarcadores proporcionou valor acrescido na acuidade da estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica&#46; Tal est&#225; de acordo com a hip&#243;tese de que os p&#233;ptidos natriur&#233;ticos s&#227;o parte integrante do sistema de contrarregula&#231;&#227;o fisiol&#243;gico em doentes com HP e disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita&#44; apresentando valor preditivo progn&#243;stico indiscut&#237;vel&#46;</p><p id="par0245" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estes resultados ser&#227;o ainda mais interessantes se for considerado que estes p&#233;ptidos podem&#44; a curto prazo&#44; constituir alvos terap&#234;uticos&#46; Como exemplo&#44; foi recentemente demonstrado que a administra&#231;&#227;o de ANP diminui significativamente a vasoconstri&#231;&#227;o e remodelagem adversa num modelo animal de HP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0250" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os p&#233;ptidos natriur&#233;ticos apresentam efeitos antag&#243;nicos relativamente ao SRAA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a>&#46; A import&#226;ncia progn&#243;stica do aumento da atividade do SRAA tem sido extensamente reconhecida na patologia do cora&#231;&#227;o esquerdo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a>&#44; mas permanece incerta no contexto da IC direita&#46; Estudos sugerem que este sistema se encontra hiperativado na HP&#44; integrando um mecanismo compensat&#243;rio&#44; embora com efeitos delet&#233;rios a longo prazo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a>&#46; No entanto&#44; ainda se sabe pouco relativamente &#224;s altera&#231;&#245;es de sinaliza&#231;&#227;o do eixo no contexto de HP&#46; Dois estudos independentes reportaram que alguns polimorfismos da enzima conversora de angiotensina &#40;ECA&#41; e do recetor de angiotensina II tipo 1 se associaram a progress&#227;o mais acelerada da HAP idiop&#225;tica&#44; remetendo para o envolvimento do SRAA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27&#44;28</span></a>&#46; O hiperaldosteronismo tem sido descrito recentemente como um promotor da doen&#231;a vascular pulmonar em modelos experimentais de HAP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&#46; Maron et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> descreveram uma correla&#231;&#227;o positiva entre os n&#237;veis plasm&#225;ticos de aldosterona e par&#226;metros hemodin&#226;micos &#40;resist&#234;ncia vascular pulmonar e gradiente transpulmonar&#41; em doentes com HAP&#46;</p><p id="par0255" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Forfia et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> demonstraram uma associa&#231;&#227;o entre a ocorr&#234;ncia de hiponatremia &#40;um indicador indireto da atividade do eixo&#41;&#44; IC direita e mortalidade em doentes com HAP&#46; Os nossos resultados n&#227;o revelaram associa&#231;&#227;o significativa entre a natremia e o risco de eventos ap&#243;s ajustamento para as outras vari&#225;veis&#46; Tal traduzir&#225; provavelmente a complexidade dos mecanismos subjacentes e o papel da terap&#234;utica anticongestiva como fator modulador do potencial valor preditor dos n&#237;veis de s&#243;dio&#46; Neste estudo&#44; avaliaram&#8208;se par&#226;metros que de forma mais direta medem a atividade do SRAA &#40;ECA&#44; renina e aldosterona&#41;&#44; algo ainda n&#227;o investigado de forma sistem&#225;tica em seguimento cl&#237;nico a longo prazo&#46; Observ&#225;mos que os doentes que evolu&#237;ram desfavoravelmente exibiam aumento dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos basais de renina&#44; sem modifica&#231;&#227;o dos n&#237;veis de ECA ou aldosterona&#46; Estes resultados apontam para a complexidade dos mecanismos envolvidos&#44; n&#227;o s&#243; no que respeita &#224; modula&#231;&#227;o intr&#237;nseca do eixo como tamb&#233;m na dissocia&#231;&#227;o entre a magnitude da sua ativa&#231;&#227;o e a gravidade da doen&#231;a&#46; Poss&#237;veis explica&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o a presen&#231;a de outros estados de hiperaldosteronismo &#40;ex&#46; hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#233;mica&#41;&#44; diferen&#231;as interindividuais na homeostasia do s&#243;dio e fatores regulat&#243;rios circadianos da s&#237;ntese aldosterona<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a>&#46; Os nossos resultados remetem para o potencial papel de estrat&#233;gias terap&#234;uticas que interfiram com o eixo RAAS&#46;</p><p id="par0260" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A ET1 e a vasopressina s&#227;o p&#233;ptidos com um papel fundamental na fisiologia cardiovascular&#44; apresentando propriedades vasoconstritoras&#46; A ET&#8208;1&#44; para al&#233;m um potente vasoconstritor&#44; apresenta propriedades proliferativas ao n&#237;vel do m&#250;sculo liso vascular&#44; intervindo na patobiologia da HP&#46; Os seus n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos encontram&#8208;se significativamente elevados em doentes com HAP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a>&#44; correlacionando&#8208;se com a gravidade da doen&#231;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>&#44; embora o seu valor progn&#243;stico n&#227;o tenha sido muito explorado&#46;</p><p id="par0265" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A vasopressina &#233; um p&#233;ptido&#8208;hormona sintetizado no hipot&#225;lamo e armazenado na neuro&#8208;hip&#243;fise&#44; apresentando propriedades antidiur&#233;ticas e vasoconstritoras&#46; Os seus n&#237;veis encontram&#8208;se elevados em doentes com IC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a>&#44; contudo torna&#8208;se dif&#237;cil a sua quantifica&#231;&#227;o devido &#224; curta semivida e liga&#231;&#227;o &#224;s prote&#237;nas plasm&#225;ticas&#46; No entanto&#44; a sua por&#231;&#227;o C&#8208;terminal &#40;copeptina&#41; &#233; est&#225;vel e pode ser facilmente quantificada&#44; tendo sido estudada no contexto de IC e s&#237;ndromes coron&#225;rias agudas&#46; No estudo BACH<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a>&#44; n&#237;veis elevados de copeptina estavam associados a aumento da mortalidade aos 90 dias e internamentos por causa card&#237;aca&#46; O valor progn&#243;stico da copeptina na IC aguda e cr&#243;nica foi subsequentemente confirmado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0425"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37&#44;38</span></a>&#46; Comparativamente &#224; doen&#231;a do cora&#231;&#227;o esquerdo&#44; o eixo neurohormonal tem sido pouco estudado em doentes com HP e IC direita&#46; Na nossa popula&#231;&#227;o&#44; observ&#225;mos n&#237;veis mais elevados de copeptina e ET&#8208;1 entre os indiv&#237;duos que evolu&#237;ram desfavoravelmente &#40;com morte e&#47; ou internamento por causa card&#237;aca&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0270" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O sST2 &#233; um membro da superfam&#237;lia de recetores Toll&#8208;like&#47;IL&#8208;1&#44; apresentando uma forma sol&#250;vel &#40;sST2&#41; e outra transmembranar &#40;ST2L&#41;&#44; sendo a interleucina&#8208;33 &#40;IL&#8208;33&#41; o ligando para ambas as formas&#46; Consiste num biomarcador com efeitos pluripotenciais <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in vivo</span>&#44; cuja express&#227;o &#233; estimulada pela deforma&#231;&#227;o mec&#226;nica dos fibroblastos card&#237;acos e cardiomiocitos&#44; estando envolvido em processos de remodelagem e fibrose no contexto de IC&#46; Estudos recentes demonstraram a presen&#231;a de concentra&#231;&#245;es plasm&#225;ticas aumentadas de sST2 em contexto de IC aguda&#44; apresentando rela&#231;&#227;o significativa com a presen&#231;a de remodelagem adversa ventricular esquerda e progn&#243;stico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;39</span></a>&#46; Sanada et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0440"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> demonstraram que a IL&#8208;33 atuando atrav&#233;s de ST2L antagoniza a hipertrofia miocit&#225;ria induzida por mecanismos neuro&#8208;hormonais&#46; Estes autores reportaram tamb&#233;m que o sST2 bloqueia os efeitos cardioprotetores da IL&#8208;33&#46; Shimpo et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0445"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a> demonstraram que em doentes com enfarte agudo do mioc&#225;rdio&#44; n&#237;veis elevados de sST2 foram preditores de IC e morte&#46; O sST2 tem sido bastante estudado em doentes com dispneia e suspeita de IC descompensada&#46; Numa suban&#225;lise do estudo PRIDE&#44; Januzzi et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0450"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> avaliaram os n&#237;veis de sST2 e NT&#8208;proBNP em doentes com dispneia aguda&#46; Demonstraram que os n&#237;veis de sST2 estavam mais elevados nos doentes com IC aguda&#44; apresentando maior valor progn&#243;stico comparativamente ao NT&#8208;proBNP&#46; Em doentes com IC cr&#243;nica&#44; o sST2 demonstrou ser preditor de morte s&#250;bita card&#237;aca<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0455"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43</span></a>&#46; Em resumo&#44; o sST2 tem surgido nos &#250;ltimos anos como um novo biomarcador de gravidade e progn&#243;stico na IC&#44; sendo que poucos estudos t&#234;m procurado avaliar o seu papel na IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP&#46; Zheng et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0460"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">44</span></a> demonstraram num estudo recente uma correla&#231;&#227;o entre os n&#237;veis plasm&#225;ticos de sST2 e par&#226;metros hemodin&#226;micos numa popula&#231;&#227;o de doentes com HAP idiop&#225;tica&#46; Carlomano et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0465"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45</span></a> descreveram recentemente uma correla&#231;&#227;o entre os valores plasm&#225;ticos de sST2 e par&#226;metros dimensionais e de fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita avaliados por resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca&#46; Do ponto de vista hemodin&#226;mico&#44; doentes com pior fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita apresentam aumento das press&#245;es de enchimento&#44; maior stresse transmural com estiramento ventricular associado e maior produ&#231;&#227;o de sST2&#46; Assim&#44; considerando a import&#226;ncia da fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita na estratifica&#231;&#227;o de risco de doentes com HP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0470"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">46</span></a>&#44; com este estudo estabelece&#8208;se de uma forma consistente o valor da sST2 como novo biomarcador de progn&#243;stico na IC direita&#46; Este pode ser integrado&#44; em combina&#231;&#227;o com outros biomarcadores&#44; no modelo de estratifica&#231;&#227;o de risco proposto neste trabalho&#46;</p><p id="par0275" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A adapta&#231;&#227;o do cora&#231;&#227;o direito &#224; sobrecarga de press&#227;o e as altera&#231;&#245;es morfol&#243;gicas decorrentes no contexto de HP foram j&#225; previamente caracterizadas por v&#225;rias modalidade de imagem e particularmente por ecocardiografia&#46; V&#225;rios trabalhos identificaram previamente preditores progn&#243;sticos morfol&#243;gicos e funcionais da AD e VD em doentes com HP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0475"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">47</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; ainda n&#227;o est&#225; completamente estabelecida a rela&#231;&#227;o existente entre a distor&#231;&#227;o anat&#243;mica&#47;dilata&#231;&#227;o cavit&#225;ria e os v&#225;rios par&#226;metros de &#40;dis&#41;fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; parece existir maior consist&#234;ncia na defini&#231;&#227;o de progn&#243;stico destes doentes para par&#226;metros relacionados com a dilata&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> par&#226;metros de fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0480"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">48</span></a>&#46; Nos estudos de interven&#231;&#227;o com terap&#234;utica espec&#237;fica existe mesmo uma correla&#231;&#227;o entre estes mesmos par&#226;metros e a melhoria funcional dos doentes&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Limita&#231;&#245;es</span><p id="par0280" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudo deve ser entendido como uma avalia&#231;&#227;o explorat&#243;ria&#44; numa popula&#231;&#227;o de doentes com IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP &#40;confirmada por cateterismo direito&#41; de dimens&#227;o relativamente reduzida e durante um per&#237;odo de seguimento limitado&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a popula&#231;&#227;o inclu&#237;da foi heterog&#233;nea no que respeita &#224; etiologia&#44; dura&#231;&#227;o da doen&#231;a e terap&#234;utica em curso aquando da inclus&#227;o e durante o seguimento&#46; As observa&#231;&#245;es do presente trabalho ter&#227;o que ser prospetivamente validadas em estudos externos de maior dimens&#227;o&#44; antes que se possa perspetivar a sua utiliza&#231;&#227;o como crit&#233;rio de decis&#227;o cl&#237;nica&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; dever&#225; ser avaliado o impacto da dura&#231;&#227;o da doen&#231;a e da terap&#234;utica em curso no desempenho espec&#237;fico dos diferentes preditores progn&#243;sticos&#44; seja dos biomarcadores&#44; seja dos par&#226;metros anat&#243;micos e funcionais da AD e VD&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="par0285" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Neste estudo prospetivo demonstr&#225;mos que v&#225;rios novos biomarcadores &#40;MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina&#44; copeptina&#44; ET1&#44; MR&#8208;proADM e sST2&#41; juntamente com o NT&#8208;proBNP e os par&#226;metros dimensionais e de fun&#231;&#227;o das cavidades card&#237;acas direitas constituem preditores progn&#243;sticos relevantes em doentes com IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; demonstr&#225;mos&#44; pela primeira vez&#44; que a avalia&#231;&#227;o conjugada dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2 sintetizada num <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador&#44; melhora a acuidade da estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica&#46; Este <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador possibilitou a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos doentes de alto risco&#44; os quais poder&#227;o eventualmente beneficiar de interven&#231;&#245;es terap&#234;uticas multidisciplinares intensivas precoces&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0145">Responsabilidades &#233;ticas</span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0150">Prote&#231;&#227;o de pessoas e animais</span><p id="par0290" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que para esta investiga&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o se realizaram experi&#234;ncias em seres humanos e&#47;ou animais&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0085" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0155">Confidencialidade dos dados</span><p id="par0295" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que n&#227;o aparecem dados de pacientes neste artigo&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0090" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0160">Direito &#224; privacidade e consentimento escrito</span><p id="par0300" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que n&#227;o aparecem dados de pacientes neste artigo&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0095" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0165">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0305" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introdu&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A hipertens&#227;o pulmonar &#40;HP&#41; compreende um grupo de doen&#231;as progressivas caracterizadas por aumento na resist&#234;ncia vascular pulmonar&#44; conduzindo a fal&#234;ncia ventricular direita e morte prematura&#46; A estratifica&#231;&#227;o de risco &#233; fundamental para a avalia&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica e orienta&#231;&#227;o terap&#234;utica&#44; sendo que a acuidade dos par&#226;metros convencionais &#233; limitada&#44; sobretudo no que respeita aos biomarcadores&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0115" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Determinar o valor progn&#243;stico de um painel de novos biomarcadores