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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Case report</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 30-year-old man reported dysphagia and weight loss &#40;15 kg&#41; during the previous four months&#46; Palpitations and chest pain unrelated to physical or emotional stress began two months later&#46; A routine annual visit to the occupational medicine clinic revealed normal physical examination and laboratory tests&#46; The chest X-ray &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>A&#41; suggested a diagnosis of dextrocardia that was not observed on previous annual chest X-rays&#44; and the ECG &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>B&#41; was normal&#46; Outpatient echocardiography was also normal&#46; The patient was referred to the cardiology department for further investigation&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Computed tomography &#40;CT&#41; scan &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>&#41; showed a large well-defined mass 11&#46;2 cm &#215; 7&#46;4 cm in diameter projecting into the right costophrenic angle&#44; suggesting a diagnosis of pericardial cyst or bronchogenic cyst&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Echocardiography &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>&#41; was repeated and revealed an echo-free structure containing a septum&#44; pushing on the right atrium and visualized only from subcostal view&#44; which showed a large pericardial cyst&#44; and no other abnormal findings&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Magnetic resonance imaging &#40;MRI&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Figure 4</a>&#41; identified a non-enhanced&#44; well-defined bilobed mass in the right costophrenic angle containing clear fluid with a volume of 70&#46;4 ml&#44; compatible with a giant pericardial cyst&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient underwent surgical excision of the mass &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0025">Figure 5</a>&#41; without complications&#46; Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of pericardial cyst&#46; After three months of follow-up&#44; he was symptom-free and the chest X-ray &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0030">Figure 6</a>&#41; showed no signs of dextrocardia&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0025"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0030"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discussion</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pericardial cysts are rare benign structures&#44; most frequently located in the right costophrenic angle&#44; but may also appear in the left costophrenic angle&#44; hilum and superior mediastinum&#46; They may be unilocular or multilocular with diameters ranging between 1 and 5 cm&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> In our case the pericardial cyst was very large&#44; almost 9 cm in diameter&#44; which makes it even more rare&#46; The incidence of pericardial cysts is 1&#58;100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>000 and they represent 6&#8211;7&#37; of total mediastinal masses&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> They must be differentiated from cardiac chamber enlargement&#44; diaphragmatic hernia&#44; malignant tumors and bronchogenic cysts&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pericardial cysts are usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on chest X-ray or echocardiography&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> while MRI and CT can differentiate between pericardial cyst and other solid mediastinal masses&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> The former appears as a thin-walled&#44; well-defined mass filled with clear fluid without intravenous contrast enhancement&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Giant pericardial cysts may cause chest pain&#44; dyspnea and cough secondary to airway compression&#46; They may produce symptoms mimicking tricuspid stenosis&#44; pulmonary stenosis or constrictive pericarditis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Atrial fibrillation&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> cardiac tamponade<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> and even sudden death after a stress test<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> have been reported&#46; To the best of our knowledge&#44; symptoms of dysphagia and significant weight loss&#44; as in our case&#44; have not previously been reported&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Treatment for symptomatic patients with large cysts includes surgical excision or percutaneous aspiration and alcohol sclerosing injection to prevent recurrence&#46; Asymptomatic patients should be followed to monitor for possible future symptoms&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that the procedures followed were in accordance with the regulations of the relevant clinical research ethics committee and with those of the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association &#40;Declaration of Helsinki&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have followed the protocols of their work center on the publication of patient data and that all the patients included in the study received sufficient information and gave their written informed consent to participate in the study&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have obtained the written informed consent of the patients or subjects mentioned in the article&#46; 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Case report
