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a maior deteriora&#231;&#227;o da fun&#231;&#227;o renal<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> e a maior preval&#234;ncia de les&#245;es vasculares cerebrais<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#8211;11</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; uma das poss&#237;veis limita&#231;&#245;es da MAPA reside em quest&#245;es de reprodutibilidade<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12&#8211;21</span></a> em dois ou mais registos distanciados no tempo&#44; quer dos valores tensionais m&#233;dios de 24 horas&#44; diurnos e noturnos&#44; quer dos perfis &#40;D&#44; ND&#41; de varia&#231;&#227;o circadi&#225;ria da press&#227;o arterial&#46; Numa revis&#227;o recente de 12 estudos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> foi observada uma elevada margem de varia&#231;&#227;o &#40;29&#8208;92&#37;&#41; das taxas de reprodutibilidade dos perfis circadi&#225;rios da press&#227;o arterial em indiv&#237;duos normotensos&#44; hipertensos e diab&#233;ticos&#46; Acresce que a maioria&#44; sen&#227;o a totalidade&#44; destes estudos de reprodutibilidade do perfil circadiario da press&#227;o arterial resume&#8208;se &#224; an&#225;lise dos perfis D e ND&#44; n&#227;o dirigindo a mesma quest&#227;o a outros perfis tais como <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">extreme dipper</span> &#40;ED&#41; e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">reverted dipper</span> &#40;RD&#41;&#44; cujo valor progn&#243;stico cardiovascular espec&#237;fico difere dos perfis cl&#225;ssicos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#8211;25</span></a>&#46; Outro aspeto menos abordado &#233; a reprodutibilidade da MAPA e dos perfis cicadi&#225;rios em indiv&#237;duos a quem as orienta&#231;&#245;es internacionais<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> recomendam o adiamento do in&#237;cio do tratamento farmacol&#243;gico anti&#8208;hipertensor&#44; propondo em alternativa a vigil&#226;ncia da press&#227;o arterial inclusive pela repeti&#231;&#227;o da MAPA ao fim de poucos meses&#46; No estudo presente pretendemos avaliar&#44; precisamente neste tipo de popula&#231;&#227;o&#44; a reprodutibilidade dos valores da MAPA e dos quatro perfis circadi&#225;rios cl&#225;ssicos em indiv&#237;duos n&#227;o medicados e submetidos a dois registos da MAPA num intervalo inferior a 12 meses&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todos</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados obtidos foram recolhidos da nossa base de dados de registos de MAPA&#44; que cont&#233;m cerca de 21<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>000 MAPA&#46; Para o estudo presente foram selecionados apenas registos de MAPA referentes a indiv&#237;duos com idade superior a 18 anos&#44; sem eventos cardiovasculares&#44; sem medica&#231;&#227;o anti&#8208;hipertensora&#44; n&#227;o diab&#233;ticos e com valores da press&#227;o arterial causal &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>150&#47;95<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg&#44; 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Em cada registo de MAPA de 24 horas procedeu&#8208;se ao c&#225;lculo da FC e da PA m&#233;dia de 24 horas&#44; diurna e noturna&#46; Os perfis circadi&#225;rios da press&#227;o arterial foram definidos de acordo as guidelines<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> pelo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> dos valores noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica &#40;ou pela percentagem de descida da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica noturna <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> diurna&#41; em&#58; RD se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;0 &#40;ou descida noturna &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#37;&#41;&#44; ND&#44; se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> 0&#44;9&#8208;1&#44;0 &#40;ou descida noturna entre 9&#44;9&#8208;0&#37;&#44; D se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> 0&#44;8&#8208; &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;9 &#40;ou descida noturna entre 10&#8208;19&#44;9&#37;&#41; e ED se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;8 &#40;ou descida noturna &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>20&#37;&#41;&#46; N&#227;o foram observadas diferen&#231;as significativas entre g&#233;neros nos diferentes par&#226;metros observados&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">An&#225;lise e m&#233;todos estat&#237;sticos</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados s&#227;o apresentados em m&#233;dia<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SEM se normalmente distribu&#237;dos ou em percentagem&#46; A compara&#231;&#227;o entre vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas foi efetuada por an&#225;lises de vari&#226;ncia com corre&#231;&#227;o de Bonferroni para compara&#231;&#245;es m&#250;ltiplas&#46; As vari&#225;veis categ&#243;ricas foram comparadas pelo teste de &#967;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> ou pelo teste de Fisher&#46; Na avalia&#231;&#227;o da reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios das 24 horas do dia e da noite&#44; e das diferen&#231;as entre o 1&#46;&#176; dia e 2&#46;&#176; dia de registos de MAPA&#44; utilizamos os seguintes testes&#58; a&#41; coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o &#40;R&#41; de Pearson entre os mesmos dados do 1&#46;&#176; dia e segundo dia de registos de MAPA&#59; b&#41; coeficientes de concord&#226;ncia &#40;&#934;ct&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2R&#952;x&#952;y&#47;&#952;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf">x</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#952;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf">y</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#40;&#956;<span class="elsevierStyleInf">x</span>&#8208;&#956;<span class="elsevierStyleInf">y</span>&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> em que &#956;<span class="elsevierStyleInf">x</span>&#44; &#956;<span class="elsevierStyleInf">y</span> s&#227;o as m&#233;dias de cada uma das vari&#225;veis e &#952;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf">x</span>&#44; &#952;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf">y</span> s&#227;o as respetivas vari&#226;ncias<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&#46; Os coeficientes de concord&#226;ncia s&#227;o mais apropriados na avalia&#231;&#227;o da reprodutibilidade&#44; uma vez que representam a dispers&#227;o dos valores em redor de uma linha de identidade&#44; enquanto os coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o comparam esses valores em fun&#231;&#227;o de uma linha de regress&#227;o&#59; c&#41; desvios padr&#227;o das diferen&#231;as e coeficientes de varia&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#46; A avalia&#231;&#227;o da reprodutibilidade entre os diferentes padr&#245;es de rela&#231;&#227;o noite&#47;dia &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">dippering</span>&#41; consistiu no c&#225;lculo da propor&#231;&#227;o de indiv&#237;duos que&#44; ap&#243;s o segundo MAPA&#44; permaneceram na mesma categoria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&#46; Na compara&#231;&#227;o entre os <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o arterial recorreu&#8208;se ainda a uma t&#233;cnica gr&#225;fica de Bland e Altman<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&#44; confrontando graficamente as diferen&#231;as dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o arterial entre os dois dias de registo para cada indiv&#237;duo&#44; com as m&#233;dias dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o arterial dos dois dias&#46; As diferen&#231;as dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o arterial entre os dois dias de registo foram utilizadas para determinar o coeficiente de repetibilidade dos valores observados&#46; Consideraram&#8208;se significativos os valores de p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Resultados</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram inclu&#237;dos na an&#225;lise um total de 481 indiv&#237;duos que preencheram os crit&#233;rios descritos&#46; A dist&#226;ncia temporal m&#233;dia entre os dois MAPA foi de 5&#44;5 meses &#40;1&#8208;11 meses&#41;&#46; As caracter&#237;sticas desta popula&#231;&#227;o encontram&#8208;se resumidas na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Tabela 1</a>&#46; Os valores da press&#227;o arterial de 24 horas variaram entre os dois registos em&#58; PAS 24 horas<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;38<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg &#40;95&#37; CI&#44; &#8722;0&#44;61&#8208;1&#44;39&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;455&#41; e PAD 24 horas<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;26<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg &#40;95&#37; CI&#44; &#8722;0&#44;43&#8208;0&#44;96&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;457&#41;&#46; N&#227;o se encontraram diferen&#231;as significativas entre os valores da PA nos per&#237;odos diurnos&#44;noturnos e descida tensional entre os dois dias de registo&#44; embora com tend&#234;ncia a se observarem valores mais baixos no segundo registo&#46; Como mostra a <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Tabela 1</a> e a <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figura 1</a>&#44; os valores da correla&#231;&#227;o entre os valores tensionais de 24 horas&#44; diurnos&#44; noturnos e descida tensional noturna dos dois dias de registo oscilaram entre 0&#44;41&#8208;0&#44;69 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60; <span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#44; sendo mais elevados para a press&#227;o diast&#243;lica que para a press&#227;o