e avaliar o benef&#237;cio da sua conjuga&#231;&#227;o num <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador para predi&#231;&#227;o de morbimortalidade na HP&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Metodologia</span><p id="spar0120" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudo de coorte prospetivo de doentes com HP submetidos a avalia&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica&#44; ecocardiogr&#225;fica e laboratorial&#44; incluindo doseamento da por&#231;&#227;o N&#8208;terminal do p&#233;ptido natriur&#233;tico cerebral &#40;NT&#8208;proBNP&#41; e dos seguintes novos biomarcadores&#58; por&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dio&#8208;regional da pro&#8208;adrenomedulina &#40;MR&#8208;proADM&#41;&#44; copeptina&#44; endotelina&#8208;1&#44; por&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dio&#8208;regional da pr&#243;&#8208;hormona ANP &#40;MR&#8208;proANP&#41; e recetor sol&#250;vel da interleucina&#8208;33 &#40;sST2&#41;&#46; Determinou&#8208;se a acuidade dos diferentes par&#226;metros de avalia&#231;&#227;o na predi&#231;&#227;o de morte por qualquer causa e de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca&#46; Concebeu&#8208;se um <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador a partir da distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de novos biomarcadores e a sua acuidade progn&#243;stica incremental foi avaliada comparativamente aos marcadores convencionais&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Resultados</span><p id="spar0125" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Inclu&#237;ram&#8208;se 43 doentes com HP &#40;72&#44;1&#37; sexo feminino&#59; 59 &#177; 15 anos&#41;&#46; A maioria dos doentes &#40;65&#44;1&#37;&#41; tinha HP&#44; grupo 1&#46; Durante um seguimento mediano de 34 meses&#44; 26&#37; dos doentes &#40;n &#61; 11&#41; faleceram e 35&#37; &#40;n &#61; 15&#41; foram hospitalizados por causa card&#237;aca&#46; Os diferentes par&#226;metros dimensionais ventriculares e auriculares&#44; bem como a menor fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea ventricular direita&#44; foram preditores progn&#243;sticos relevantes&#46; Relativamente aos biomarcadores&#44; foram preditores independentes de mortalidade o NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;log&#41; &#40;hazard ratio &#91;HR&#93;&#58; 31&#44;14&#59; intervalo de confian&#231;a a 95&#37; &#91;IC95&#37;&#93;&#58; 3&#44;12&#8208;310&#44;7&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;003&#41; e a renina &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;02&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;005&#8208;1&#44;038&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;009&#41;&#44; e do risco de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o o MR&#8208;proANP &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;008&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;004&#8208;1&#44;011&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;001&#41; e o sST2 &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;005&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;001&#8208;1&#44;009&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;04&#41;&#46; O <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador&#44; concebido a partir da distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2&#44; foi superior a qualquer dos par&#226;metros convencionais na estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica e possibilitou a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos grupos de baixo risco&#44; risco interm&#233;dio e risco elevado&#44; cuja mortalidade aos tr&#234;s anos atingiu 77&#44;8&#37;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0130" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Uma abordagem multibiomarcadores &#233; &#250;til na estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica de doentes com HP&#46; O <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> que incorpora o NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2 identifica com precis&#227;o os doentes de elevado risco&#46;</p></span>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Introduction</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Pulmonary hypertension &#40;PH&#41; covers a group of conditions characterized by an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right ventricular failure&#46; Risk stratification is crucial for adequate prognostic and therapeutic assessment&#46; However&#44; the accuracy of conventional parameters is limited&#44; especially biomarkers&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Objectives</span><p id="spar0135" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To determine the prognostic value of new biomarkers and their combination in a multi&#8208;biomarker approach to predict outcome in patients with PH&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Methods</span><p id="spar0140" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In this prospective cohort study&#44; PH patients underwent clinical&#44; echocardiographic and laboratory assessment&#44; including quantification of serum N&#8208;terminal pro&#8208;brain natriuretic peptide &#40;NT&#8208;proBNP&#41; and of the following new biomarkers&#58; mid&#8208;regional pro&#8208;adrenomedullin &#40;MR&#8208;proADM&#41;&#44; copeptin&#44; endothelin&#8208;1&#44; mid&#8208;regional pro&#8208;atrial natriuretic peptide &#40;MR&#8208;proANP&#41; and soluble ST2 &#40;sST2&#41;&#44; the interleukin&#8208;33 receptor&#46; The accuracy of the different parameters for predicting all&#8208;cause mortality and death or hospitalization of cardiac causes was determined&#46; The prognostic value of a multi&#8208;biomarker score based on the tertile distribution of serum NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renin and sST2 was compared to conventional markers&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Results</span><p id="spar0145" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Forty&#8208;three patients &#40;72&#46;1&#37; female&#44; age 59&#177;15 years&#41; were included&#44; most of whom &#40;65&#46;1&#37;&#41; had group 1 PH&#46; During a median follow&#8208;up of 34 months&#44; 26&#37; of the patients died and 35&#37; were hospitalized for cardiac causes&#46; Atrial and ventricular dimensions and right ventricular fractional area change were prognostic predictors&#46; Log NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;HR&#58; 31&#46;14&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 3&#46;12&#8208;310&#46;7&#59; p&#61;0&#46;003&#41; and renin &#40;HR&#58; 1&#46;02&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;005&#8208;1&#46;038&#59; p&#61;0&#46;009&#41; were independent predictors of mortality&#46; MR&#8208;proANP &#40;HR&#58; 1&#46;008&#59; 95&#37; CI 1&#46;004&#8208;1&#46;011&#59; p&#60;0&#46;001&#41; and sST2 &#40;HR&#58; 1&#46;005&#59; 95&#37; CI 1&#46;001&#8208;1&#46;009&#59; p&#61;0&#46;04&#41; were predictors of death or hospitalization&#46; The prognostic value of the multi&#8208;biomarker score was higher than any of the conventional parameters&#44; and enabled identification of risk groups &#40;the high&#8208;risk group had three&#8208;year mortality of 77&#46;8&#37;&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0150" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A multi&#8208;biomarker approach was superior for risk stratification to any single marker&#46; A score that incorporates NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renin and sST2 accurately identifies patients at low&#44; intermediate and high risk&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Classifica&#231;&#227;o etiol&#243;gica &#40;Nice&#44; 2013&#41;</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Grupo 1</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Grupo 4 &#8211; hipertens&#227;o pulmonar cr&#243;nica tromboemb&#243;lica</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">7</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">16&#44;3</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Grupo 5 &#8211; associada a outra condi&#231;&#227;o</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">4&#44;7</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Terap&#234;utica vasodilatadora espec&#237;fica&#44; aquando da avalia&#231;&#227;o inicial</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">36</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">83&#44;7</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Inibidor da fosfodiesterase&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">58&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Antagonista do recetor da endotelina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">55&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Antagonistas dos canais de c&#225;lcio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">11&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracteriza&#231;&#227;o da popula&#231;&#227;o</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aur&#237;cula direita</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Dimens&#227;o &#40;quatro c&#226;maras&#41;&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#193;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#193;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#193;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Excurs&#227;o sist&#243;lica do plano do anel tric&#250;spide&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas demogr&#225;ficas</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Idade&#44; anos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">63 &#40;43&#8208;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">56 &#40;40&#8208;66&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;98&#8208;1&#44;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;74&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Sexo feminino&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7 &#40;63&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">24 &#40;75&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;47&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;57&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;17&#8208;1&#44;97&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HP grupo 1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9 &#40;81&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19 &#40;59&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;071&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;03&#8208;1&#44;98&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HP grupos 3 a 5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2 &#40;18&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13 &#40;40&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;071&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&#44;36&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;51&#8208;37&#44;72&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas ecocardiogr&#225;ficas</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; dimens&#227;o &#40;quatro c&#226;maras&#41;&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">71<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">51<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;03&#8208;1&#44;13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; &#225;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">38&#44;8 &#40;28&#44;7&#8208;50&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19&#44;0 &#40;13&#44;0&#8208;24&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; &#225;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">31&#44;0 &#40;25&#44;7&#8208;48&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13&#44;2 &#40;8&#44;1 &#8208; 20&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;04&#8208;1&#44;14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10&#44;5 &#40;6&#44;9&#8208;10&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&#44;0 &#40;14&#44;0&#8208;39&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;88&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;80&#8208;0&#44;97&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; di&#226;metro basal&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">57&#44;8 &#40;54&#44;1&#8208;64&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">39&#44;3 &#40;36&#44;0&#8208;45&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;06&#8208;1&#44;20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; &#225;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&#44;0 &#40;25&#44;1&#8208;49&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">21&#44;2 &#40;16&#44;8&#8208;28&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; &#225;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">26&#44;7 &#40;16&#44;8&#8208;33&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12&#44;2 &#40;9&#44;6&#8208;18&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;003&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&#8208;1&#44;13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;005&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;033&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;88&#8208;0&#44;99&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;033&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; excurs&#227;o sist&#243;lica do plano do anel tric&#250;spide&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16 &#40;13&#8208;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20 &#40;16&#8208;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;92&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;82&#8208;1&#44;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;22&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; velocidade sist&#243;lica do anel tric&#250;spide lateral&#44; cm&#47;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10 &#40;6&#8208;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12 &#40;9&#8208;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;026&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;80&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;61&#8208;1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;12&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Estimativa da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica arterial pulmonar&#44; mmHg&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">88 &#40;67&#8208;96&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">61 &#40;46&#8208;76&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;99&#8208;1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;07&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas laboratoriais</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Taxa de filtra&#231;&#227;o glomerular &#40;MDRD&#41;&#40;mL&#47;min&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">58 &#40;44&#8208;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">76 &#40;66&#8208;84&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;90&#8208;0&#44;99&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cistatina C &#40;mg&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;84&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;63&#8208;73&#44;95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>S&#243;dio &#40;mmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">139<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">140<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;86&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;71&#8208;1&#44;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">31 &#40;21&#8208;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;99&#8208;1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Compara&#231;&#227;o em fun&#231;&#227;o da evolu&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">An&#225;lise univariada de regress&#227;o de Cox</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20 &#40;80&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;17&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;18&#8208;1&#44;28&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;14&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HP grupo 1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16 &#40;88&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12 &#40;48&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;16&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;02&#8208;1&#44;44&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HP grupos 3 a 5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2 &#40;11&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13 &#40;52&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;70&#8208;55&#44;81&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas ecocardiogr&#225;ficas</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; dimens&#227;o &#40;quatro