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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">If you can see&#44; look&#46; If you can look&#44; observe&#46;</span> Jos&#233; Saramago&#44; &#8220;Blindness&#46;&#8221;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#8220;Se podes olhar&#44; v&#234;&#46; Se podes ver&#44; repara&#8221;&#46;</span> Jos&#233; Saramago&#44; &#8220;Ensaio sobre a cegueira&#8221;&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It is said that when the Belgian surrealist artist Ren&#233; Magritte saw a painting by Giorgio de Chirico&#44; he was fascinated because he considered it the first time that someone had achieved the visual representation of &#8220;thought&#8221;&#46; Afterwards&#44; he developed a style in which he constantly challenges observers&#8217; preconditioned perceptions of reality&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the pathophysiology of atrial reentry arrhythmias&#44; it is recognised the presence of functional circuits &#40;dependent on tissue electrophysiological properties&#41; but also&#44; in recent years&#44; fixed anatomical circuits&#44; dependent on regions of myocyte loss with replacement by fibrotic tissue &#40;scars&#41;&#46; Fibrosis can occur in various regions of the LA secondary to ablative or surgical therapy or as the result of a myopathic process&#44; giving rise to multiple variants of atrial tachycardias&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Functional or anatomical factors enable the existence of slow electrical conduction&#44; favoring the occurrence of re-entry circuits&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a> The regions of slow electrical conduction are called isthmuses&#46; Most treatment strategies using catheter ablation are based on detecting isthmuses and their elimination through controlled local destruction of these groups of cells&#46; Thus&#44; the recognition and precise identification of isthmic regions are crucial to the success of ablative therapy&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One of the classic electrophysiological maneuvers for mapping macro-reentry tachycardias is entrainment&#46; In this case&#44; the operator delivers stimuli with a cycle faster than the cycle of the tachycardia under analysis&#44; thus trying to capture the tachycardia&#44; subsequently evaluating the return cycle and therefore understanding whether the catheter from which the stimuli are delivered is located in a region within the anatomical circuit of tachycardia&#46; A frequent secondary effect of this exercise is the conversion of tachycardia&#44; with the need for further re-induction attempts&#46; These electrophysiological manipulations are essentially created to identify the arrhythmic circuit and only in a second phase&#44; the slow conduction region&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the above context&#44; it is understandable that catheter treatment of macro-reentry tachycardias &#40;flutters&#41; in the LA is challenging from an intellectual and technical point of view&#46; In recent years&#44; many electrophysiologists have abandoned performing entrainment maneuvers to focus on carefully analyzing the information acquired through three-dimensional &#40;3D&#41; mapping&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We must recognize that the evolution of 3D mapping systems has contributed significantly to understanding tachyarrhythmia mechanisms in determining the arrhythmic substrate and visualizing the circuit&#46; These systems have evolved&#44; not only in terms of analysis software but also in the elaboration of high-density catheters&#44; which enable the simultaneous collection of a large number of intra-cavity electrograms &#40;&#8220;time points&#8221;&#41;&#46; In this way&#44; it has been possible to add precise information about the circuits of reentry arrhythmias&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this issue of the Portuguese Journal of Cardiology&#44; Cortez-Dias et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> report an exemplary case of the aspects described above&#46; We are presented with the different steps in the careful analysis carried out and the rational selection that the authors make of the resources made available by the 3D mapping system&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Undoubtedly&#44; these systems represent a window into the knowledge of electrophysiological mechanisms&#44; but they also have significant limitations inherent to how technological algorithms analyze temporal events&#46; The analysis based on SparkleMap &#40;Abbott&#41; is an attempt to overcome some of the limitations mentioned above since it is independent of the window of interest &#40;a parameter defined by the interval preceding and after a reference point determined by the operator&#41;&#46; Thus&#44; a sequential strategy of careful analysis of the substrate &#40;voltage mapping&#41; and the circuit &#40;activation mapping using SparkleMap&#41; appears to be very efficient in ablating tachycardias using a reentry mechanism&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">An effort must be made to overcome the preconditioning of perception&#46; Therefore&#44; when mapping this type of arrhythmia&#44; operators must carefully analyze the information made available by the system&#44; adequately interpreting its limitations&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the aforementioned article&#44; we are presented with a technical resource &#40;SparkleMap&#41; that represents another step toward improving the information displayed by the mapping systems&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The author has no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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