Giant pericardial cyst mimicking dextrocardia on chest X-ray
Quisto pericárdico gigante a imitar dextrocardia na telerradiografia de tórax
Hamad M. Hamada,
Autor para correspondência
hamadmahmoud77@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Ana Galrinhoa, João Abreua, Bruno Valentea, Luis Bakerob, Rui C. Ferreiraa
a Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital de Santa Marta, Lisboa, Portugal
b Serviço de Cirurgia Cardiotorácica, Hospital de Santa Marta, Lisboa, Portugal
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        "titulo" => "Quisto peric&#225;rdico gigante a imitar dextrocardia na telerradiografia de t&#243;rax"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Echocardiography&#44; subcostal view&#44; with a 87 mm &#215; 88 mm mass containing a septum&#44; suggesting a diagnosis of large pericardial cyst&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Case report</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 30-year-old man reported dysphagia and weight loss &#40;15 kg&#41; during the previous four months&#46; Palpitations and chest pain unrelated to physical or emotional stress began two months later&#46; A routine annual visit to the occupational medicine clinic revealed normal physical examination and laboratory tests&#46; The chest X-ray &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>A&#41; suggested a diagnosis of dextrocardia that was not observed on previous annual chest X-rays&#44; and the ECG &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>B&#41; was normal&#46; Outpatient echocardiography was also normal&#46; The patient was referred to the cardiology department for further investigation&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Computed tomography &#40;CT&#41; scan &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>&#41; showed a large well-defined mass 11&#46;2 cm &#215; 7&#46;4 cm in diameter projecting into the right costophrenic angle&#44; suggesting a diagnosis of pericardial cyst or bronchogenic cyst&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Echocardiography &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>&#41; was repeated and revealed an echo-free structure containing a septum&#44; pushing on the right atrium and visualized only from subcostal view&#44; which showed a large pericardial cyst&#44; and no other abnormal findings&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Magnetic resonance imaging &#40;MRI&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Figure 4</a>&#41; identified a non-enhanced&#44; well-defined bilobed mass in the right costophrenic angle containing clear fluid with a volume of 70&#46;4 ml&#44; compatible with a giant pericardial cyst&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient underwent surgical excision of the mass &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0025">Figure 5</a>&#41; without complications&#46; Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of pericardial cyst&#46; After three months of follow-up&#44; he was symptom-free and the chest X-ray &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0030">Figure 6</a>&#41; showed no signs of dextrocardia&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0025"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0030"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discussion</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pericardial cysts are rare benign structures&#44; most frequently located in the right costophrenic angle&#44; but may also appear in the left costophrenic angle&#44; hilum and superior mediastinum&#46; They may be unilocular or multilocular with diameters ranging between 1 and 5 cm&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> In our case the pericardial cyst was very large&#44; almost 9 cm in diameter&#44; which makes it even more rare&#46; The incidence of pericardial cysts is 1&#58;100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>000 and they represent 6&#8211;7&#37; of total mediastinal masses&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> They must be differentiated from cardiac chamber enlargement&#44; diaphragmatic hernia&#44; malignant tumors and bronchogenic cysts&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pericardial cysts are usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on chest X-ray or echocardiography&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> while MRI and CT can differentiate between pericardial cyst and other solid mediastinal masses&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> The former appears as a thin-walled&#44; well-defined mass filled with clear fluid without intravenous contrast enhancement&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Giant pericardial cysts may cause chest pain&#44; dyspnea and cough secondary to airway compression&#46; They may produce symptoms mimicking tricuspid stenosis&#44; pulmonary stenosis or constrictive pericarditis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Atrial fibrillation&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> cardiac tamponade<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> and even sudden death after a stress test<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> have been reported&#46; To the best of our knowledge&#44; symptoms of dysphagia and significant weight loss&#44; as in our case&#44; have not previously been