c&#226;maras&#41;&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">65<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">50<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;07&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;03&#8208;1&#44;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; &#225;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">29&#44;8 &#40;23&#44;7&#8208;44&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">17&#44;5 &#40;12&#44;5&#8208;22&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;003&#8208;1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;026&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; &#225;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&#44;0 &#40;19&#44;1&#8208;37&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12&#44;3 &#40;8&#44;1&#8208;18&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&#8208;1&#44;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13&#44;7 &#40;9&#44;9&#8208;25&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&#44;5 &#40;13&#44;5&#8208;40&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;018&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;90&#8208;0&#44;99&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;032&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; di&#226;metro basal&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">54 &#40;48&#8208;63&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">38 &#40;32&#8208;43&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;04&#8208;1&#44;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; &#225;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">29&#44;4 &#40;23&#44;4 &#8208; 47&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20&#44;0 &#40;16&#44;2 &#8208; 22&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&#8208;1&#44;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; &#225;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19&#44;2 &#40;16&#44;0 &#8208; 31&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">11&#44;0 &#40;8&#44;9 &#8208; 17&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;03&#8208;1&#44;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">32<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">42<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;90&#8208;0&#44;99&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; excurs&#227;o sist&#243;lica do plano do anel tric&#250;spide&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">18 &#40;14&#8208;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20 &#40;16&#8208;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;96&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;88&#8208;1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;45&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; velocidade sist&#243;lica do anel tric&#250;spide lateral&#44; cm&#47;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10 &#40;7&#8208;12&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12 &#40;9&#8208;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;17&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;92&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;76&#8208;1&#44;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;36&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Estimativa da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica arterial pulmonar&#44; mmHg&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">85 &#40;67&#8208;97&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">56 &#40;42&#8208;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas laboratoriais</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Taxa de filtra&#231;&#227;o glomerular &#40;MDRD&#41; &#40;mL&#47;min&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">66 &#40;52&#8208;80&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">75 &#40;65&#8208;82&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;98&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;95&#8208;1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cistatina C &#40;mg&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;79 &#40;0&#44;74&#8208;1&#44;08&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;90 &#40;0&#44;76&#8208;1&#44;09&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;72&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;17&#8208;17&#44;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;65&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>S&#243;dio &#40;mmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">140<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">140<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;97&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;82&#8208;1&#44;15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;71&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Enzima conversora da angiotensina &#40;ug&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">29&#44;5 &#40;20&#44;0&#8208;49&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">32&#44;0 &#40;24&#44;0&#8208;42&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;83&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;99&#8208;1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Renina &#40;mIU&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">38&#44;7 &#40;8&#44;8&#8208;84&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;4 &#40;4&#44;2&#8208;23&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;07&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;001&#8208;1&#44;007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Aldosterona &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">89&#44;8 &#40;39&#44;3&#8208;208&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">99&#44;5 &#40;48&#44;7&#8208;177&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;00&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;999&#8208;1&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;log&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a> &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1527 &#40;1054&#8208;3529&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">236 &#40;161&#8208;825&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;95&#8208;14&#44;39&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MR&#8208;proANP &#40;pmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">163&#44;2 &#40;153&#44;3&#8208;467&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">112&#44;2 &#40;74&#44;3&#8208;160&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;056&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;004&#8208;1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Copeptina &#40;ng&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">11&#44;8 &#40;5&#44;0&#8208;19&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;3 &#40;5&#44;0&#8208;10&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;07&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Endotelina&#8208;1 &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">118&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>62&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">77&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;025&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;03&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MR&#8208;proADM &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#44;53&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;07&#8208;5&#44;95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;034&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>sST2 &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">74&#44;7 &#40;48&#44;2&#8208;100&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&#44;0 &#40;26&#44;6&#8208;47&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;003&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;001&#8208;1&#44;008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Para a an&#225;lise de regress&#227;o log&#237;stica foi utilizada a transforma&#231;&#227;o logar&#237;tmica do doseamento s&#233;rico&#46;</p>"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0105" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Associa&#231;&#227;o das vari&#225;veis cl&#237;nicas&#44; laboratoriais e ecocardiogr&#225;ficas &#224; ocorr&#234;ncia de &#243;bito ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca durante o seguimento cl&#237;nico</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Vari&#225;vel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Pontua&#231;&#227;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">NTproBNP</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>234<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>234&#8208;1398<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1398<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MR&#8208;proANP</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8804;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>163<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>163<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Renina</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8804;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>36&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>36&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">sST2</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>34&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>34&#44;8&#8208;68&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>68&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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Artigo Original
Estratificação prognóstica na hipertensão pulmonar: valor acrescido da abordagem multibiomarcadores
Prognostic stratification in pulmonary hypertension: A multi‐biomarker approach
Rui Plácidoa,
Autor para correspondência
placidorui@gmail.com

Autor para correspondência.
, Nuno Cortez‐Diasa, Susana Robalo Martinsa, Ana Gomes Almeidaa, Carina Calistob, Susana Gonçalvesa, Malha Sadounec, António Nunes Diogoa, Alexandre Mebazaac,d, Fausto José Pintoa
a Cardiology Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, CCUL, Lisbon, Portugal
b Pathology Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
c UMR‐S 942, INSERM, Paris, France
d Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Saint Louis Lariboisière University Hospital, Assistance Publique ‐ Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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nomeadamente para o manejo e titula&#231;&#227;o das novas terap&#234;uticas vasodilatadoras&#46; Usualmente&#44; &#233; baseada na avalia&#231;&#227;o da capacidade de exerc&#237;cio&#44; ecocardiografia e avalia&#231;&#227;o hemodin&#226;mica por cateterismo card&#237;aco<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; a utiliza&#231;&#227;o generalizada de muitos destes par&#226;metros &#233; limitada&#44; devido ao seu car&#225;cter subjetivo&#44; depend&#234;ncia do operador ou natureza invasiva&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nos &#250;ltimos anos&#44; tem sido investigado o valor progn&#243;stico de in&#250;meros biomarcadores na HP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#44; j&#225; que os mesmos poder&#227;o facultar um m&#233;todo eficiente e n&#227;o&#8208;invasivo de estratifica&#231;&#227;o e monitoriza&#231;&#227;o&#46; De acordo com as normas de orienta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica internacionais&#44; apenas a determina&#231;&#227;o do p&#233;ptido natriur&#233;tico cerebral &#40;ou a sua por&#231;&#227;o N&#8208;terminal &#91;NT&#8208;proBNP&#93;&#41; se encontra recomendada para a pr&#225;tica quotidiana<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; No entanto&#44; s&#227;o reconhecidas as limita&#231;&#245;es da sua acuidade para efeitos de estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica&#44; particularmente quando coexista doen&#231;a card&#237;aca esquerda ou disfun&#231;&#227;o renal&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; diversos estudos cl&#237;nicos t&#234;m sugerido que a eleva&#231;&#227;o substancial dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP ocorre muito tardiamente&#44; numa fase de marcada dilata&#231;&#227;o ventricular e em que o reajuste terap&#234;utico pode j&#225; n&#227;o ser suficientemente efetivo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Reflexo da complexidade dos mecanismos subjacentes &#224; 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a renina plasm&#225;tica&#44; a adrenomedulina e a endotelina&#8208;1 &#40;ET&#8208;1&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O sST2 &#233; um biomarcador com efeitos pluripotenciais <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in vivo</span>&#44; cuja express&#227;o &#233; estimulada pela deforma&#231;&#227;o mec&#226;nica dos fibroblastos card&#237;acos e dos cardiomiocitos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46; Estudos recentes documentaram o aumento da sua concentra&#231;&#227;o s&#233;rica no contexto da IC aguda e sugerem correlacionar&#8208;se com processos de remodelagem e fibrose no contexto de IC cr&#243;nica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; o seu valor progn&#243;stico na IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP permanece desconhecido&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">V&#225;rios estudos demonstraram que a hiperativa&#231;&#227;o cr&#243;nica do sistema renina&#8208;angiotensina&#8208;aldosterona &#40;SRAA&#41; em doentes com IC esquerda apresenta implica&#231;&#245;es progn&#243;sticas consider&#225;veis&#46; Contudo&#44; a sua relev&#226;ncia permanece incerta na IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP e o valor preditivo da renina plasm&#225;tica nunca foi estabelecido neste grupo de doentes&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A adrenomedulina&#44; um p&#233;ptido vasoativo com propriedades natriur&#233;ticas produzido em v&#225;rios tecidos do organismo&#44; tem sido consistentemente associada ao progn&#243;stico de doentes com IC esquerda<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; O seu papel na estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica de doentes com HP permanece por determinar&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A ET1 &#233; um potente vasoconstritor e constitui um alvo terap&#234;utico na hipertens&#227;o arterial pulmonar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#46; Os seus valores s&#233;ricos encontram&#8208;se aumentados em v&#225;rios estados de IC&#44; contudo s&#227;o necess&#225;rios estudos de seguimento alargado para avaliar o seu impacto progn&#243;stico&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente estudo&#44; pretendemos determinar o valor progn&#243;stico de um painel de novos biomarcadores e avaliar o benef&#237;cio da sua conjuga&#231;&#227;o num <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador para predi&#231;&#227;o de morbimortalidade por IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">M&#233;todos</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Desenho do estudo</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudo observacional prospetivo de doentes consecutivos admitidos na consulta multidisciplinar de HP com o diagn&#243;stico de HP&#44; confirmado por avalia&#231;&#227;o hemodin&#226;mica&#46; Os crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o na presente an&#225;lise compreenderam doentes com HP dos grupos I&#44; III&#44; IV e V &#40;classifica&#231;&#227;o de Nice&#44; 2013<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>&#41;&#44; clinicamente est&#225;veis nos &#250;ltimos dois meses e em classe funcional<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II da Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial de Sa&#250;de &#40;OMS&#41;&#46; Os crit&#233;rios de exclus&#227;o consistiram na presen&#231;a de HP secund&#225;ria a doen&#231;as do cora&#231;&#227;o esquerdo&#44; HP n&#227;o desproporcionada no contexto de patologia respirat&#243;ria cr&#243;nica&#44; hist&#243;ria de cirurgia ou traumatismo nos &#250;ltimos dois meses&#44; doen&#231;a neopl&#225;sica&#44; cirrose hep&#225;tica ou enfarte do mioc&#225;rdio pr&#233;vio&#46; A diferen&#231;a temporal entre o diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a ou institui&#231;&#227;o de terap&#234;utica espec&#237;fica e o momento de referencia&#231;&#227;o &#224; consulta multidisciplinar de HP&#44; correspondente &#224; inclus&#227;o no estudo&#44; n&#227;o constituiu crit&#233;rio de exclus&#227;o&#46; O desenho do estudo foi aprovado pela Comiss&#227;o de &#201;tica da institui&#231;&#227;o proponente e todos os participantes forneceram consentimento informado&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Na avalia&#231;&#227;o basal&#44; os doentes foram submetidos a avalia&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica&#44; ecocardiogr&#225;fica e laboratorial&#44; que