sist&#243;lica&#46; Os coeficientes de concord&#226;ncia foram genericamente mais baixos do que os coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o&#44; embora sempre com significado estat&#237;stico &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Tabela 1</a> mostra ainda os valores do desvio padr&#227;o das diferen&#231;as tensionais &#40;24 horas&#44; diurna e noturnas&#41; e o coeficiente de varia&#231;&#227;o dos valores a partir do primeiro registo&#46; Comparando os dois dias de registo de MAPA&#44; os valores do desvio padr&#227;o das diferen&#231;as oscilaram entre 5&#44;7&#8208;11&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg e os coeficientes de varia&#231;&#227;o dos valores tensionais oscilaram entre 6&#44;8&#8208;9&#44;6&#37;&#46; Utilizando apenas aos valores da descida tensional noturna baseada na press&#227;o sist&#243;lica&#44; no primeiro dia de registo classificaram&#8208;se como ED&#44; 38 indiv&#237;duos &#40;7&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; como D&#44; 216 indiv&#237;duos &#40;44&#44;9&#37;&#41; como ND&#44; 187 indiv&#237;duos &#40;38&#44;9&#37;&#41; e como RD&#44; 40 indiv&#237;duos &#40;8&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#46; Como se observa na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figura 2</a>&#44; analisando a taxa de persist&#234;ncia na mesma classifica&#231;&#227;o de tipo de descida noturna do primeiro para o segundo registo&#44; persistiram na mesma classifica&#231;&#227;o 26&#44;3&#37; dos ED&#44; 51&#44;4&#37; dos D&#44; 54&#44;5&#37; dos ND e 40&#37; dos RD&#46; Em an&#225;lise multivariada&#44; estas taxas de persist&#234;ncia mantiveram&#8208;se ap&#243;s ajustamento para idade&#44; g&#233;nero&#44; &#237;ndice de massa corporal e valores basais da PAS de 24 horas&#46; Dos indiv&#237;duos classificados como D no primeiro registo&#44; 77 &#40;35&#44;6&#37;&#41; mudaram para ND&#44; 19 para ED e 9 para RD&#44; enquanto que&#44; dos indiv&#237;duos classificados como ND no primeiro registo&#44; 68 &#40;36&#44;4&#37;&#41; mudaram para D&#44; 11 para RD e 6 para ED&#46; Os indiv&#237;duos classificados como D no primeiro registo de MAPA e que permaneceram como D no segundo registo &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>111&#41; apresentaram <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da PAS &#40;0&#44;854<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41; e da PAD &#40;0&#44;807<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;005&#41; significativamente &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;01&#41; inferiores aos dos indiv&#237;duos D no primeiro registo de MAPA que mudaram para ND no segundo registo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da PAS &#40;0&#44;865<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41; e da PAD &#40;0&#44;823<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;005&#41;&#46; N&#227;o foram encontradas diferen&#231;as entre g&#233;neros nem nos valores m&#233;dios da press&#227;o arterial de 24 horas observados em ambos os registos i&#46;e&#46; nas mulheres&#44; PAS 24 horas<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>126&#44;9&#47;75&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&#47;0&#44;5 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 126&#44;3&#47;75&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&#47;0&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#44; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>260&#44; visita um <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> visita dois&#44; respetivamente&#41; e nos homens&#44; 127&#44;0&#47;76&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&#47;0&#44;5 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 126&#44;8&#47;75&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&#47;0&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#44; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>221&#44; visita um <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> visita dois&#44; respetivamente&#41;&#44; nem na percentagem de mulheres presentes no grupo de indiv&#237;duos que entre os dois registos n&#227;o modificaram o perfil circadi&#225;rio &#40;127&#47;239&#44; 53&#44;1&#37;&#41; e na percentagem de mulheres presentes grupo de indiv&#237;duos que evidenciaram mudan&#231;a do perfil circadi&#225;rio entre os dois registos &#40;133&#47;242&#44; 54&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#46; Foi poss&#237;vel recuperar&#44; atrav&#233;s dos dados registados nos pr&#243;prios relat&#243;rios dos MAPA&#44; quer o peso quer obviamente proceder ao c&#225;lculo do IMC &#40;&#205;ndice de Massa Corporal&#41; em 178&#47;239 &#40;74&#37;&#41; dos indiv&#237;duos que&#44; entre os dois registos&#44; n&#227;o modificaram o padr&#227;o do perfil circadi&#225;rio e em 192&#47;242 &#40;79&#37;&#41; dos indiv&#237;duos que evidenciaram mudan&#231;a do padr&#227;o do perfil circadi&#225;rio entre os dois registos&#46; Relativamente ao primeiro grupo o IMC variou entre os dois registos de 27&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5 para 27&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#41; e ao segundo grupo de 27&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4 para 27&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A import&#226;ncia diagn&#243;stica e progn&#243;stica da MAPA 24 horas na avalia&#231;&#227;o da press&#227;o arterial e da sua varia&#231;&#227;o circad&#225;ria est&#225; hoje sobejamente demonstrada e recomendada nas <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">guidelines</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; permanecem em aberto quest&#245;es relacionadas com a reprodutibilidade dos seus valores e dos perfis baseados na MAPA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a>&#46; Praticamente todos os estudos de reprodutibilidade dos perfis circadi&#225;rios da MAPA de 24 horas t&#234;m&#8208;se circunscrito &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o dos perfis D <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">e</span> ND<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#44; para al&#233;m da rela&#231;&#227;o que tem sido estabelecida do perfil ND com acr&#233;scimos de risco cardiovascular e de les&#227;o &#243;rg&#227;o alvo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;25&#44;33&#8211;37</span></a>&#46; Um dos aspetos mais relevantes do presente estudo residiu na an&#225;lise da reprodutibilidade em dois registos de MAPA efetuados em indiv&#237;duos n&#227;o medicados e num intervalo inferior a 12 meses&#44; n&#227;o apenas daqueles dois perfis circadi&#225;rios D <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">e</span> ND<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#44; mas sim dos v&#225;rios perfis circadi&#225;rios da press&#227;o arterial &#40;perfis D&#44; ND&#44; ED e RD&#41; que t&#234;m sido associados<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;11&#44;38&#8211;40</span></a> de forma independente a n&#237;veis diversos de risco cardiovascular&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O nosso estudo confirma os resultados de outros da boa reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios da press&#227;o arterial de 24 horas&#44; independentemente dos registos de MAPA serem separados por v&#225;rias semanas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;41&#44;42</span></a> ou meses<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;19&#44;43</span></a>&#46; No estudo presente&#44; os valores m&#233;dios da press&#227;o arterial de 24 horas&#44; diurnos e noturnos&#44; n&#227;o foram significativamente diferentes entre os dois MAPA&#46; Igualmente&#44; foram significativos os coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o e de concord&#226;ncia entre os valores da MAPA equivalentes avaliados nos dois registos efetuados&#46; Os desvios padr&#227;o das diferen&#231;as da PA de 24 horas variaram entre 5&#44;7&#8208;8&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg com coeficientes de varia&#231;&#227;o de 6&#44;8&#8208;7&#44;1&#37;&#44; o que est&#225; dentro dos limites observados em outros estudos com MAPA separados por semanas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;41&#44;42</span></a> ou meses<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;19&#44;43</span></a>&#46; Embora melhores &#237;ndices de reprodutibilidade possam ser encontrados com o recurso a intervalos curtos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> entre os dois MAPA ou a per&#237;odos de registos longos de 48 horas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;44</span></a>&#44; &#233; importante real&#231;ar que estes procedimentos est&#227;o fora da pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica comum&#44; sendo de extrapola&#231;&#227;o dif&#237;cil face ao risco de os doentes n&#227;o aceitarem nem aderirem a registos cont&#237;nuos de mais de 24 horas&#46; Por contraste&#44; o nosso estudo pretendeu abordar esta quest&#227;o na l&#243;gica da pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#44; i&#46;e&#46;&#44; em que a repeti&#231;&#227;o da MAPA est&#225; inserida num algoritmo decorrente da sua utiliza&#231;&#227;o na decis&#227;o m&#233;dica pr&#225;tica e clinicamente oportuna&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente estudo&#44; n&#227;o encontramos diferen&#231;as significativas nos par&#226;metros da MAPA entre g&#233;neros&#44; o que contraria resultados de alguns autores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14&#44;45</span></a> que observaram uma maior variabilidade tensional na mulher <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> homem&#44; mas que confirma os resultados de outros<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;42&#44;43</span></a>&#46; O facto de termos eliminado a primeira hora do registo da MAPA pode ter exclu&#237;do a rea&#231;&#227;o de alerta que&#44; segundo alguns