reported&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Treatment for symptomatic patients with large cysts includes surgical excision or percutaneous aspiration and alcohol sclerosing injection to prevent recurrence&#46; Asymptomatic patients should be followed to monitor for possible future symptoms&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that the procedures followed were in accordance with the regulations of the relevant clinical research ethics committee and with those of the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association &#40;Declaration of Helsinki&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have followed the protocols of their work center on the publication of patient data and that all the patients included in the study received sufficient information and gave their written informed consent to participate in the study&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have obtained the written informed consent of the patients or subjects mentioned in the article&#46; The corresponding author is in possession of this document&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Pericardial cysts are rare benign congenital malformations&#44; usually small&#44; asymptomatic and detected incidentally on chest X-ray as a mass located in the right costophrenic angle&#46; Giant pericardial cysts are very uncommon and produce symptoms by compressing adjacent structures&#46; In this report&#44; the authors present a case of a symptomatic giant pericardial cyst incorrectly diagnosed as dextrocardia on chest X-ray&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Os quistos peric&#225;rdicos s&#227;o malforma&#231;&#245;es cong&#234;nitas benignas raras&#46; Habitualmente&#46; s&#227;o de pequena dimens&#227;o&#44; assintom&#225;ticos e detectados de forma acidental na telerradiografia de t&#243;rax&#44; como uma massa localizada no &#226;ngulo costofr&#234;nico direito&#46; Grandes quistos peric&#225;rdicos s&#227;o ainda mais raros e produzem sintomas por compress&#227;o de estruturas adjacentes&#46; Neste artigo&#44; os autores apresentam um caso cl&#237;nico de um quisto peric&#225;rdico gigante e sintom&#225;tico previamente diagnosticado como uma dextrocardia em telerradiografia de t&#243;rax&#46;</p>"
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Informação do artigo
ISSN: 08702551
Idioma original: Inglês
Dados atualizados diariamente
Ano/Mês Html Pdf Total
2024 Novembro 15 10 25
2024 Outubro 72 37 109
2024 Setembro 73 25 98
2024 Agosto 50 31 81
2024 Julho 44 34 78
2024 Junho 37 31 68
2024 Maio 69 22 91
2024 Abril 55 46 101
2024 Maro 67 25 92
2024 Fevereiro 60 32 92
2024 Janeiro 67 40 107
2023 Dezembro 69 32 101
2023 Novembro 75 43 118
2023 Outubro 55 29 84
2023 Setembro 64 29 93
2023 Agosto 58 17 75
2023 Julho 51 16 67
2023 Junho 67 19 86
2023 Maio 55 23 78
2023 Abril 54 5 59
2023 Maro 58 23 81
2023 Fevereiro 58 20 78
2023 Janeiro 47 22 69
2022 Dezembro 47 24 71
2022 Novembro 72 20 92
2022 Outubro 68 23 91
2022 Setembro 50 30 80
2022 Agosto 75 35 110
2022 Julho 59 39 98
2022 Junho 54 26 80
2022 Maio 59 29 88
2022 Abril 54 23 77
2022 Maro 53 28 81
2022 Fevereiro 90 15 105
2022 Janeiro 93 20 113
2021 Dezembro 51 29 80
2021 Novembro 67 38 105
2021 Outubro 73 42 115
2021 Setembro 83 32 115
2021 Agosto 91 31 122
2021 Julho 63 27 90
2021 Junho 56 25 81
2021 Maio 53 36 89
2021 Abril 74 35 109
2021 Maro 88 9 97
2021 Fevereiro 101 18 119
2021 Janeiro 51 10 61
2020 Dezembro 47 9 56
2020 Novembro 63 9 72
2020 Outubro 62 16 78
2020 Setembro 56 10 66
2020 Agosto 55 15 70
2020 Julho 59 10 69
2020 Junho 56 10 66
2020 Maio 50 6 56
2020 Abril 51 24 75
2020 Maro 54 6 60
2020 Fevereiro 149 20 169
2020 Janeiro 40 9 49
2019 Dezembro 50 18 68
2019 Novembro 27 4 31
2019 Outubro 26 6 32
2019 Setembro 60 9 69
2019 Agosto 19 6 25
2019 Julho 27 12 39
2019 Junho 38 15 53
2019 Maio 28 17 45
2019 Abril 25 23 48
2019 Maro 22 30 52
2019 Fevereiro 32 14 46
2019 Janeiro 19 7 26
2018 Dezembro 32 13 45
2018 Novembro 119 13 132
2018 Outubro 230 23 253
2018 Setembro 67 14 81
2018 Agosto 115 14 129
2018 Julho 59 9 68
2018 Junho 85 7 92
2018 Maio 92 11 103
2018 Abril 90 12 102
2018 Maro 109 6 115
2018 Fevereiro 56 7 63
2018 Janeiro 64 2 66
2017 Dezembro 100 10 110
2017 Novembro 64 7 71
2017 Outubro 82 17 99
2017 Setembro 77 25 102
2017 Agosto 100 11 111
2017 Julho 72 13 85
2017 Junho 56 20 76
2017 Maio 59 5 64
2017 Abril 48 2 50
2017 Maro 72 2 74
2017 Fevereiro 108 8 116
2017 Janeiro 83 9 92
2016 Dezembro 45 12 57
2016 Novembro 44 13 57
2016 Outubro 113 16 129
2016 Setembro 69 17 86
2016 Agosto 39 8 47
2016 Julho 56 13 69
2016 Junho 2 12 14
2016 Maio 9 6 15
2016 Abril 83 3 86
2016 Maro 139 17 156
2016 Fevereiro 139 21 160
2016 Janeiro 144 10 154
2015 Dezembro 128 10 138
2015 Novembro 147 8 155
2015 Outubro 152 11 163
2015 Setembro 134 10 144
2015 Agosto 154 17 171
2015 Julho 173 4 177
2015 Junho 151 8 159
2015 Maio 115 7 122
2015 Abril 154 10 164
2015 Maro 211 9 220
2015 Fevereiro 163 5 168
2015 Janeiro 139 12 151
2014 Dezembro 181 11 192
2014 Novembro 147 8 155
2014 Outubro 212 11 223
2014 Setembro 181 21 202
2014 Agosto 192 7 199
2014 Julho 166 14 180
2014 Junho 157 11 168
2014 Maio 180 3 183
2014 Abril 192 14 206
2014 Maro 233 19 252
2014 Fevereiro 250 12 262
2014 Janeiro 225 17 242
2013 Dezembro 186 22 208
2013 Novembro 187 16 203
2013 Outubro 164 13 177
2013 Setembro 120 15 135
2013 Agosto 110 28 138
2013 Julho 141 23 164
2013 Junho 102 16 118
2013 Maio 100 22 122
2013 Abril 138 46 184
2013 Maro 108 41 149
2013 Fevereiro 97 51 148
2013 Janeiro 43 21 64
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