incluiu o doseamento de um painel de biomarcadores novos e convencionais&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Ensaios laboratoriais</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram obtidas amostras de soro e plasma &#40;EDTA&#41; a partir de veia antecubital&#44; ap&#243;s cinco minutos de repouso&#46; Determinaram&#8208;se o hemograma completo e concentra&#231;&#245;es s&#233;ricas de creatinina &#40;com determina&#231;&#227;o da taxa de filtra&#231;&#227;o glomerular &#91;TFG&#93; pela equa&#231;&#227;o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Modification of Diet in Renal Disease</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>&#41;&#44; s&#243;dio e ureia&#46; As al&#237;quotas de plasma foram armazenadas a &#8208;80<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>¿ C at&#233; &#224; subsequente determina&#231;&#227;o dos biomarcadores&#46; Os n&#237;veis de NT&#8208;proBNP foram determinados com fase s&#243;lida no ensaio imunom&#233;trico <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Immulite2000</span> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics</span>&#44; Breda&#44; Holanda&#41;&#44; dispon&#237;vel comercialmente e validado na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#46; A por&#231;&#227;o terminal da ET&#8208;1<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&#44; por&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dio&#8208;regional do p&#233;ptido natriur&#233;tico auricular<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> &#40;MR&#8208;proANP&#41;&#44; por&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dio&#8208;regional da pro&#8208;adrenomedulina<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> &#40;MR&#8208;proADM&#41;&#44; copeptina<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> e sST<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> foram medidas atrav&#233;s de ensaios de quimioluminesc&#234;ncia no sistema <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Kryptor</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">BRAHMS AG</span>&#59; Hennigsdorf&#44; Alemanha&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Ecocardiografia transtor&#225;cica</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Efetuou&#8208;se estudo ecocardiogr&#225;fico em aparelho <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">GE Vivid 7 Dimension</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span>&#44; incluindo avalia&#231;&#227;o convencional bidimensional&#44; modo&#8208;M&#44; Doppler e Doppler tecidular pulsado do anel lateral tric&#250;spide&#46; As imagens digitais foram analisadas em p&#243;s&#8208;processamento utilizando o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software EchoPAC Dimension</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">GE Healthcare</span>&#44; Milwaukee&#44; WI&#44; EUA&#41;&#44; com oculta&#231;&#227;o para a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos doentes&#46; A fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica do ventr&#237;culo direito &#40;VD&#41; foi avaliada pela fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea do VD&#44; excurs&#227;o sist&#243;lica do plano do anel tric&#250;spide &#40;TAPSE&#41; e velocidade sist&#243;lica de pico do anel lateral tric&#250;spide&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Seguimento cl&#237;nico</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os doentes foram avaliados presencialmente a cada 2&#8208;3 meses&#44; tendo sido registada a evolu&#231;&#227;o sintom&#225;tica&#44; necessidade de titula&#231;&#227;o terap&#234;utica e ocorr&#234;ncia de eventos cl&#237;nicos adversos&#44; incluindo hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca e &#243;bito&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Definiram&#8208;se como <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">endpoints</span> de an&#225;lise&#58; &#40;1&#41; ocorr&#234;ncia de &#243;bito por qualquer causa&#59; e &#40;2&#41; ocorr&#234;ncia de &#243;bito ou internamento hospitalar por agravamento da HP durante o tempo de seguimento&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As vari&#225;veis categoriais foram descritas pela sua frequ&#234;ncia absoluta e relativa e foram comparadas por testes de qui&#8208;quadrado e exato de Fisher&#46; As vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas com distribui&#231;&#227;o normal foram caracterizadas com a m&#233;dia e desvio&#8208;padr&#227;o&#44; e comparadas usando&#8208;se teste T de Student e ANOVA&#46; As vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas com distribui&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o normal foram descritas com a mediana e distribui&#231;&#227;o interquartil &#40;DIQ&#41;&#44; e comparadas com testes n&#227;o param&#233;tricos de Mann&#8208;Whitney e Kruskal&#8208;Wallis&#46; Atendendo &#224; distribui&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o normal exponencial do NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; os seus valores foram sujeitos a transforma&#231;&#227;o logar&#237;tmica previamente &#224; sua inclus&#227;o nas an&#225;lises de sobreviv&#234;ncia&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para determinar a associa&#231;&#227;o das diferentes vari&#225;veis ao risco de morte e de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca durante o seguimento a longo prazo&#44; utilizaram&#8208;se an&#225;lises de sobreviv&#234;ncia pelo m&#233;todo de Kaplan&#8208;Meier e de regress&#227;o de Cox uni e multivariadas&#46; As sobreviv&#234;ncias livres de eventos foram comparadas&#44; com determina&#231;&#227;o do valor de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">log rank</span> p&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">hazard ratio</span> &#40;HR&#41; e respetivos intervalos de confian&#231;a a 95&#37; &#40;IC95&#37;&#41;&#46; Para evitar sobrevaloriza&#231;&#227;o de associa&#231;&#245;es inespec&#237;ficas&#44; apenas foram inclu&#237;das nas an&#225;lises multivariadas aquelas vari&#225;veis com valor p inferior a 0&#44;10 determinado em an&#225;lise univariada&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; as an&#225;lises multivariadas foram efetuadas com o m&#233;todo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">stepwise forward conditional</span>&#44; com probabilidade de inclus&#227;o de 5&#37; e de remo&#231;&#227;o de 10&#37;&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A acuidade dos diferentes par&#226;metros para finalidade de estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica foi avaliada pela &#225;rea sob a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">receiver operator characteristic curve</span> &#40;AUC&#41;&#44; com determina&#231;&#227;o dos respetivos intervalos de confian&#231;a e valor p relativamente &#224; ocorr&#234;ncia de &#243;bito aos tr&#234;s anos&#44; e de &#243;bito ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca aos tr&#234;s anos&#46; Calculou&#8208;se um <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador&#44; determinado em cada doente a partir da distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2&#46; A acuidade progn&#243;stica do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador foi comparada com aquela referente aos diferentes biomarcadores e par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos individualmente considerados&#44; e avaliou&#8208;se o impacto progn&#243;stico da estratifica&#231;&#227;o com base no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador atrav&#233;s da distribui&#231;&#227;o da popula&#231;&#227;o por tercis&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Resultados</span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Caracteriza&#231;&#227;o da popula&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudaram&#8208;se 43 doentes&#44; 72&#44;1&#37; dos quais do sexo feminino &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>31&#41; e com idade mediana de 59 anos &#40;DIQ&#58; 43&#8208;67 anos&#41;&#46; Todos os doentes apresentavam manifesta&#231;&#245;es de IC aquando da avalia&#231;&#227;o inicial&#44; classificadas em classe OMS II e III em 74&#44;4&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>32&#41; e 25&#44;6&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41;&#44; respetivamente&#46; No que respeita &#224; classifica&#231;&#227;o etiol&#243;gica&#44; a maioria dos doentes &#40;65&#44;1&#37;&#59; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>28&#41; tinha hipertens&#227;o arterial pulmonar &#40;HAP&#41; do grupo 1 &#40;Nice&#44; 2013&#41;&#44; mais frequentemente em associa&#231;&#227;o a doen&#231;as do tecido conjuntivo &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41; ou a cardiopatias cong&#233;nitas &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#41;&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; 83&#44;7&#37; dos doentes &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>36&#41; encontravam&#8208;se j&#225; medicados com f&#225;rmacos vasodilatadores espec&#237;ficos&#44; com destaque para os inibidores da fosfodiesterase &#40;58&#44;1&#37;&#59; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>25&#41; e os antagonistas do recetor da ET &#40;55&#44;8&#37;&#59; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>24&#41;&#46; As caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas da popula&#231;&#227;o s&#227;o adicionalmente detalhadas na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Tabela 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os doentes foram submetidos a avalia&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica&#44; realizada numa mediana de oito dias &#40;DIQ&#58; 2&#8208;91&#41; ap&#243;s a avalia&#231;&#227;o laboratorial&#46; A caracteriza&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica &#233; detalhada na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Tabela 2</a>&#46; Destaca&#8208;se que 51&#44;2&#37; dos doentes &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>22&#41; apresentavam dilata&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita &#40;di&#226;metro basal<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>42<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; e que 86&#37; dos doentes &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>37&#41; exibiam pelo menos um par&#226;metro de disfun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica ventricular direita&#44; incluindo diminui&#231;&#227;o da fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea &#40;&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>35&#37;&#41; em 41&#44;9&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18&#41;&#44; redu&#231;&#227;o da TAPSE &#40;&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; em 34&#44;9&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15&#41; e diminui&#231;&#227;o da velocidade sist&#243;lica do anel tric&#250;spide lateral &#40;&#8804;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#47;s&#41; em 39&#44;5&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>17&#41;&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; observou&#8208;se dilata&#231;&#227;o auricular direita traduzida por di&#226;metro m&#225;ximo superior a 53<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm em 51&#44;2&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>22&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os par&#226;metros referentes &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o laboratorial s&#227;o detalhados na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Tabela 3</a>&#46; Apesar de a disfun&#231;&#227;o renal ter sido muito prevalente&#44; o compromisso identificado foi de gravidade apenas ligeira &#40;TFG&#58; 60&#8208;89<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL&#47;min&#59; 24&#37;&#59; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>24&#41; ou moderada &#40;TFG&#58; 30&#8208;59<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL&#47;min&#59; 25&#44;6&#37;&#59; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41;&#46; Destaca&#8208;se que os doentes com dilata&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita exibiram n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos mais elevados de NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;1338<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL &#91;354&#8208;2275&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> &#91;236 111&#8208;1005&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;021&#41; e MR&#8208;proANP &#40;159&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL &#91;132&#44;6&#8208;287&#44;9&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 111&#44;1 &#91;66&#44;1&#8208;161&#44;9&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;032&#41;&#59; aqueles com diminui&#231;&#227;o da fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea do VD apresentaram NT&#8208;proBNP mais elevado &#40;1338<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL &#91;822&#44;0&#8208;2393&#44;5&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 236 &#91;186&#8208;1258&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;019&#41;&#59; e aqueles com dilata&#231;&#227;o da aur&#237;cula direita &#40;AD&#41; tinham concentra&#231;&#245;es s&#233;ricas aumentadas de NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;1522 &#91;825&#8208;2462&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 215 &#91;91&#8208;719&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#44; MR&#8208;proANP &#40;163&#44;5 &#91;152&#44;6&#8208;287&#44;9&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 94&#44;9 &#91;50&#44;8&#8208;127&#44;4&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; e sST2 &#40;62&#44;2 &#91;38&#44;3&#8208;77&#44;0&#93; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 30&#44;1 &#91;24&#44;2&#8208;47&#44;9&#93;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;015&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Durante um seguimento mediano de 34 meses &#40;30&#8208;38&#41;&#44; 26&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41; dos doentes faleceram e 35&#37; &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15&#41; foram hospitalizados por causa card&#237;aca&#46; A terap&#234;utica farmacol&#243;gica foi reajustada com institui&#231;&#227;o de inibidor da fosfodiesterase em nove doentes &#40;20&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; de antagonista do recetor da ET em 14 doentes &#40;32&#44;6&#37;&#41; e de prostan&#243;ides parent&#233;ricos em cinco doentes &#40;11&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#44; de tal forma que todos os doentes passaram a estar medicados com pelo menos um f&#225;rmaco vasodilatador espec&#237;fico&#46;</p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os doentes que faleceram durante o seguimento &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41; haviam apresentado&#44; aquando da avalia&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica inicial&#44; maior dilata&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo e aur&#237;cula direitos e menor fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea ventricular direita &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Tabela 4</a>&#46; Os diferentes par&#226;metros dimensionais ventriculares e auriculares&#44; bem como a menor fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea ventricular direita foram preditores relevantes do risco de mortalidade&#46; Entre os par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos&#44; os preditores independentes do risco de morte identificados por an&#225;lise multivariada de regress&#227;o log&#237;stica foram o di&#226;metro basal do VD &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;17&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;07&#8208;1&#44;27&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; e a fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea da AD &#40;HR&#58; 0&#44;87&#59; IC95&#37; 0&#44;79&#8208;0&#44;97&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;008&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Relativamente aos par&#226;metros laboratoriais&#44; detetaram&#8208;se n&#237;veis mais elevados de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina&#44; copeptina&#44; ET1&#44; MR&#8208;proADM e sST2 entre os doentes que faleceram durante o seguimento &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Tabela 4</a>&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; o risco de morte agravou&#8208;se com o decl&#237;nio da fun&#231;&#227;o renal&#46; Entre os diferentes biomarcadores estudados&#44; apenas o NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;log&#41; e a renina constitu&#237;ram preditores independentes de mortalidade&#44; com HR respetivamente de 31&#44;14 &#40;3&#44;12&#8208;310&#44;7&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41; e 