autores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14&#44;45</span></a>&#44; explica algumas diferen&#231;as observadas entre g&#233;neros&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No estudo presente&#44; encontramos no primeiro registo de MAPA cerca de 45&#37; de indiv&#237;duos D&#44; 39&#37; de indiv&#237;duos ND <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">e</span> 8&#37; de indiv&#237;duos ED <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">8&#37; de</span> RD&#46; Esta distribui&#231;&#227;o dos perfis circadi&#225;rios da PA &#233; semelhante &#224; observada em outros estudos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0450"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; no segundo MAPA a taxa de persist&#234;ncia dos padr&#245;es D e ND n&#227;o ultrapassou 55&#37;&#44; sendo ainda inferior nos indiv&#237;duos inicialmente classificados como ED <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ou</span> RD&#46; Estudos com uma dimens&#227;o amostral semelhante &#224; nossa<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22&#44;46&#44;47</span></a> verificaram uma taxa de persist&#234;ncia do padr&#227;o D mais elevada&#44; mas num contexto em que apenas os padr&#245;es D <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">e</span> ND foram analisados&#46; O nosso estudo estende esta relativamente baixa reprodutibilidade dos perfis circadi&#225;rios tamb&#233;m&#44; e sobretudo&#44; aos outros padr&#245;es circadi&#225;rios designados por ED e RD&#46; Este dado parece importante&#44; pois a divis&#227;o entre D e ND &#233; demasiado simplista&#46; De facto&#44; a maior parte dos estudos j&#225; citados<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;5&#44;7&#44;12&#8211;15&#44;19&#8211;24&#44;29&#44;30&#44;32&#44;35&#8211;37&#44;41&#8211;43&#44;46</span></a> tem inclu&#237;do os ED nos indiv&#237;duos dippers e os RD nos ND&#46; Para al&#233;m de cada um destes perfis representar um risco cardiovascular independente<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0440"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38&#44;39</span></a>&#44; esta simplifica&#231;&#227;o pode criar uma falsa supraestima&#231;&#227;o da reprodutibilidade dos D e ND&#46; O nosso estudo mostra que deve ser considerada a baixa reprodutibilidade global de todos os perfis circadi&#225;rios quando se pretende utiliz&#225;&#8208;los como preditores de risco cardiovascular&#46; &#192; semelhan&#231;a de outros estudos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&#44; verificamos que o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o arterial foi mais baixo nos indiv&#237;duos D do que no segundo MAPA persistiram nesta classifica&#231;&#227;o que nos indiv&#237;duos que transitaram do perfil D para ND&#46; Este dado sugere que a an&#225;lise do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> noite&#47;dia pode ajudar a identificar os indiv&#237;duos mais e menos prop&#237;cios a mudarem&#44; ou n&#227;o&#44; do perfil D para o perfil ND&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O estudo presente n&#227;o &#233; isento de limita&#231;&#245;es pois&#44; apesar das tentativas de criar para cada indiv&#237;duo condi&#231;&#245;es semelhantes nos dois MAPA&#44; n&#227;o &#233; poss&#237;vel excluir entre ambas algumas diferen&#231;as de temperatura ambiente&#44; de atividade f&#237;sica&#44; de qualidade do repouso noturno&#44; de modifica&#231;&#245;es de estilos de vida&#44; altera&#231;&#245;es na alimenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; etc&#46;&#44; que podem influenciar a m&#233;dio prazo os valores e os perfis da press&#227;o arterial&#46; Contudo&#44; o facto de o IMC se ter mantido entre os dois registos reduz&#44; embora n&#227;o anule&#44; o risco dessas influ&#234;ncias&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">V&#225;rios estudos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0445"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39&#44;48&#8211;50</span></a> t&#234;m mostrado que&#44; no que concerne ao poder preditivo de risco cardiovascular da MAPA&#44; o valor absoluto da press&#227;o noturna assumida como vari&#225;vel cont&#237;nua &#233; um preditor de risco cardiovascular muito mais rigoroso e potente que quaisquer altera&#231;&#245;es do perfil circadi&#225;rio da press&#227;o arterial&#46; Este facto poder&#8208;se&#8208;&#224; dever &#224; reduzida reprodutibilidade dos perfis circadi&#225;rios&#44; ao contr&#225;rio da excelente reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios da press&#227;o arterial extra&#237;dos da MAPA&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em conclus&#227;o&#44; o nosso estudo permite mostrar que&#44; em indiv&#237;duos de risco cardiovascular global ligeiro ou moderado n&#227;o medicados&#44; observa&#8208;se uma elevada reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios da MAPA&#44; mas n&#227;o dos perfis circadi&#225;rios &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">dipping</span>&#41; da press&#227;o arterial quando se comparam dois registos de MAPA num intervalo inferior a um ano&#46; Estes dados&#44; ajustados &#224; pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#44; s&#227;o um argumento adicional que atestam a boa reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios da MAPA num intervalo de um ano&#46; Por&#233;m&#44; refor&#231;am a fragilidade da preditibilidade de risco cardiovascular com base nos perfis circadi&#225;rios da press&#227;o arterial&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Responsabilidades &#233;ticas</span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Prote&#231;&#227;o de pessoas e animais</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que para esta investiga&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o se realizaram experi&#234;ncias em seres humanos e&#47;ou animais&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Confidencialidade dos dados</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que n&#227;o aparecem dados de pacientes neste artigo&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Direito &#224; privacidade e consentimento escrito</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que n&#227;o aparecem dados de pacientes neste artigo&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "titulo" => "Resumo"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introdu&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Avaliar em indiv&#237;duos n&#227;o medicados a reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios e dos quatro perfis circadi&#225;rios entre dois registos de pressurometria ambulat&#243;ria de 24 horas &#40;MAPA&#41; separados de 1&#8208;11 meses&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">An&#225;lise retrospetiva de 481 indiv&#237;duos &#40;59&#37; mulheres&#41; avaliados por MAPA em dois dias&#44; visita um &#40;V1&#41; e visita dois &#40;V2&#41; separados por 5&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;2 meses&#46; Perfis circadi&#225;rios definidos pelos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica &#40;PAS&#41; em&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">reverted dippers</span>&#44; RD se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;0&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">non&#8208;dippers</span>&#44; ND se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> 0&#44;9&#8208;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;0&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">dippers</span>&#44; D se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> 0&#44;8&#8208;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;9 e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">extreme dippers</span>&#44; ED se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;8&#46; C&#225;lculo dos coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o &#40;CCc&#41; e de concord&#226;ncia &#40;&#934;&#41; entre os valores da MAPA nas V1&#8208;V2 e a reprodutibilidade dos perfis RD&#44; ND&#44; D e ED em V1 pela propor&#231;&#227;o de indiv&#237;duos que permaneceram no mesmo perfil em V2&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">As m&#233;dias de 24 horas foram 126&#44;8&#47;75&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&#47;0&#44;5 &#40;V1&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 126&#44;5&#47;75&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&#47;0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg &#40;V2&#41; &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#41;&#46; A descida noturna da PAS foi 9&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4 &#40;V1&#41; e 9&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&#37; &#40;V2&#41; &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#41;&#46; Entre os v&#225;rios par&#226;metros da MAPA&#44; os CC oscilaram 0&#44;41&#8208;0&#44;69 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; e os &#934;C entre 0&#44;34&#8208;0&#44;57 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;01&#41;&#46; Em V1&#44; ED foram n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>38 &#40;7&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; D n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>216 &#40;44&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; ND n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>187 &#40;38&#44;9&#37;&#41; e RD n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40 &#40;8&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#46; Em V2 somente mantiveram o perfil de V1&#44; 26&#44;3&#37; dos ED&#44; 44&#44;9&#37; dos D&#44; 54&#44;5&#37; dos ND e 40&#37; dos RD&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Em indiv&#237;duos n&#227;o tratados&#44; a reprodutibilidade a menos de um ano da MAPA &#233; elevada para os valores m&#233;dios mas modesta relativamente aos perfis circadi&#225;rios&#44; sugerindo baixa preditibilidade de risco cardiovascular dos perfis <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">dipping</span>&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To evaluate in untreated subjects the reproducibility of mean values and four circadian patterns between two ambulatory blood pressure monitoring &#40;ABPM&#41; recordings separated by 1&#8208;11 months&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Methods</span><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We performed a retrospective analysis of 481 individuals &#40;59&#37; women&#41; evaluated by ABPM on two occasions&#44; visit 1 &#40;V1&#41; and 2 &#40;V2&#41;&#44; separated by 5&#46;5&#43;0&#46;2 months&#46; Four circadian patterns were defined by night&#47;day systolic blood pressure &#40;SBP&#41; ratios&#58; reverse dippers &#40;RD&#41;&#44; ratio &#62;1&#46;0&#59; non&#8208;dippers &#40;ND&#41;&#44; ratio 0&#46;9&#8208;1&#46;0&#59; dippers &#40;D&#41;&#44; ratio 0&#46;8&#8208;&#60;0&#46;9&#59; and extreme dippers &#40;ED&#41;&#44; ratio &#60;0&#46;8&#46; Coefficients of correlation and concordance between the ABPM values at V1 and V2 and the reproducibility of the RD&#44; ND&#44; D and ED patterns were calculated by the percentage of the same profile from V1 to V2&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Results</span><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mean 24&#8208;h blood pressure &#40;BP&#41; at V1 and V2 was 126&#46;8&#47;75&#46;9&#177;0&#46;5&#47;0&#46;5 vs&#46; 126&#46;5&#47;75&#46;7&#177;0&#46;5&#47;0&#46;4 mmHg &#40;NS&#41;&#46; Nighttime SBP fall was 9&#46;8&#177;0&#46;4 &#40;V1&#41; and 9&#46;6&#177;0&#46;3&#37; &#40;V2&#41; &#40;NS&#41;&#46; The correlation coefficient of ABPM data at V1 vs&#46; at V2 was 0&#46;41&#8211;0&#46;69 &#40;p&#60;0&#46;001&#41; and the concordance coefficient was 0&#46;34&#8208;0&#46;57 &#40;p&#60;0&#46;01&#41;&#46; At V1&#44; 38 subjects were classified as ED &#40;7&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#59; D&#44; n&#61;216 &#40;44&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#44; 187 as ND &#40;38&#46;9&#37;&#41; and 40 as RD &#40;8&#46;3&#37;&#41;&#46; At V2 only 26&#46;3&#37; of ED&#44; 44&#46;9&#37; of D&#44; 54&#46;5&#37; of ND and 40&#37; of RD maintained the same profile as at V1&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In untreated subjects ABPM has high reproducibility for mean values but only modest reproducibility for circadian profiles&#44; thereby challenging the prognostic value of BP dipping patterns&#46;</p></span>"
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribui&#231;&#227;o na visita um dos perfis circadi&#225;rios da press&#227;o arterial&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dippers</span>&#58; D&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Extreme dippers</span>&#58; ED&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Non&#8208;dippers&#58;</span> ND&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Reverted dipper</span>s&#58; RD&#46; Resultados da an&#225;lise de reprodutibilidade pela percentagem de persist&#234;ncia e de modifica&#231;&#227;o destes perfis entre a visita um e a visita dois&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Coeficiente de&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Coeficiente de&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Diferen&#231;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">varia&#231;&#227;o &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">correla&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">concord&#226;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">481</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Idade &#40;anos&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">49<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">IMC &#40;kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">27&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mulheres &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">59&#37;</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Intervalo V1&#8208;V2 &#40;meses&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">5&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;2</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">PAS casual &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">131&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">130&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;11<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;38&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;38&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">PAD casual &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">80&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">79&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;39&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;44&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h PAS &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">126&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">126&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;38<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;42&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;38&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h PAD &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">75&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">75&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;26<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;35&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;52&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h FC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">73&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">72&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;70<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;38&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;69&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;57&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Diurna PAS &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">131&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">130&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;55<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;41&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;34&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Diurna PAD &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">79&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">79&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;52<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;39&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;56&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Noturna PAS &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">118&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">117&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;32<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;56&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;40&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Noturna PAD &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">68&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">68&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Artigo Original
Reprodutibilidade dos valores da pressurometria ambulatória de 24 horas e dos perfis circadiários de descida noturna registados com intervalo 1‐11 meses em indivíduos não medicados
Reproducibility of ambulatory blood pressure values and circadian blood pressure patterns in untreated subjects in a 1‐11 month interval
Miguel Montea, Mariana Cambãoa, José Mesquita Bastosb, Jorge Polóniaa,
Autor para correspondência
jjpolonia@gmail.com

Autor para correspondência.
a Departamento de Medicina & Cintesis, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
b Departamento Medicina, Escola Superior de Saúde da Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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V&#225;rios estudos mostraram que a aus&#234;ncia da habitual descida noturna da press&#227;o arterial &#40;perfil <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">non&#8208;dipper</span>&#44; ND&#41; est&#225; associada relativamente ao designado perfil <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">dipper</span> &#40;D&#41; &#40;descida tensional noturna<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#37; ou <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> PA noturna&#47;PA diurna<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;9&#41; a maior deteriora&#231;&#227;o dos &#243;rg&#227;os&#8208;alvo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;5</span></a>&#44; a valores mais elevados de albumin&#250;ria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#44; a hipertrofia ventricular esquerda<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#44; a maior deteriora&#231;&#227;o da fun&#231;&#227;o renal<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> e a maior preval&#234;ncia de les&#245;es vasculares cerebrais<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#8211;11</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; uma das poss&#237;veis limita&#231;&#245;es da MAPA reside em quest&#245;es de reprodutibilidade<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12&#8211;21</span></a> em dois ou mais registos distanciados no tempo&#44; quer dos valores tensionais m&#233;dios de 24 horas&#44; diurnos e noturnos&#44; quer dos perfis &#40;D&#44; ND&#41; de varia&#231;&#227;o circadi&#225;ria da press&#227;o arterial&#46; Numa revis&#227;o recente de 12 estudos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> foi observada uma elevada margem de varia&#231;&#227;o &#40;29&#8208;92&#37;&#41; das taxas de reprodutibilidade dos perfis circadi&#225;rios da press&#227;o arterial em indiv&#237;duos normotensos&#44; hipertensos e diab&#233;ticos&#46; Acresce que a maioria&#44; sen&#227;o a totalidade&#44; destes estudos de reprodutibilidade do perfil circadiario da press&#227;o arterial resume&#8208;se &#224; an&#225;lise dos perfis D e ND&#44; n&#227;o dirigindo