1&#44;02 &#40;1&#44;005&#8208;1&#44;038&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;009&#41;&#46; O risco de morte durante o seguimento foi comparado em fun&#231;&#227;o da distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos dos biomarcadores &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figura 1</a>&#46; Comparativamente aos doentes inclu&#237;dos no 1&#46;&#176; e 2&#46;&#176; tercis&#44; aqueles com n&#237;veis mais elevados de NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1398<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&#41; apresentaram maior risco de morte &#40;HR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6&#44;16&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;63&#8208;23&#44;28&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;007&#41;&#44; tendo&#8208;se verificado o mesmo naqueles com n&#237;veis aumentados de renina &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#58; &#62; 36&#44;5 pg&#47;mL&#59; HR&#58; 6&#44;70&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;94&#8208;23&#44;21&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;003&#41; e de sST2 &#40;3&#46;&#8728; tercil&#58; &#62; 68&#44;6 ng&#47;mL&#59; HR&#58; 7&#44;85&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 2&#44;05&#8208;30&#44;05&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;003&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os doentes que evolu&#237;ram desfavoravelmente&#44; com &#243;bito ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18&#41;&#44; apresentaram igualmente par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos iniciais mais alterados no que respeita &#224;s dimens&#245;es e fun&#231;&#227;o das c&#226;maras direitas &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">Tabela 5</a>&#46; Entre os par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos&#44; o &#250;nico preditor independentes do risco de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca foi o di&#226;metro basal do VD &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;08&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;04&#8208;1&#44;12&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; os doentes que evolu&#237;ram desfavoravelmente exibiam tamb&#233;m aumento dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina&#44; copeptina&#44; ET1&#44; MR&#8208;proADM e sST2&#44; os quais foram identificados como preditores progn&#243;sticos significativos&#46; O risco de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o diferiu significativamente em fun&#231;&#227;o da TFG inicial&#46; Entre os biomarcadores avaliados&#44; constitu&#237;ram preditores independentes do risco de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o o MR&#8208;proANP &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;008&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;004&#8208;1&#44;011&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; e o sST2 &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;005&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;001&#8208;1&#44;009&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;04&#41;&#46; A sobreviv&#234;ncia livre de eventos foi comparada em fun&#231;&#227;o da distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de biomarcadores &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figura 2</a>&#46; Comparativamente aos doentes inclu&#237;dos no 1&#46;&#176; e 2&#46;&#176; tercis&#44; o risco de eventos adversos foi tr&#234;s vezes maior naqueles com n&#237;veis mais elevados de NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1398<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&#59; HR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;72&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;43&#8208;9&#44;70&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;007&#41; e cerca de seis vezes maior naqueles com sST2 aumentado &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>68&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL&#59; HR&#58; 5&#44;77&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 2&#44;16&#8208;15&#44;39&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Abordagem multibiomarcador na estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica</span><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As an&#225;lises de estratifica&#231;&#227;o sugeriram que o impacto progn&#243;stico dos diferentes biomarcadores n&#227;o s&#243; &#233; distinto&#44; como o perfil temporal dos eventos que prenunciam e o tipo de eventos a que se associam &#40;mortalilidade <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> morbimortalidade&#41; os distinguem&#46; Assim&#44; enquanto o NT&#8208;proBNP e a renina exibiram associa&#231;&#227;o predominante &#224; mortalidade&#44; o MR&#8208;proANP e a sST2 mais fortemente se correlacionaram com a morbimortalidade&#46; Por isso&#44; consider&#225;mos a possibilidade de a conjuga&#231;&#227;o destes biomarcadores proporcionar valor incremental na acuidade da estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica&#46;</p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para testar esta hip&#243;tese&#44; desenvolvemos um <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> de estratifica&#231;&#227;o tendo por base a distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2&#44; cujas pontua&#231;&#245;es foram ajustadas de acordo com os HR na predi&#231;&#227;o quer de mortalidade&#44; quer de morte &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0030">Tabela 6</a>&#46; A pontua&#231;&#227;o total corresponde ao somat&#243;rio das pontua&#231;&#245;es referentes aos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de cada um dos biomarcadores e varia entre 0&#8208;10&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0030"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A acuidade do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador para predi&#231;&#227;o de eventos dentro de tr&#234;s anos foi muito elevada&#44; seja no que respeita &#224; mortalidade &#40;AUC&#58; 0&#44;94<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;04&#59; IC95&#37; 0&#44;85&#8208;1&#44;00&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#44; seja no que concerne &#224; ocorr&#234;ncia de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca &#40;AUC&#58; 0&#44;86<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;08&#59; IC95&#37; 0&#44;70&#8208;1&#44;00&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a sua acuidade de estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica foi superior &#224; dos biomarcadores que o integram individualmente &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figura 3</a>&#41; e tamb&#233;m superior &#224; dos v&#225;rios par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Figura 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tendo por base a distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador distinguiram&#8208;se tr&#234;s grupos de doentes com progn&#243;stico aos tr&#234;s anos claramente distinto &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">log rank</span> Mantel&#8208;Cox p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#58; os doentes com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> inferior a 3&#44; de baixo risco&#44; sem eventos fatais aos tr&#234;s anos e com taxa cumulativa de morte ou internamento de 11&#44;1&#37;&#59; os doentes com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> compreendido entre 3&#8208;7&#44; de risco interm&#233;dio&#44; com taxa de mortalidade aos tr&#234;s anos de 16&#44;7&#37; e taxa de cumulativa de morte ou internamento de 25&#37;&#59; e os doentes com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> superior a 7&#44; de alto risco&#44; cuja mortalidade aos tr&#234;s anos atingiu 77&#44;8&#37; e cuja taxa de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca foi de 87&#44;5&#37; &#8211; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0025">Figura 5</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0025"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Neste estudo prospetivo&#44; avali&#225;mos a acuidade progn&#243;stica de novos biomarcadores &#40;MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina&#44; copeptina&#44; ET1&#44; MR&#8208;proADM e sST2&#41; numa popula&#231;&#227;o de doentes com IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP e compar&#225;mo&#8208;la com par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos bem estabelecidos&#46; Confirm&#225;mos o valor progn&#243;stico do NT&#8208;proBNP e demonstr&#225;mos&#44; pela primeira vez&#44; que a avalia&#231;&#227;o conjugada dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2 sintetizada num <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador&#44; apresenta utilidade adicional&#46; Este <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador apresentou elevada acuidade para estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica e possibilitou a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos doentes de alto risco&#44; os quais poder&#227;o eventualmente beneficiar de interven&#231;&#245;es terap&#234;uticas multidisciplinares intensivas precoces&#46;</p><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados deste estudo indicam que os novos biomarcadores s&#227;o relevantes marcadores progn&#243;sticos e sugerem o benef&#237;cio da sua aplica&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica&#46; Destaca&#8208;se ainda que estes resultados foram obtidos numa popula&#231;&#227;o de doentes com IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP &#40;confirmada por cateterismo direito&#41;&#44; mas relativamente heterog&#233;nea nas suas etiologias&#46; De forma relevante&#44; a acuidade progn&#243;stica dos marcadores avaliados n&#227;o diferiu em fun&#231;&#227;o da etiologia &#40;classifica&#231;&#227;o de Nice&#41; da HP&#46; Tal &#233; de grande relev&#226;ncia para a pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica quotidiana&#44; alargando o espectro da aplicabilidade da estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica com biomarcadores &#224;s m&#250;ltiplas formas cl&#237;nicas de HP&#46;</p><p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Neste estudo confirm&#225;mos ainda existir rela&#231;&#227;o entre v&#225;rios par&#226;metros anat&#243;micos e funcionais da AD e VD e o progn&#243;stico&#46; Em particular&#44; a dimens&#227;o basal do VD e a fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea da AD constitu&#237;ram fortes preditores independentes do progn&#243;stico&#46; Destaca&#8208;se que os par&#226;metros funcionais do VD&#44; apesar de correlacionados com o progn&#243;stico&#44; tiveram menor impacto e n&#227;o foram preditores independentes&#46; Tal enfatiza a dificuldade na avalia&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica da fun&#231;&#227;o global ventricular direita&#44; muito afetada pelo acoplamento ventr&#237;culo&#8208;arterial inerente ao contexto de HP e&#44; possivelmente&#44; dependente de par&#226;metros de remodelagem como a hipertrofia parietal&#46;</p><p id="par0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os p&#233;ptidos natriur&#233;ticos&#44; atualmente considerados os biomarcadores <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">gold standard</span> na IC&#44; desempenham um papel importante na homeostasia cardiovascular&#44; incluindo na regula&#231;&#227;o do t&#243;nus vascular&#44; vol&#233;mia&#44; permeabilidade endotelial e hipertrofia card&#237;aca&#46; Entre os p&#233;ptidos natriur&#233;ticos&#44; destacam&#8208;se o ANP e o BNP&#44; produzidos primariamente nos mi&#243;citos das aur&#237;culas e ventr&#237;culos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#44; respetivamente&#46; Ambos s&#227;o produzidos em resposta &#224; distens&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica secund&#225;ria &#224; sobrecarga de press&#227;o ou volume&#46; As fun&#231;&#245;es biol&#243;gicas do ANP e BNP incluem v&#225;rios mecanismos compensat&#243;rios&#44; como a natriurese&#44; diurese e vasodilata&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A maioria dos estudos relativos ao uso da classe de p&#233;ptidos de tipo&#8208;B centraram&#8208;se no BNP ou no NT&#8208;proBNP&#46; O valor progn&#243;stico destes p&#233;ptidos encontra&#8208;se bem demonstrado em todos os estadios da IC esquerda&#44; sendo incremental relativamente a outros marcadores cl&#237;nicos&#46; Por exemplo&#44; no registo ADHERE<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> verificou&#8208;se uma rela&#231;&#227;o linear entre os n&#237;veis de BNP e a mortalidade dos doentes hospitalizados por IC descompensada&#44; mesmo ap&#243;s ajustamento para outros marcadores de risco cl&#237;nicos e laboratoriais&#46;</p><p id="par0235" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O ANP&#44; al&#233;m da a&#231;&#227;o natriur&#233;tica&#44; apresenta potentes propriedades vasodilatadoras pulmonares<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&#46; A sua semivida plasm&#225;tica &#233; muito reduzida &#40;2&#8208;5 minutos&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&#44; o que dificulta o seu doseamento&#46; Por isso&#44; a investiga&#231;&#227;o tem&#8208;se centrado na avalia&#231;&#227;o do MR&#8208;proANP&#44; um p&#233;ptido mais est&#225;vel do ponto de vista biol&#243;gico&#46; O valor progn&#243;stico do MR&#8208;proANP foi j&#225; avaliado em doentes com IC esquerda&#46; No estudo PRIDE<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a>&#44; o MR&#8208;proANP foi identificado como preditor independente de mortalidade em doentes com IC descompensada&#46; No estudo BAC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> demonstrou&#8208;se a n&#227;o inferioridade do MR&#8208;proANP relativamente ao BNP no diagn&#243;stico de IC aguda em doentes com dispneia aguda&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; os dados do estudo sugeriram maior acuidade do MR&#8208;proANP na zona cinzenta do BNP e em doentes obesos&#46;</p><p id="par0240" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O valor progn&#243;stico dos p&#233;ptidos natriur&#233;ticos tem sido pesquisado em cen&#225;rios de HP e fal&#234;ncia ventricular direita&#46; Contudo&#44; neste campo os resultados s&#227;o mais limitados&#46; Alguns trabalhos demonstraram que os n&#237;veis plasm&#225;ticos de BNP e NT&#8208;proBNP aumentam em propor&#231;&#227;o ao grau de disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> e capacidade funcional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0355"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a>&#44; mas o valor progn&#243;stico do MR&#8208;proANP nunca foi avaliado&#46; Os resultados do nosso estudo assumem por isso especial relev&#226;ncia&#44; sugerindo benef&#237;cio e complementaridade destes p&#233;ptidos para finalidade de estratifica&#231;&#227;o&#46; Assim&#44; o NT&#8208;proBNP exibiu associa&#231;&#227;o predominante &#224; mortalidade &#40;e ao risco a mais curto prazo&#41;&#44; enquanto o MR&#8208;proANP constitui preditor progn&#243;stico independente de morbimortalidade &#40;associando&#8208;se ao risco de eventos a mais longo prazo&#41;&#46; Os doentes com n&#237;veis mais elevados de NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1398<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&#41; apresentaram seis vezes maior risco de morte e os doentes com n&#237;veis mais aumentados de MR&#8208;proANP &#40;3&#46;&#176; tercil&#41; tiveram tr&#234;s vezes maior risco de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por agravamento da HP&#46; Demonstr&#225;mos ainda que a conjuga&#231;&#227;o destes biomarcadores proporcionou valor acrescido na acuidade da estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica&#46; Tal est&#225; de acordo com a hip&#243;tese de que os p&#233;ptidos natriur&#233;ticos s&#227;o parte integrante do sistema de contrarregula&#231;&#227;o fisiol&#243;gico em doentes com HP e disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita&#44; apresentando valor preditivo progn&#243;stico indiscut&#237;vel&#46;</p><p id="par0245" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estes resultados ser&#227;o ainda mais interessantes se for considerado que estes p&#233;ptidos podem&#44; a curto prazo&#44; constituir alvos terap&#234;uticos&#46; Como exemplo&#44; foi recentemente demonstrado que a administra&#231;&#227;o de ANP diminui significativamente a vasoconstri&#231;&#227;o e remodelagem adversa num modelo animal de HP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0250" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os p&#233;ptidos natriur&#233;ticos apresentam efeitos antag&#243;nicos relativamente ao SRAA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a>&#46; A import&#226;ncia progn&#243;stica do aumento da atividade do SRAA tem sido extensamente reconhecida na patologia do cora&#231;&#227;o esquerdo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a>&#44; mas permanece incerta no contexto da IC direita&#46; Estudos sugerem que este sistema se encontra hiperativado na HP&#44; integrando um mecanismo compensat&#243;rio&#44; embora com efeitos delet&#233;rios a longo prazo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a>&#46; No entanto&#44; ainda se sabe pouco relativamente &#224;s altera&#231;&#245;es de sinaliza&#231;&#227;o do eixo no contexto de HP&#46; Dois estudos independentes reportaram que alguns polimorfismos da enzima conversora de angiotensina &#40;ECA&#41; e do recetor de angiotensina II tipo 1 se associaram a progress&#227;o mais acelerada da HAP idiop&#225;tica&#44; remetendo para o envolvimento do SRAA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27&#44;28</span></a>&#46; O hiperaldosteronismo tem sido descrito recentemente como um promotor da doen&#231;a vascular pulmonar em modelos experimentais de HAP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&#46; Maron et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> descreveram uma correla&#231;&#227;o positiva entre os n&#237;veis plasm&#225;ticos de aldosterona e par&#226;metros hemodin&#226;micos &#40;resist&#234;ncia vascular pulmonar e gradiente transpulmonar&#41; em doentes com HAP&#46;</p><p id="par0255" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Forfia et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> demonstraram uma associa&#231;&#227;o entre a ocorr&#234;ncia de hiponatremia &#40;um indicador indireto da atividade do eixo&#41;&#44; IC direita e mortalidade em doentes com HAP&#46; Os nossos resultados n&#227;o revelaram associa&#231;&#227;o significativa entre a natremia e o risco de eventos ap&#243;s ajustamento para as outras vari&#225;veis&#46; Tal traduzir&#225; provavelmente a complexidade dos mecanismos subjacentes e o papel da terap&#234;utica anticongestiva como fator modulador do potencial valor preditor dos n&#237;veis de s&#243;dio&#46; Neste estudo&#44; avaliaram&#8208;se par&#226;metros que de forma mais direta medem a atividade do SRAA &#40;ECA&#44; renina e aldosterona&#41;&#44; algo ainda n&#227;o investigado de forma sistem&#225;tica em seguimento cl&#237;nico a longo prazo&#46; Observ&#225;mos que os doentes que evolu&#237;ram desfavoravelmente exibiam aumento dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos basais de renina&#44; sem modifica&#231;&#227;o dos n&#237;veis de ECA ou aldosterona&#46; Estes resultados apontam para a complexidade dos mecanismos envolvidos&#44; n&#227;o s&#243; no que respeita &#224; modula&#231;&#227;o intr&#237;nseca do eixo como tamb&#233;m na dissocia&#231;&#227;o entre a magnitude da sua ativa&#231;&#227;o e a gravidade da doen&#231;a&#46; Poss&#237;veis explica&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o a presen&#231;a de outros estados de hiperaldosteronismo &#40;ex&#46; hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#233;mica&#41;&#44; diferen&#231;as interindividuais na homeostasia do s&#243;dio e fatores regulat&#243;rios circadianos da s&#237;ntese aldosterona<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a>&#46; Os nossos resultados remetem para o potencial papel de estrat&#233;gias terap&#234;uticas que interfiram com o eixo RAAS&#46;</p><p id="par0260" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A ET1 e a vasopressina s&#227;o p&#233;ptidos com um papel fundamental na fisiologia cardiovascular&#44; apresentando propriedades vasoconstritoras&#46; A ET&#8208;1&#44; para al&#233;m um potente vasoconstritor&#44; apresenta propriedades proliferativas ao n&#237;vel do m&#250;sculo liso vascular&#44; intervindo na patobiologia da HP&#46; Os seus n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos encontram&#8208;se significativamente elevados em doentes com HAP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a>&#44; correlacionando&#8208;se com a gravidade da doen&#231;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>&#44; embora o seu valor progn&#243;stico n&#227;o tenha sido muito explorado&#46;</p><p id="par0265" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A vasopressina &#233; um p&#233;ptido&#8208;hormona sintetizado no hipot&#225;lamo e armazenado na neuro&#8208;hip&#243;fise&#44; apresentando propriedades antidiur&#233;ticas e vasoconstritoras&#46; Os seus n&#237;veis encontram&#8208;se elevados em doentes com IC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a>&#44; contudo torna&#8208;se dif&#237;cil a sua quantifica&#231;&#227;o devido &#224; curta semivida e liga&#231;&#227;o &#224;s prote&#237;nas plasm&#225;ticas&#46; No entanto&#44; a sua por&#231;&#227;o C&#8208;terminal &#40;copeptina&#41; &#233; est&#225;vel e pode ser facilmente quantificada&#44; tendo sido estudada no contexto de IC e s&#237;ndromes coron&#225;rias agudas&#46; No estudo BACH<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a>&#44; n&#237;veis elevados de copeptina estavam associados a aumento da mortalidade aos 90 dias e internamentos por causa card&#237;aca&#46; O valor progn&#243;stico da copeptina na IC aguda e cr&#243;nica foi subsequentemente confirmado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0425"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37&#44;38</span></a>&#46; Comparativamente &#224; doen&#231;a do cora&#231;&#227;o esquerdo&#44; o eixo neurohormonal tem sido pouco estudado em doentes com HP e IC direita&#46; Na nossa popula&#231;&#227;o&#44; observ&#225;mos n&#237;veis mais elevados de copeptina e ET&#8208;1 entre os indiv&#237;duos que evolu&#237;ram desfavoravelmente &#40;com morte e&#47; ou internamento por causa card&#237;aca&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0270" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O sST2 &#233; um membro da superfam&#237;lia de recetores Toll&#8208;like&#47;IL&#8208;1&#44; apresentando uma forma sol&#250;vel &#40;sST2&#41; e outra transmembranar &#40;ST2L&#41;&#44; sendo a interleucina&#8208;33 &#40;IL&#8208;33&#41; o ligando para ambas as formas&#46; Consiste num biomarcador com efeitos pluripotenciais <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in vivo</span>&#44; cuja express&#227;o &#233; estimulada pela deforma&#231;&#227;o mec&#226;nica dos fibroblastos card&#237;acos e cardiomiocitos&#44; estando envolvido em processos de remodelagem e fibrose no contexto de IC&#46; Estudos recentes demonstraram a presen&#231;a de concentra&#231;&#245;es plasm&#225;ticas aumentadas de sST2 em contexto de IC aguda&#44; apresentando rela&#231;&#227;o significativa com a presen&#231;a de remodelagem adversa ventricular esquerda e progn&#243;stico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;39</span></a>&#46; Sanada et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0440"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> demonstraram que a IL&#8208;33 atuando atrav&#233;s de ST2L antagoniza a hipertrofia miocit&#225;ria induzida por mecanismos neuro&#8208;hormonais&#46; Estes autores reportaram tamb&#233;m que o sST2 bloqueia os efeitos cardioprotetores da IL&#8208;33&#46; Shimpo et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0445"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a> demonstraram que em doentes com enfarte agudo do mioc&#225;rdio&#44; n&#237;veis elevados de sST2 foram preditores de IC e morte&#46; O sST2 tem sido bastante estudado em doentes com dispneia e suspeita de IC descompensada&#46; Numa suban&#225;lise do estudo PRIDE&#44; Januzzi et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0450"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> avaliaram os n&#237;veis de sST2 e NT&#8208;proBNP em doentes com dispneia aguda&#46; Demonstraram que os n&#237;veis de sST2 estavam mais elevados nos doentes com IC aguda&#44; apresentando maior valor progn&#243;stico comparativamente ao NT&#8208;proBNP&#46; Em doentes com IC cr&#243;nica&#44; o sST2 demonstrou ser preditor de morte s&#250;bita card&#237;aca<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0455"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43</span></a>&#46; Em resumo&#44; o sST2 tem surgido nos &#250;ltimos anos como um novo biomarcador de gravidade e progn&#243;stico na IC&#44; sendo que poucos estudos t&#234;m procurado avaliar o seu papel na IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP&#46; Zheng et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0460"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">44</span></a> demonstraram num estudo recente uma correla&#231;&#227;o entre os n&#237;veis plasm&#225;ticos de sST2 e par&#226;metros hemodin&#226;micos numa popula&#231;&#227;o de doentes com HAP idiop&#225;tica&#46; Carlomano et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0465"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45</span></a> descreveram recentemente uma correla&#231;&#227;o entre os valores plasm&#225;ticos de sST2 e par&#226;metros dimensionais e de fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita avaliados por resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca&#46; Do ponto de vista hemodin&#226;mico&#44; doentes com pior fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita apresentam aumento das press&#245;es de enchimento&#44; maior stresse transmural com estiramento ventricular associado e maior produ&#231;&#227;o de sST2&#46; Assim&#44; considerando a import&#226;ncia da fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita na estratifica&#231;&#227;o de risco de doentes com HP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0470"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">46</span></a>&#44; com este estudo estabelece&#8208;se de uma forma consistente o valor da sST2 como novo biomarcador de progn&#243;stico na IC direita&#46; Este pode ser integrado&#44; em combina&#231;&#227;o com outros biomarcadores&#44; no modelo de estratifica&#231;&#227;o de risco proposto neste trabalho&#46;</p><p id="par0275" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A adapta&#231;&#227;o do cora&#231;&#227;o direito &#224; sobrecarga de press&#227;o e as altera&#231;&#245;es morfol&#243;gicas decorrentes no contexto de HP foram j&#225; previamente caracterizadas por v&#225;rias modalidade de imagem e particularmente por ecocardiografia&#46; V&#225;rios trabalhos identificaram previamente preditores progn&#243;sticos morfol&#243;gicos e funcionais da AD e VD em doentes com HP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0475"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">47</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; ainda n&#227;o est&#225; completamente estabelecida a rela&#231;&#227;o existente entre a distor&#231;&#227;o anat&#243;mica&#47;dilata&#231;&#227;o cavit&#225;ria e os v&#225;rios par&#226;metros de &#40;dis&#41;fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; parece existir maior consist&#234;ncia na defini&#231;&#227;o de progn&#243;stico destes doentes para par&#226;metros relacionados com a dilata&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> par&#226;metros de fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0480"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">48</span></a>&#46; Nos estudos de interven&#231;&#227;o com terap&#234;utica espec&#237;fica existe mesmo uma correla&#231;&#227;o entre estes mesmos par&#226;metros e a melhoria funcional dos doentes&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Limita&#231;&#245;es</span><p id="par0280" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudo deve ser entendido como uma avalia&#231;&#227;o explorat&#243;ria&#44; numa popula&#231;&#227;o de doentes com IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP &#40;confirmada por cateterismo direito&#41; de dimens&#227;o relativamente reduzida e durante um per&#237;odo de seguimento limitado&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; a popula&#231;&#227;o inclu&#237;da foi heterog&#233;nea no que respeita &#224; etiologia&#44; dura&#231;&#227;o da doen&#231;a e terap&#234;utica em curso aquando da inclus&#227;o e durante o seguimento&#46; As observa&#231;&#245;es do presente trabalho ter&#227;o que ser prospetivamente validadas em estudos externos de maior dimens&#227;o&#44; antes que se possa perspetivar a sua utiliza&#231;&#227;o como crit&#233;rio de decis&#227;o cl&#237;nica&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; dever&#225; ser avaliado o impacto da dura&#231;&#227;o da doen&#231;a e da terap&#234;utica em curso no desempenho espec&#237;fico dos diferentes preditores progn&#243;sticos&#44; seja dos biomarcadores&#44; seja dos par&#226;metros anat&#243;micos e funcionais da AD e VD&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="par0285" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Neste estudo prospetivo demonstr&#225;mos que v&#225;rios novos biomarcadores &#40;MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina&#44; copeptina&#44; ET1&#44; MR&#8208;proADM e sST2&#41; juntamente com o NT&#8208;proBNP e os par&#226;metros dimensionais e de fun&#231;&#227;o das cavidades card&#237;acas direitas constituem preditores progn&#243;sticos relevantes em doentes com IC direita secund&#225;ria a HP&#46; Al&#233;m disso&#44; demonstr&#225;mos&#44; pela primeira vez&#44; que a avalia&#231;&#227;o conjugada dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2 sintetizada num <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador&#44; melhora a acuidade da estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica&#46; Este <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador possibilitou a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos doentes de alto risco&#44; os quais poder&#227;o eventualmente beneficiar de interven&#231;&#245;es terap&#234;uticas multidisciplinares intensivas precoces&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0145">Responsabilidades &#233;ticas</span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0150">Prote&#231;&#227;o de pessoas e animais</span><p id="par0290" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que para esta investiga&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o se realizaram experi&#234;ncias em seres humanos e&#47;ou animais&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0085" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0155">Confidencialidade dos dados</span><p id="par0295" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que n&#227;o aparecem dados de pacientes neste artigo&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0090" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0160">Direito &#224; privacidade e consentimento escrito</span><p id="par0300" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que n&#227;o aparecem dados de pacientes neste artigo&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0095" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0165">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0305" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introdu&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A hipertens&#227;o pulmonar &#40;HP&#41; compreende um grupo de doen&#231;as progressivas caracterizadas por aumento na resist&#234;ncia vascular pulmonar&#44; conduzindo a fal&#234;ncia ventricular direita e morte prematura&#46; A estratifica&#231;&#227;o de risco &#233; fundamental para a avalia&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica e orienta&#231;&#227;o terap&#234;utica&#44; sendo que a acuidade dos par&#226;metros convencionais &#233; limitada&#44; sobretudo no que respeita aos biomarcadores&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0115" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Determinar o valor progn&#243;stico de um painel de novos biomarcadores e avaliar o benef&#237;cio da sua conjuga&#231;&#227;o num <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador para predi&#231;&#227;o de morbimortalidade na HP&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Metodologia</span><p id="spar0120" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudo de coorte prospetivo de doentes com HP submetidos a avalia&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica&#44; ecocardiogr&#225;fica e laboratorial&#44; incluindo doseamento da por&#231;&#227;o N&#8208;terminal do p&#233;ptido natriur&#233;tico cerebral &#40;NT&#8208;proBNP&#41; e dos seguintes novos biomarcadores&#58; por&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dio&#8208;regional da pro&#8208;adrenomedulina &#40;MR&#8208;proADM&#41;&#44; copeptina&#44; endotelina&#8208;1&#44; por&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dio&#8208;regional da pr&#243;&#8208;hormona ANP &#40;MR&#8208;proANP&#41; e recetor sol&#250;vel da interleucina&#8208;33 &#40;sST2&#41;&#46; Determinou&#8208;se a acuidade dos diferentes par&#226;metros de avalia&#231;&#227;o na predi&#231;&#227;o de morte por qualquer causa e de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca&#46; Concebeu&#8208;se