a mesma quest&#227;o a outros perfis tais como <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">extreme dipper</span> &#40;ED&#41; e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">reverted dipper</span> &#40;RD&#41;&#44; cujo valor progn&#243;stico cardiovascular espec&#237;fico difere dos perfis cl&#225;ssicos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#8211;25</span></a>&#46; Outro aspeto menos abordado &#233; a reprodutibilidade da MAPA e dos perfis cicadi&#225;rios em indiv&#237;duos a quem as orienta&#231;&#245;es internacionais<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> recomendam o adiamento do in&#237;cio do tratamento farmacol&#243;gico anti&#8208;hipertensor&#44; propondo em alternativa a vigil&#226;ncia da press&#227;o arterial inclusive pela repeti&#231;&#227;o da MAPA ao fim de poucos meses&#46; No estudo presente pretendemos avaliar&#44; precisamente neste tipo de popula&#231;&#227;o&#44; a reprodutibilidade dos valores da MAPA e dos quatro perfis circadi&#225;rios cl&#225;ssicos em indiv&#237;duos n&#227;o medicados e submetidos a dois registos da MAPA num intervalo inferior a 12 meses&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todos</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados obtidos foram recolhidos da nossa base de dados de registos de MAPA&#44; que cont&#233;m cerca de 21<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>000 MAPA&#46; Para o estudo presente foram selecionados apenas registos de MAPA referentes a indiv&#237;duos com idade superior a 18 anos&#44; sem eventos cardiovasculares&#44; sem medica&#231;&#227;o anti&#8208;hipertensora&#44; n&#227;o diab&#233;ticos e com valores da press&#227;o arterial causal &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>150&#47;95<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg&#44; a quem foi solicitado MAPA pelos cl&#237;nicos assistentes&#46; Todos os indiv&#237;duos&#44; ponderados os valores tensionais e restantes fatores de risco cardiovascular&#44; apresentavam&#8208;se segundo o algoritmo proposto nas <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">guidelines</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> no escal&#227;o de risco ligeiro&#47;moderado ou inferior&#46; S&#243; se inclu&#237;ram indiv&#237;duos a quem&#44; segundo crit&#233;rios desses cl&#237;nicos&#44; foi solicitado no espa&#231;o temporal inferior a 12 meses um segundo MAPA&#44; na condi&#231;&#227;o de se manterem sem tratamento farmacol&#243;gico&#46; Foram exclu&#237;dos indiv&#237;duos que&#44; no intervalo entre os dois MAPA&#44; utilizaram qualquer terap&#234;utica anti&#8208;hipertensora ou que apresentaram uma varia&#231;&#227;o ponderal superior a 5&#37; ou que exibiram qualquer complica&#231;&#227;o cardiovascular incluindo arritmias&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">MAPA 24 horas</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Todos os indiv&#237;duos selecionados foram submetidos de acordo com os crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o a dois registos de MAPA de 25 horas &#40;SpaceLabs 90207&#44; Redmond&#44; WA&#44; EUA&#41;&#44; correspondendo a dois dias normais de trabalho ou equivalente &#40;20&#47;20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min dia&#44; 30&#47;30 minutos durante noite&#41; colocado entre as 08&#46;00 e as 10&#46;00 horas da manh&#227;&#46; Para efeitos de an&#225;lise&#44; foram exclu&#237;dos os dados da primeira hora dos registos&#44; ficando para avalia&#231;&#227;o as 24 horas subsequentes utilizando&#8208;se para c&#225;lculo da PA diurna e noturna os hor&#225;rios por cada indiv&#237;duo no di&#225;rio &#40;deitar e levantar&#41;&#44; mas situados obrigatoriamente no intervalo de levantar entre as 07&#46;00 e as 09&#46;00 horas da manh&#227; e a hora de deitar entre as 23&#46;00 e as 01&#46;00 horas da noite&#46; Apenas se consideraram registos com mais de 85&#37; de medi&#231;&#245;es v&#225;lidas&#46; Todos os procedimentos de coloca&#231;&#227;o e leitura foram efetuados segundo o descrito mais pormenorizadamente em trabalhos anteriores do nosso grupo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26&#8211;28</span></a>&#46; Em cada registo de MAPA de 24 horas procedeu&#8208;se ao c&#225;lculo da FC e da PA m&#233;dia de 24 horas&#44; diurna e noturna&#46; Os perfis circadi&#225;rios da press&#227;o arterial foram definidos de acordo as guidelines<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> pelo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> dos valores noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica &#40;ou pela percentagem de descida da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica noturna <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> diurna&#41; em&#58; RD se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;0 &#40;ou descida noturna &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#37;&#41;&#44; ND&#44; se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> 0&#44;9&#8208;1&#44;0 &#40;ou descida noturna entre 9&#44;9&#8208;0&#37;&#44; D se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> 0&#44;8&#8208; &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;9 &#40;ou descida noturna entre 10&#8208;19&#44;9&#37;&#41; e ED se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;8 &#40;ou descida noturna &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>20&#37;&#41;&#46; N&#227;o foram observadas diferen&#231;as significativas entre g&#233;neros nos diferentes par&#226;metros observados&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">An&#225;lise e m&#233;todos estat&#237;sticos</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os dados s&#227;o apresentados em m&#233;dia<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SEM se normalmente distribu&#237;dos ou em percentagem&#46; A compara&#231;&#227;o entre vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas foi efetuada por an&#225;lises de vari&#226;ncia com corre&#231;&#227;o de Bonferroni para compara&#231;&#245;es m&#250;ltiplas&#46; As vari&#225;veis categ&#243;ricas foram comparadas pelo teste de &#967;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> ou pelo teste de Fisher&#46; Na avalia&#231;&#227;o da reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios das 24 horas do dia e da noite&#44; e das diferen&#231;as entre o 1&#46;&#176; dia e 2&#46;&#176; dia de registos de MAPA&#44; utilizamos os seguintes testes&#58; a&#41; coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o &#40;R&#41; de Pearson entre os mesmos dados do 1&#46;&#176; dia e segundo dia de registos de MAPA&#59; b&#41; coeficientes de concord&#226;ncia &#40;&#934;ct&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2R&#952;x&#952;y&#47;&#952;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf">x</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#952;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf">y</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#40;&#956;<span class="elsevierStyleInf">x</span>&#8208;&#956;<span class="elsevierStyleInf">y</span>&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> em que &#956;<span class="elsevierStyleInf">x</span>&#44; &#956;<span class="elsevierStyleInf">y</span> s&#227;o as m&#233;dias de cada uma das vari&#225;veis e &#952;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf">x</span>&#44; &#952;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf">y</span> s&#227;o as respetivas vari&#226;ncias<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&#46; Os coeficientes de concord&#226;ncia s&#227;o mais apropriados na avalia&#231;&#227;o da reprodutibilidade&#44; uma vez que representam a dispers&#227;o dos valores em redor de uma linha de identidade&#44; enquanto os coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o comparam esses valores em fun&#231;&#227;o de uma linha de regress&#227;o&#59; c&#41; desvios padr&#227;o das diferen&#231;as e coeficientes de varia&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#46; A avalia&#231;&#227;o da reprodutibilidade entre os diferentes padr&#245;es de rela&#231;&#227;o noite&#47;dia &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">dippering</span>&#41; consistiu no c&#225;lculo da propor&#231;&#227;o de indiv&#237;duos que&#44; ap&#243;s o segundo MAPA&#44; permaneceram na mesma categoria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&#46; Na compara&#231;&#227;o entre os <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o arterial recorreu&#8208;se ainda a uma t&#233;cnica gr&#225;fica de Bland e Altman<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&#44; confrontando graficamente as diferen&#231;as dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o arterial entre os dois dias de registo para cada indiv&#237;duo&#44; com as m&#233;dias dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o arterial dos dois dias&#46; As diferen&#231;as dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o arterial entre os dois dias de registo foram utilizadas para determinar o coeficiente de repetibilidade dos valores observados&#46; Consideraram&#8208;se significativos os valores de p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Resultados</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram inclu&#237;dos na an&#225;lise um total de 481 indiv&#237;duos que preencheram os crit&#233;rios descritos&#46; A dist&#226;ncia temporal m&#233;dia entre os dois MAPA foi de 5&#44;5 meses &#40;1&#8208;11 meses&#41;&#46; As caracter&#237;sticas desta popula&#231;&#227;o encontram&#8208;se resumidas na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Tabela 1</a>&#46; Os valores da press&#227;o arterial de 24 horas variaram entre os dois registos em&#58; PAS 24 horas<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;38<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg &#40;95&#37; CI&#44; &#8722;0&#44;61&#8208;1&#44;39&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;455&#41; e PAD 24 