um <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador a partir da distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de novos biomarcadores e a sua acuidade progn&#243;stica incremental foi avaliada comparativamente aos marcadores convencionais&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Resultados</span><p id="spar0125" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Inclu&#237;ram&#8208;se 43 doentes com HP &#40;72&#44;1&#37; sexo feminino&#59; 59 &#177; 15 anos&#41;&#46; A maioria dos doentes &#40;65&#44;1&#37;&#41; tinha HP&#44; grupo 1&#46; Durante um seguimento mediano de 34 meses&#44; 26&#37; dos doentes &#40;n &#61; 11&#41; faleceram e 35&#37; &#40;n &#61; 15&#41; foram hospitalizados por causa card&#237;aca&#46; Os diferentes par&#226;metros dimensionais ventriculares e auriculares&#44; bem como a menor fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea ventricular direita&#44; foram preditores progn&#243;sticos relevantes&#46; Relativamente aos biomarcadores&#44; foram preditores independentes de mortalidade o NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;log&#41; &#40;hazard ratio &#91;HR&#93;&#58; 31&#44;14&#59; intervalo de confian&#231;a a 95&#37; &#91;IC95&#37;&#93;&#58; 3&#44;12&#8208;310&#44;7&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;003&#41; e a renina &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;02&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;005&#8208;1&#44;038&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;009&#41;&#44; e do risco de morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o o MR&#8208;proANP &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;008&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;004&#8208;1&#44;011&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;001&#41; e o sST2 &#40;HR&#58; 1&#44;005&#59; IC95&#37; 1&#44;001&#8208;1&#44;009&#59; p &#61; 0&#44;04&#41;&#46; O <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> multibiomarcador&#44; concebido a partir da distribui&#231;&#227;o por tercis dos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2&#44; foi superior a qualquer dos par&#226;metros convencionais na estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica e possibilitou a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos grupos de baixo risco&#44; risco interm&#233;dio e risco elevado&#44; cuja mortalidade aos tr&#234;s anos atingiu 77&#44;8&#37;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0130" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Uma abordagem multibiomarcadores &#233; &#250;til na estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica de doentes com HP&#46; O <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> que incorpora o NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renina e sST2 identifica com precis&#227;o os doentes de elevado risco&#46;</p></span>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Introduction</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Pulmonary hypertension &#40;PH&#41; covers a group of conditions characterized by an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right ventricular failure&#46; Risk stratification is crucial for adequate prognostic and therapeutic assessment&#46; However&#44; the accuracy of conventional parameters is limited&#44; especially biomarkers&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Objectives</span><p id="spar0135" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To determine the prognostic value of new biomarkers and their combination in a multi&#8208;biomarker approach to predict outcome in patients with PH&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Methods</span><p id="spar0140" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In this prospective cohort study&#44; PH patients underwent clinical&#44; echocardiographic and laboratory assessment&#44; including quantification of serum N&#8208;terminal pro&#8208;brain natriuretic peptide &#40;NT&#8208;proBNP&#41; and of the following new biomarkers&#58; mid&#8208;regional pro&#8208;adrenomedullin &#40;MR&#8208;proADM&#41;&#44; copeptin&#44; endothelin&#8208;1&#44; mid&#8208;regional pro&#8208;atrial natriuretic peptide &#40;MR&#8208;proANP&#41; and soluble ST2 &#40;sST2&#41;&#44; the interleukin&#8208;33 receptor&#46; The accuracy of the different parameters for predicting all&#8208;cause mortality and death or hospitalization of cardiac causes was determined&#46; The prognostic value of a multi&#8208;biomarker score based on the tertile distribution of serum NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renin and sST2 was compared to conventional markers&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Results</span><p id="spar0145" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Forty&#8208;three patients &#40;72&#46;1&#37; female&#44; age 59&#177;15 years&#41; were included&#44; most of whom &#40;65&#46;1&#37;&#41; had group 1 PH&#46; During a median follow&#8208;up of 34 months&#44; 26&#37; of the patients died and 35&#37; were hospitalized for cardiac causes&#46; Atrial and ventricular dimensions and right ventricular fractional area change were prognostic predictors&#46; Log NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;HR&#58; 31&#46;14&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 3&#46;12&#8208;310&#46;7&#59; p&#61;0&#46;003&#41; and renin &#40;HR&#58; 1&#46;02&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;005&#8208;1&#46;038&#59; p&#61;0&#46;009&#41; were independent predictors of mortality&#46; MR&#8208;proANP &#40;HR&#58; 1&#46;008&#59; 95&#37; CI 1&#46;004&#8208;1&#46;011&#59; p&#60;0&#46;001&#41; and sST2 &#40;HR&#58; 1&#46;005&#59; 95&#37; CI 1&#46;001&#8208;1&#46;009&#59; p&#61;0&#46;04&#41; were predictors of death or hospitalization&#46; The prognostic value of the multi&#8208;biomarker score was higher than any of the conventional parameters&#44; and enabled identification of risk groups &#40;the high&#8208;risk group had three&#8208;year mortality of 77&#46;8&#37;&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0150" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A multi&#8208;biomarker approach was superior for risk stratification to any single marker&#46; A score that incorporates NT&#8208;proBNP&#44; MR&#8208;proANP&#44; renin and sST2 accurately identifies patients at low&#44; intermediate and high risk&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Propor&#231;&#227;o &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Classifica&#231;&#227;o etiol&#243;gica &#40;Nice&#44; 2013&#41;</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Grupo 1</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">65&#44;1</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Idiop&#225;tica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Associada a doen&#231;a do tecido conjuntivo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Associada a infe&#231;&#227;o HIV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Associada a cardiopatia cong&#233;nita&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Grupo 3</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">6</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">14&#44;0</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Secund&#225;ria a doen&#231;a intersticial pulmonar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Secund&#225;ria a doen&#231;a pulmonar com padr&#227;o obstrutivo&#8208;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>restritivo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Grupo 4 &#8211; hipertens&#227;o pulmonar cr&#243;nica tromboemb&#243;lica</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">16&#44;3</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Grupo 5 &#8211; associada a outra condi&#231;&#227;o</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">4&#44;7</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Terap&#234;utica vasodilatadora espec&#237;fica&#44; aquando da avalia&#231;&#227;o inicial</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">36</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">83&#44;7</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Inibidor da fosfodiesterase&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">58&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Antagonista do recetor da endotelina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">55&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Antagonistas dos canais de c&#225;lcio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">11&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracteriza&#231;&#227;o da popula&#231;&#227;o</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aur&#237;cula direita</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Dimens&#227;o &#40;quatro c&#226;maras&#41;&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">56<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#193;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">22&#44;5 &#40;14&#44;1&#8208;33&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#193;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16&#44;5 &#40;9&#44;3&#8208;25&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">21&#44;4 &#40;11&#44;1&#8208;35&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Ventr&#237;culo direito</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Di&#226;metro basal&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#193;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">22&#44;5 &#40;18&#44;8&#8208;35&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#193;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#44;5 &#40;10&#44;0&#8208;20&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">37&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>12&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Excurs&#227;o sist&#243;lica do plano do anel tric&#250;spide&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">18&#44;7 &#40;15&#44;8&#8208;23&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Velocidade sist&#243;lica do anel tric&#250;spide lateral&#44; cm&#47;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">11&#44;0 &#40;9&#44;0&#8208;12&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Estimativa da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica arterial pulmonar&#44; mmHg</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">64&#44;6 &#40;46&#44;0&#8208;84&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0090" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos aquando da avalia&#231;&#227;o inicial</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Ureia &#40;mg&#47;dL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">45<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Creatinina &#40;mg&#47;dL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;87 &#40;0&#44;75&#8208;1&#44;07&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Taxa de filtra&#231;&#227;o glomerular &#40;MDRD&#41; &#40;mL&#47;min&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Cistatina C &#40;mg&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;82 &#40;0&#44;76&#8208;1&#44;09&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">S&#243;dio &#40;mmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">140<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Enzima conversora da angiotensina &#40;ug&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">719 &#40;190&#8208;1695&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Renina &#40;mIU&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Aldosterona &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">91&#44;7 &#40;47&#44;4&#8208;181&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">719 &#40;190&#8208;1695&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">MR&#8208;proANP &#40;pmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">151&#44;9 &#40;93&#44;5&#8208;183&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;86<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">47&#44;7 &#40;27&#44;1&#8208;75&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Compara&#231;&#227;o em fun&#231;&#227;o da evolu&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">An&#225;lise univariada de regress&#227;o de Cox</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas demogr&#225;ficas</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Idade&#44; anos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">56 &#40;40&#8208;66&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;98&#8208;1&#44;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;74&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Sexo feminino&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">24 &#40;75&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;47&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;57&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;17&#8208;1&#44;97&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HP grupo 1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9 &#40;81&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19 &#40;59&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;071&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;03&#8208;1&#44;98&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HP grupos 3 a 5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2 &#40;18&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13 &#40;40&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;071&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&#44;36&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;51&#8208;37&#44;72&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas ecocardiogr&#225;ficas</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; dimens&#227;o &#40;quatro c&#226;maras&#41;&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">71<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">51<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;03&#8208;1&#44;13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; &#225;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">38&#44;8 &#40;28&#44;7&#8208;50&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19&#44;0 &#40;13&#44;0&#8208;24&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; &#225;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">31&#44;0 &#40;25&#44;7&#8208;48&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13&#44;2 &#40;8&#44;1 &#8208; 20&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;04&#8208;1&#44;14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10&#44;5 &#40;6&#44;9&#8208;10&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&#44;0 &#40;14&#44;0&#8208;39&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;88&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;80&#8208;0&#44;97&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; di&#226;metro basal&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">57&#44;8 &#40;54&#44;1&#8208;64&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">39&#44;3 &#40;36&#44;0&#8208;45&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;06&#8208;1&#44;20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; &#225;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&#44;0 &#40;25&#44;1&#8208;49&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">21&#44;2 &#40;16&#44;8&#8208;28&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; &#225;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">26&#44;7 &#40;16&#44;8&#8208;33&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12&#44;2 &#40;9&#44;6&#8208;18&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;003&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&#8208;1&#44;13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;005&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;033&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;88&#8208;0&#44;99&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;033&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; excurs&#227;o sist&#243;lica do plano do anel tric&#250;spide&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16 &#40;13&#8208;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20 &#40;16&#8208;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;92&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;82&#8208;1&#44;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;22&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; velocidade sist&#243;lica do anel tric&#250;spide lateral&#44; cm&#47;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10 &#40;6&#8208;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12 &#40;9&#8208;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;026&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;80&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;61&#8208;1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;12&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Estimativa