horas<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;26<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg &#40;95&#37; CI&#44; &#8722;0&#44;43&#8208;0&#44;96&#44; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;457&#41;&#46; N&#227;o se encontraram diferen&#231;as significativas entre os valores da PA nos per&#237;odos diurnos&#44;noturnos e descida tensional entre os dois dias de registo&#44; embora com tend&#234;ncia a se observarem valores mais baixos no segundo registo&#46; Como mostra a <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Tabela 1</a> e a <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figura 1</a>&#44; os valores da correla&#231;&#227;o entre os valores tensionais de 24 horas&#44; diurnos&#44; noturnos e descida tensional noturna dos dois dias de registo oscilaram entre 0&#44;41&#8208;0&#44;69 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60; <span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#44; sendo mais elevados para a press&#227;o diast&#243;lica que para a press&#227;o sist&#243;lica&#46; Os coeficientes de concord&#226;ncia foram genericamente mais baixos do que os coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o&#44; embora sempre com significado estat&#237;stico &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; A <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Tabela 1</a> mostra ainda os valores do desvio padr&#227;o das diferen&#231;as tensionais &#40;24 horas&#44; diurna e noturnas&#41; e o coeficiente de varia&#231;&#227;o dos valores a partir do primeiro registo&#46; Comparando os dois dias de registo de MAPA&#44; os valores do desvio padr&#227;o das diferen&#231;as oscilaram entre 5&#44;7&#8208;11&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg e os coeficientes de varia&#231;&#227;o dos valores tensionais oscilaram entre 6&#44;8&#8208;9&#44;6&#37;&#46; Utilizando apenas aos valores da descida tensional noturna baseada na press&#227;o sist&#243;lica&#44; no primeiro dia de registo classificaram&#8208;se como ED&#44; 38 indiv&#237;duos &#40;7&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; como D&#44; 216 indiv&#237;duos &#40;44&#44;9&#37;&#41; como ND&#44; 187 indiv&#237;duos &#40;38&#44;9&#37;&#41; e como RD&#44; 40 indiv&#237;duos &#40;8&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#46; Como se observa na <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figura 2</a>&#44; analisando a taxa de persist&#234;ncia na mesma classifica&#231;&#227;o de tipo de descida noturna do primeiro para o segundo registo&#44; persistiram na mesma classifica&#231;&#227;o 26&#44;3&#37; dos ED&#44; 51&#44;4&#37; dos D&#44; 54&#44;5&#37; dos ND e 40&#37; dos RD&#46; Em an&#225;lise multivariada&#44; estas taxas de persist&#234;ncia mantiveram&#8208;se ap&#243;s ajustamento para idade&#44; g&#233;nero&#44; &#237;ndice de massa corporal e valores basais da PAS de 24 horas&#46; Dos indiv&#237;duos classificados como D no primeiro registo&#44; 77 &#40;35&#44;6&#37;&#41; mudaram para ND&#44; 19 para ED e 9 para RD&#44; enquanto que&#44; dos indiv&#237;duos classificados como ND no primeiro registo&#44; 68 &#40;36&#44;4&#37;&#41; mudaram para D&#44; 11 para RD e 6 para ED&#46; Os indiv&#237;duos classificados como D no primeiro registo de MAPA e que permaneceram como D no segundo registo &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>111&#41; apresentaram <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da PAS &#40;0&#44;854<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41; e da PAD &#40;0&#44;807<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;005&#41; significativamente &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;01&#41; inferiores aos dos indiv&#237;duos D no primeiro registo de MAPA que mudaram para ND no segundo registo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da PAS &#40;0&#44;865<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;003&#41; e da PAD &#40;0&#44;823<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;005&#41;&#46; N&#227;o foram encontradas diferen&#231;as entre g&#233;neros nem nos valores m&#233;dios da press&#227;o arterial de 24 horas observados em ambos os registos i&#46;e&#46; nas mulheres&#44; PAS 24 horas<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>126&#44;9&#47;75&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&#47;0&#44;5 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 126&#44;3&#47;75&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&#47;0&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#44; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>260&#44; visita um <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> visita dois&#44; respetivamente&#41; e nos homens&#44; 127&#44;0&#47;76&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&#47;0&#44;5 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 126&#44;8&#47;75&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&#47;0&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#44; n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>221&#44; visita um <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> visita dois&#44; respetivamente&#41;&#44; nem na percentagem de mulheres presentes no grupo de indiv&#237;duos que entre os dois registos n&#227;o modificaram o perfil circadi&#225;rio &#40;127&#47;239&#44; 53&#44;1&#37;&#41; e na percentagem de mulheres presentes grupo de indiv&#237;duos que evidenciaram mudan&#231;a do perfil circadi&#225;rio entre os dois registos &#40;133&#47;242&#44; 54&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#46; Foi poss&#237;vel recuperar&#44; atrav&#233;s dos dados registados nos pr&#243;prios relat&#243;rios dos MAPA&#44; quer o peso quer obviamente proceder ao c&#225;lculo do IMC &#40;&#205;ndice de Massa Corporal&#41; em 178&#47;239 &#40;74&#37;&#41; dos indiv&#237;duos que&#44; entre os dois registos&#44; n&#227;o modificaram o padr&#227;o do perfil circadi&#225;rio e em 192&#47;242 &#40;79&#37;&#41; dos indiv&#237;duos que evidenciaram mudan&#231;a do padr&#227;o do perfil circadi&#225;rio entre os dois registos&#46; Relativamente ao primeiro grupo o IMC variou entre os dois registos de 27&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5 para 27&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#41; e ao segundo grupo de 27&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4 para 27&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A import&#226;ncia diagn&#243;stica e progn&#243;stica da MAPA 24 horas na avalia&#231;&#227;o da press&#227;o arterial e da sua varia&#231;&#227;o circad&#225;ria est&#225; hoje sobejamente demonstrada e recomendada nas <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">guidelines</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; permanecem em aberto quest&#245;es relacionadas com a reprodutibilidade dos seus valores e dos perfis baseados na MAPA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a>&#46; Praticamente todos os estudos de reprodutibilidade dos perfis circadi&#225;rios da MAPA de 24 horas t&#234;m&#8208;se circunscrito &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o dos perfis D <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">e</span> ND<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#44; para al&#233;m da rela&#231;&#227;o que tem sido estabelecida do perfil ND com acr&#233;scimos de risco cardiovascular e de les&#227;o &#243;rg&#227;o alvo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;25&#44;33&#8211;37</span></a>&#46; Um dos aspetos mais relevantes do presente estudo residiu na an&#225;lise da reprodutibilidade em dois registos de MAPA efetuados em indiv&#237;duos n&#227;o medicados e num intervalo inferior a 12 meses&#44; n&#227;o apenas daqueles dois perfis circadi&#225;rios D <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">e</span> ND<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#44; mas sim dos v&#225;rios perfis circadi&#225;rios da press&#227;o arterial &#40;perfis D&#44; ND&#44; ED e RD&#41; que t&#234;m sido associados<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;11&#44;38&#8211;40</span></a> de forma independente a n&#237;veis diversos de risco cardiovascular&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O nosso estudo confirma os resultados de outros da boa reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios da press&#227;o arterial de 24 horas&#44; independentemente dos registos de MAPA serem separados por v&#225;rias semanas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;41&#44;42</span></a> ou meses<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;19&#44;43</span></a>&#46; No estudo presente&#44; os valores m&#233;dios da press&#227;o arterial de 24 horas&#44; diurnos e noturnos&#44; n&#227;o foram significativamente diferentes entre os dois MAPA&#46; Igualmente&#44; foram significativos os coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o e de concord&#226;ncia entre os valores da MAPA equivalentes avaliados nos dois registos efetuados&#46; Os desvios padr&#227;o das diferen&#231;as da PA de 24 horas variaram entre 5&#44;7&#8208;8&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg com coeficientes de varia&#231;&#227;o de 6&#44;8&#8208;7&#44;1&#37;&#44; o que est&#225; dentro dos limites observados em outros estudos com MAPA separados por semanas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;41&#44;42</span></a> ou meses<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;19&#44;43</span></a>&#46; Embora melhores &#237;ndices de reprodutibilidade possam ser encontrados com o recurso a intervalos curtos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> entre os dois MAPA ou a per&#237;odos de registos longos de 48 horas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;44</span></a>&#44; &#233; importante real&#231;ar que estes procedimentos est&#227;o fora da pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica comum&#44; sendo de extrapola&#231;&#227;o dif&#237;cil face ao risco de os doentes n&#227;o aceitarem nem aderirem a registos cont&#237;nuos de mais de 24 horas&#46; Por contraste&#44; o nosso estudo pretendeu abordar esta quest&#227;o na l&#243;gica da pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#44; i&#46;e&#46;&#44; em que a repeti&#231;&#227;o da MAPA est&#225; inserida num algoritmo decorrente da sua utiliza&#231;&#227;o na decis&#227;o m&#233;dica pr&#225;tica e clinicamente oportuna&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente estudo&#44; n&#227;o encontramos diferen&#231;as significativas nos par&#226;metros da MAPA entre g&#233;neros&#44; o que contraria resultados de alguns autores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14&#44;45</span></a> que observaram uma maior variabilidade tensional na mulher <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> homem&#44; mas que confirma os resultados de outros<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;42&#44;43</span></a>&#46; O facto de termos eliminado a primeira hora do registo da MAPA pode ter exclu&#237;do a rea&#231;&#227;o de alerta que&#44; segundo alguns autores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14&#44;45</span></a>&#44; explica algumas diferen&#231;as observadas entre g&#233;neros&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No estudo presente&#44; encontramos no primeiro registo de MAPA cerca de 45&#37; de indiv&#237;duos D&#44; 39&#37; de indiv&#237;duos ND <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">e</span> 8&#37; de indiv&#237;duos ED <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">8&#37; de</span> RD&#46; Esta distribui&#231;&#227;o dos perfis circadi&#225;rios da PA &#233; semelhante &#224; observada em outros estudos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0450"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a>&#46; Contudo&#44; no segundo MAPA a taxa de persist&#234;ncia dos padr&#245;es D e ND n&#227;o ultrapassou 55&#37;&#44; sendo ainda inferior nos indiv&#237;duos inicialmente classificados como ED <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ou</span> RD&#46; Estudos com uma dimens&#227;o amostral semelhante &#224; nossa<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22&#44;46&#44;47</span></a> verificaram uma taxa de persist&#234;ncia do padr&#227;o D mais elevada&#44; mas num contexto em que apenas os padr&#245;es D <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">e</span> ND foram analisados&#46; O nosso estudo estende esta relativamente baixa reprodutibilidade dos perfis circadi&#225;rios tamb&#233;m&#44; e sobretudo&#44; aos outros padr&#245;es circadi&#225;rios designados por ED e RD&#46; Este dado parece importante&#44; pois a divis&#227;o entre D e ND &#233; demasiado simplista&#46; De facto&#44; a maior parte dos estudos j&#225; citados<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;5&#44;7&#44;12&#8211;15&#44;19&#8211;24&#44;29&#44;30&#44;32&#44;35&#8211;37&#44;41&#8211;43&#44;46</span></a> tem inclu&#237;do os ED nos indiv&#237;duos dippers e os RD nos ND&#46; Para al&#233;m de cada um destes perfis representar um risco cardiovascular independente<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0440"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38&#44;39</span></a>&#44; esta simplifica&#231;&#227;o pode criar uma falsa supraestima&#231;&#227;o da reprodutibilidade dos D e ND&#46; O nosso estudo mostra que deve ser considerada a baixa reprodutibilidade global de todos os perfis circadi&#225;rios quando se pretende utiliz&#225;&#8208;los como preditores de risco cardiovascular&#46; &#192; semelhan&#231;a de outros estudos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&#44; verificamos que o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o arterial foi mais baixo nos indiv&#237;duos D do que no segundo MAPA persistiram nesta classifica&#231;&#227;o que nos indiv&#237;duos que transitaram do perfil D para ND&#46; Este dado sugere que a an&#225;lise do <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> noite&#47;dia pode ajudar a identificar os indiv&#237;duos mais e menos prop&#237;cios a mudarem&#44; ou n&#227;o&#44; do perfil D para o perfil ND&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O estudo presente n&#227;o &#233; isento de limita&#231;&#245;es pois&#44; apesar das tentativas de criar para cada indiv&#237;duo condi&#231;&#245;es semelhantes nos dois MAPA&#44; n&#227;o &#233; poss&#237;vel excluir entre ambas algumas diferen&#231;as de temperatura ambiente&#44; de atividade f&#237;sica&#44; de qualidade do repouso noturno&#44; de modifica&#231;&#245;es de estilos de vida&#44; altera&#231;&#245;es na alimenta&#231;&#227;o&#44; etc&#46;&#44; que podem influenciar a m&#233;dio prazo os valores e os perfis da press&#227;o arterial&#46; Contudo&#44; o facto de o IMC se ter mantido entre os dois registos reduz&#44; embora n&#227;o anule&#44; o risco dessas influ&#234;ncias&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">V&#225;rios estudos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0445"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39&#44;48&#8211;50</span></a> t&#234;m mostrado que&#44; no que concerne ao poder preditivo de risco cardiovascular da MAPA&#44; o valor absoluto da press&#227;o noturna assumida como vari&#225;vel cont&#237;nua &#233; um preditor de risco cardiovascular muito mais rigoroso e potente que quaisquer altera&#231;&#245;es do perfil circadi&#225;rio da press&#227;o arterial&#46; Este facto poder&#8208;se&#8208;&#224; dever &#224; reduzida reprodutibilidade dos perfis circadi&#225;rios&#44; ao contr&#225;rio da excelente reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios da press&#227;o arterial extra&#237;dos da MAPA&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Em conclus&#227;o&#44; o nosso estudo permite mostrar que&#44; em indiv&#237;duos de risco cardiovascular global ligeiro ou moderado n&#227;o medicados&#44; observa&#8208;se uma elevada reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios da MAPA&#44; mas n&#227;o dos perfis circadi&#225;rios &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">dipping</span>&#41; da press&#227;o arterial quando se comparam dois registos de MAPA num intervalo inferior a um ano&#46; Estes dados&#44; ajustados &#224; pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#44; s&#227;o um argumento adicional que atestam a boa reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios da MAPA num intervalo de um ano&#46; Por&#233;m&#44; refor&#231;am a fragilidade da preditibilidade de risco cardiovascular com base nos perfis circadi&#225;rios da press&#227;o arterial&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Responsabilidades &#233;ticas</span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Prote&#231;&#227;o de pessoas e animais</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que para esta investiga&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o se realizaram experi&#234;ncias em seres humanos e&#47;ou animais&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Confidencialidade dos dados</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que n&#227;o aparecem dados de pacientes neste artigo&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Direito &#224; privacidade e consentimento escrito</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que n&#227;o aparecem dados de pacientes neste artigo&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introdu&#231;&#227;o</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Avaliar em indiv&#237;duos n&#227;o medicados a reprodutibilidade dos valores m&#233;dios e dos quatro perfis circadi&#225;rios entre dois registos de pressurometria ambulat&#243;ria de 24 horas &#40;MAPA&#41; separados de 1&#8208;11 meses&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">An&#225;lise retrospetiva de 481 indiv&#237;duos &#40;59&#37; mulheres&#41; avaliados por MAPA em dois dias&#44; visita um &#40;V1&#41; e visita dois &#40;V2&#41; separados por 5&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;2 meses&#46; Perfis circadi&#225;rios definidos pelos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratios</span> noite&#47;dia da press&#227;o sist&#243;lica &#40;PAS&#41; em&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">reverted dippers</span>&#44; RD se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;0&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">non&#8208;dippers</span>&#44; ND se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> 0&#44;9&#8208;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;0&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">dippers</span>&#44; D se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span> 0&#44;8&#8208;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;9 e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">extreme dippers</span>&#44; ED se <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ratio</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;8&#46; C&#225;lculo dos coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o &#40;CCc&#41; e de concord&#226;ncia &#40;&#934;&#41; entre os valores da MAPA nas V1&#8208;V2 e a reprodutibilidade dos perfis RD&#44; ND&#44; D e ED em V1 pela propor&#231;&#227;o de indiv&#237;duos que permaneceram no mesmo perfil em V2&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">As m&#233;dias de 24 horas foram 126&#44;8&#47;75&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&#47;0&#44;5 &#40;V1&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> 126&#44;5&#47;75&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&#47;0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg &#40;V2&#41; &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#41;&#46; A descida noturna da PAS foi 9&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4 &#40;V1&#41; e 9&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&#37; &#40;V2&#41; &#40;n&#46;s&#46;&#41;&#46; Entre os v&#225;rios par&#226;metros da MAPA&#44; os CC oscilaram 0&#44;41&#8208;0&#44;69 