da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica arterial pulmonar&#44; mmHg&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">88 &#40;67&#8208;96&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">61 &#40;46&#8208;76&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;99&#8208;1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;07&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas laboratoriais</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Taxa de filtra&#231;&#227;o glomerular &#40;MDRD&#41;&#40;mL&#47;min&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">58 &#40;44&#8208;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">76 &#40;66&#8208;84&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;90&#8208;0&#44;99&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cistatina C &#40;mg&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01 &#40;0&#44;77&#8208;1&#44;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;80 &#40;0&#44;75&#8208;1&#44;08&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;84&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;63&#8208;73&#44;95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>S&#243;dio &#40;mmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">139<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">140<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;86&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;71&#8208;1&#44;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Enzima conversora da angiotensina &#40;ug&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">30 &#40;24&#8208;51&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">31 &#40;21&#8208;42&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;59&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;99&#8208;1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;39&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Renina &#40;mIU&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;004&#8208;1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Aldosterona &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">138&#44;0 &#40;31&#44;2&#8208;391&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;00&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;999&#8208;1&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;49&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">316 &#40;174&#8208;1163&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#44;40&#8208;37&#44;13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MR&#8208;proANP &#40;pmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;002&#8208;1&#44;007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Copeptina &#40;ng&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Endotelina&#8208;1 &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">142&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>62&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;005&#8208;1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MR&#8208;proADM &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;19&#8208;7&#44;87&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;997&#8208;1&#44;007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Compara&#231;&#227;o em fun&#231;&#227;o da evolu&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">An&#225;lise univariada de regress&#227;o de Cox</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas demogr&#225;ficas</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Idade&#44; anos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">62 &#40;42&#8208;67&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;95&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20 &#40;80&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;17&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;18&#8208;1&#44;28&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12 &#40;48&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;16&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;02&#8208;1&#44;44&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2 &#40;11&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13 &#40;52&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;70&#8208;55&#44;81&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas ecocardiogr&#225;ficas</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; dimens&#227;o &#40;quatro c&#226;maras&#41;&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">65<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">50<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;07&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;03&#8208;1&#44;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; &#225;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">29&#44;8 &#40;23&#44;7&#8208;44&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">17&#44;5 &#40;12&#44;5&#8208;22&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;003&#8208;1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;026&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; &#225;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&#44;0 &#40;19&#44;1&#8208;37&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12&#44;3 &#40;8&#44;1&#8208;18&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&#8208;1&#44;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AD&#58; fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13&#44;7 &#40;9&#44;9&#8208;25&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25&#44;5 &#40;13&#44;5&#8208;40&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;018&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;90&#8208;0&#44;99&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;032&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; di&#226;metro basal&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">54 &#40;48&#8208;63&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">38 &#40;32&#8208;43&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;04&#8208;1&#44;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; &#225;rea diast&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">29&#44;4 &#40;23&#44;4 &#8208; 47&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20&#44;0 &#40;16&#44;2 &#8208; 22&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&#8208;1&#44;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; &#225;rea sist&#243;lica&#44; cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19&#44;2 &#40;16&#44;0 &#8208; 31&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">11&#44;0 &#40;8&#44;9 &#8208; 17&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;03&#8208;1&#44;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; fra&#231;&#227;o de &#225;rea&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">32<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">42<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;90&#8208;0&#44;99&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; excurs&#227;o sist&#243;lica do plano do anel tric&#250;spide&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">18 &#40;14&#8208;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20 &#40;16&#8208;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;96&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;88&#8208;1&#44;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;45&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>VD&#58; velocidade sist&#243;lica do anel tric&#250;spide lateral&#44; cm&#47;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10 &#40;7&#8208;12&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12 &#40;9&#8208;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;17&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;92&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;76&#8208;1&#44;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;36&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Estimativa da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica arterial pulmonar&#44; mmHg&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">85 &#40;67&#8208;97&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">56 &#40;42&#8208;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="7" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Caracter&#237;sticas laboratoriais</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Taxa de filtra&#231;&#227;o glomerular &#40;MDRD&#41; &#40;mL&#47;min&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">66 &#40;52&#8208;80&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">75 &#40;65&#8208;82&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;98&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;95&#8208;1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cistatina C &#40;mg&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;79 &#40;0&#44;74&#8208;1&#44;08&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;90 &#40;0&#44;76&#8208;1&#44;09&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;72&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;17&#8208;17&#44;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;65&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>S&#243;dio &#40;mmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">140<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">140<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;97&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;82&#8208;1&#44;15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;71&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Enzima conversora da angiotensina &#40;ug&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">29&#44;5 &#40;20&#44;0&#8208;49&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">32&#44;0 &#40;24&#44;0&#8208;42&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;83&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;99&#8208;1&#44;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Renina &#40;mIU&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">38&#44;7 &#40;8&#44;8&#8208;84&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;4 &#40;4&#44;2&#8208;23&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;07&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;001&#8208;1&#44;007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Aldosterona &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">89&#44;8 &#40;39&#44;3&#8208;208&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">99&#44;5 &#40;48&#44;7&#8208;177&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;00&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;999&#8208;1&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NT&#8208;proBNP &#40;log&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a> &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1527 &#40;1054&#8208;3529&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">236 &#40;161&#8208;825&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;95&#8208;14&#44;39&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MR&#8208;proANP &#40;pmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">163&#44;2 &#40;153&#44;3&#8208;467&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">112&#44;2 &#40;74&#44;3&#8208;160&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;056&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;004&#8208;1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Copeptina &#40;ng&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">11&#44;8 &#40;5&#44;0&#8208;19&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;3 &#40;5&#44;0&#8208;10&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;07&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;013&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Endotelina&#8208;1 &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">118&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>62&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">77&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;025&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&#8208;1&#44;03&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MR&#8208;proADM &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;02<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NS &#40;0&#44;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#44;53&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;07&#8208;5&#44;95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;034&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>sST2 &#40;pg&#47;mL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">74&#44;7 &#40;48&#44;2&#8208;100&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&#44;0 &#40;26&#44;6&#8208;47&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;003&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;001&#8208;1&#44;008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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                0 => "xTab1341826.png"
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            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "&#42;"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Para a an&#225;lise de regress&#227;o log&#237;stica foi utilizada a transforma&#231;&#227;o logar&#237;tmica do doseamento s&#233;rico&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "pt" => "<p id="spar0105" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Associa&#231;&#227;o das vari&#225;veis cl&#237;nicas&#44; laboratoriais e ecocardiogr&#225;ficas &#224; ocorr&#234;ncia de &#243;bito ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por causa card&#237;aca durante o seguimento cl&#237;nico</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Vari&#225;vel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">NTproBNP</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>234<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>234&#8208;1398<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1398<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MR&#8208;proANP</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8804;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>163<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>163<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Renina</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8804;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>36&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>36&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">sST2</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>34&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>34&#44;8&#8208;68&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>68&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => "xTab1341827.png"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0110" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Score</span> multimarcador de estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Bibliografia"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:48 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0245"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension&#58; the task force for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology &#40;ESC&#41; and the European Respiratory Society &#40;ERS&#41;&#44; endorsed by the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation &#40;ISHLT&#41;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "N&#46; Gali&#232;"
                            1 => "M&#46;M&#46; Hoeper"
                            2 => "M&#46; Humbert"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1093/eurheartj/ehp297"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Eur Heart J&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "30"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2493"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2537"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19713419"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
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            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0250"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Biomarkers in pulmonary hypertension&#58; what do we know&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "V&#46; Foris"
                            1 => "G&#46; Kovacs"
                            2 => "M&#46; Tscherner"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1378/chest.12-1246"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chest&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "144"
                        "paginaInicial" => "274"
                        "paginaFinal" => "283"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23880678"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
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ISSN: 08702551
Idioma original: Português
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2020 Agosto 46 10 56
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