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; e os &#934;C entre 0&#44;34&#8208;0&#44;57 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;01&#41;&#46; Em V1&#44; ED foram n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>38 &#40;7&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; D n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>216 &#40;44&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; ND n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>187 &#40;38&#44;9&#37;&#41; e RD n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40 &#40;8&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#46; Em V2 somente mantiveram o perfil de V1&#44; 26&#44;3&#37; dos ED&#44; 44&#44;9&#37; dos D&#44; 54&#44;5&#37; dos ND e 40&#37; dos RD&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Em indiv&#237;duos n&#227;o tratados&#44; a reprodutibilidade a menos de um ano da MAPA &#233; elevada para os valores m&#233;dios mas modesta relativamente aos perfis circadi&#225;rios&#44; sugerindo baixa preditibilidade de risco cardiovascular dos perfis <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">dipping</span>&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To evaluate in untreated subjects the reproducibility of mean values and four circadian patterns between two ambulatory blood pressure monitoring &#40;ABPM&#41; recordings separated by 1&#8208;11 months&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Methods</span><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We performed a retrospective analysis of 481 individuals &#40;59&#37; women&#41; evaluated by ABPM on two occasions&#44; visit 1 &#40;V1&#41; and 2 &#40;V2&#41;&#44; separated by 5&#46;5&#43;0&#46;2 months&#46; Four circadian patterns were defined by night&#47;day systolic blood pressure &#40;SBP&#41; ratios&#58; reverse dippers &#40;RD&#41;&#44; ratio &#62;1&#46;0&#59; non&#8208;dippers &#40;ND&#41;&#44; ratio 0&#46;9&#8208;1&#46;0&#59; dippers &#40;D&#41;&#44; ratio 0&#46;8&#8208;&#60;0&#46;9&#59; and extreme dippers &#40;ED&#41;&#44; ratio &#60;0&#46;8&#46; Coefficients of correlation and concordance between the ABPM values at V1 and V2 and the reproducibility of the RD&#44; ND&#44; D and ED patterns were calculated by the percentage of the same profile from V1 to V2&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Results</span><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mean 24&#8208;h blood pressure &#40;BP&#41; at V1 and V2 was 126&#46;8&#47;75&#46;9&#177;0&#46;5&#47;0&#46;5 vs&#46; 126&#46;5&#47;75&#46;7&#177;0&#46;5&#47;0&#46;4 mmHg &#40;NS&#41;&#46; Nighttime SBP fall was 9&#46;8&#177;0&#46;4 &#40;V1&#41; and 9&#46;6&#177;0&#46;3&#37; &#40;V2&#41; &#40;NS&#41;&#46; The correlation coefficient of ABPM data at V1 vs&#46; at V2 was 0&#46;41&#8211;0&#46;69 &#40;p&#60;0&#46;001&#41; and the concordance coefficient was 0&#46;34&#8208;0&#46;57 &#40;p&#60;0&#46;01&#41;&#46; At V1&#44; 38 subjects were classified as ED &#40;7&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#59; D&#44; n&#61;216 &#40;44&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#44; 187 as ND &#40;38&#46;9&#37;&#41; and 40 as RD &#40;8&#46;3&#37;&#41;&#46; At V2 only 26&#46;3&#37; of ED&#44; 44&#46;9&#37; of D&#44; 54&#46;5&#37; of ND and 40&#37; of RD maintained the same profile as at V1&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In untreated subjects ABPM has high reproducibility for mean values but only modest reproducibility for circadian profiles&#44; thereby challenging the prognostic value of BP dipping patterns&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Visita um&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Visita dois&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Diferen&#231;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">SD da&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Coeficiente de&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Coeficiente de&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Coeficiente de&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Diferen&#231;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">varia&#231;&#227;o &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">correla&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">concord&#226;ncia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">481</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Idade &#40;anos&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">49<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">IMC &#40;kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">27&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mulheres &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">59&#37;</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Intervalo V1&#8208;V2 &#40;meses&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">5&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;2</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">PAS casual &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">131&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">130&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#44;11<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;38&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;38&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">PAD casual &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">80&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">79&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;39&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;44&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h PAS &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">126&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">126&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;38<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;42&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;38&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h PAD &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">75&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">75&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;26<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;35&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;52&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h FC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">73&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">72&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;70<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;38&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;69&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;57&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Diurna PAS &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">131&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">130&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;55<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;41&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;34&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Diurna PAD &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">79&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">79&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;52<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;39&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;56&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Noturna PAS &#40;mm Hg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">118&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">117&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;32<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;56&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&#44;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#44;49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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          "pt" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caracter&#237;sticas da popula&#231;&#227;o estudada e compara&#231;&#227;o dos valores absolutos&#44; diferen&#231;as e coeficientes de correla&#231;&#227;o e de concord&#226;ncia entre os dois registos de MAPA &#40;visita um e visita dois&#41; nas 24 horas&#44; e nos per&#237;odos diurnos e noturno&#46; FC&#58; frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca&#59; PAD&#58; press&#227;o diast&#243;lica&#59; PAS&#58; press&#227;o sist&#243;lica</p>"
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Informação do artigo
ISSN: 08702551
Idioma original: Português
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2021 Maio 39 18 57
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2021 Fevereiro 78 14 92
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2020 Dezembro 18 7 25
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2020 Outubro 32 18 50
2020 Setembro 36 11 47
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2020 Fevereiro 76 12 88
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2019 Novembro 27 9 36
2019 Outubro 20 8 28
2019 Setembro 29 7 36
2019 Agosto 25 7 32
2019 Julho 31 9 40
2019 Junho 26 12 38
2019 Maio 28 6 34
2019 Abril 13 10 23
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2019 Fevereiro 20 11 31
2019 Janeiro 17 3 20
2018 Dezembro 25 10 35
2018 Novembro 41 7 48
2018 Outubro 74 12 86
2018 Setembro 40 12 52
2018 Agosto 53 10 63
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2018 Junho 32 8 40
2018 Maio 48 9 57
2018 Abril 49 4 53
2018 Maro 84 10 94
2018 Fevereiro 63 7 70
2018 Janeiro 56 6 62
2017 Dezembro 51 12 63
2017 Novembro 56 9 65
2017 Outubro 60 15 75
2017 Setembro 42 11 53
2017 Agosto 46 7 53
2017 Julho 27 2 29
2017 Junho 55 16 71
2017 Maio 60 17 77
2017 Abril 34 7 41
2017 Maro 49 7 56
2017 Fevereiro 62 18 80
2017 Janeiro 55 9 64
2016 Dezembro 23 8 31
2016 Novembro 32 2 34
2016 Outubro 30 5 35
2016 Setembro 42 11 53
2016 Agosto 23 9 32
2016 Julho 13 9 22
2016 Junho 4 13 17
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2015 Dezembro 74 44 118
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