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These include pericarditis&#44; coronary artery stenosis or aneurysm&#44; myocarditis&#44; cardiomyopathy&#44; congestive heart failure&#44; valve disease&#44; endocarditis&#44; intracardiac thrombosis&#44; and aneurysms of the aorta or its branches&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Case report</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We present the case of a 42-year-old male diagnosed with BD at the age of 24 years&#44; with only skin and mucosal lesions and currently medicated with colchicine once daily and prednisolone every other day&#44; who developed sudden-onset oppressive chest pain early in the morning&#46; He was attended on the spot by an emergency team&#44; and an electrocardiogram was promptly performed&#44; revealing anterior-inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction&#46; Aspirin 300 mg&#44; clopidogrel 600 mg and intravenous &#40;IV&#41; enoxaparin 40 mg were administered&#44; and he was immediately referred for percutaneous coronary intervention &#40;PCI&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Acute thrombotic occlusion of the distal left anterior descending artery &#40;LAD&#41; was promptly identified &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>A&#41; and aspiration of thrombus was performed &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>B and C&#41;&#44; requiring multiple passages&#44; followed by implantation of a 2&#46;75 mm&#215;18 mm Resolute Onyx drug-eluting stent &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>D and E&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Right coronary artery &#40;RCA&#41; angiography was then performed&#44; and proximal thrombotic occlusion of this artery was also observed &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>A&#41;&#46; Successive new aspirations were performed&#44; complemented by balloon angioplasty &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>B&#41;&#46; During the procedure&#44; new thrombotic material was formed and therefore IV tirofiban and additional IV heparin was administered&#46; Intracoronary administration of nitrates and adenosine was also required due to no reflow &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>C&#41;&#46; Given the high thrombotic load&#44; coronary patency and the high contrast dose already given&#44; the immediate outcome was considered acceptable &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>D&#41; and a new coronary angiography was scheduled&#46; The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit pain-free and clinically stable in Killip class I&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The second coronary angiography&#44; performed after approximately 48 hours&#44; presented a good result from the previous angioplasty of the LAD &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>A&#41; and diffuse disease and distal dissection of the RCA &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>B&#41;&#46; We decided to perform RCA angioplasty&#44; initially with balloon&#44; followed by sequential implantation of three Resolute Onyx drug-eluting stents &#40;2&#46;5 mm&#215;38 mm&#44; 3 mm&#215;38 mm and 3&#46;5 mm&#215;38 mm&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>C&#41;&#44; obtaining a good final result &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>D&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pre-discharge transthoracic echocardiography revealed the left ventricle with normal dimensions and overall systolic function &#40;left ventricular ejection fraction 56&#37;&#41;&#44; and hypokinesis of the basal inferior wall&#46; The patient was discharged on the fifth day&#44; medicated with aspirin 100 mg once daily&#44; ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily&#44; atorvastatin 40 mg once daily&#44; ramipril 2&#46;5 mg once daily&#44; ivabradine 5 mg twice daily&#44; colchicine 1 mg once daily and pantoprazole 20 mg once daily&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After discharge the patient was referred for a cardiology consultation in addition to previous medical consultations&#46; Prednisone was introduced three months after the event by the rheumatology team&#46; At the six-month cardiology consultation&#44; the patient presented free of angina with good functional capacity&#44; and no new cardiovascular events have been reported&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Discussion</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Coronary artery disease is extremely uncommon in BD&#44; with a reported prevalence of 0&#46;5&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> As in the case presented&#44; most BD patients with coronary events had previously been diagnosed with the disease and were on regular treatment&#59; less commonly&#44; coronary complications may occur as the first manifestation of the disease&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In young adults with myocardial infarction &#40;MI&#41;&#44; non-atherosclerotic etiologies such as embolization&#44; trauma&#44; arteritis&#44; spasm&#44; dissection&#44; and congenital abnormalities should be considered&#46; However&#44; in BD&#44; coronary arteritis has been identified as an independent pathophysiological mechanism for MI&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> BD involves widespread vasculitis with multisystem involvement&#46; The prognosis is extremely variable&#59; some patients present only minor skin and mucosal lesions&#44; while others may have life-threatening central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract involvement and pulmonary artery aneurysms&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;7</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Treatment of cardiovascular involvement in BD is largely empirical&#44; and is aimed toward suppressing the vasculitis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Glucocorticoids are administered for years in almost any organ involvement in BD&#44; with dramatic response in most cases&#46; However&#44; liberal use can led to severe adverse reactions&#44; and strategies to minimize these side effects have been suggested&#46; Administering the minimum effective dose &#40;not traditional textbook-based doses&#41; tailored for each individual patient is a rational approach to treatment with corticosteroids&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> The other common systemic agent used in BD is colchicine&#44; which reduces neutrophil counts&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Acute MI can be treated by PCI or surgical revascularization&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> In the case presented&#44; the acute onset and total artery occlusion forced us to choose PCI as the primary strategy&#46; As seen in the literature&#44; our patient presented with severe coronary lesions<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> and an unexpected double coronary thrombosis&#46; Initially it was decided to perform combined PCI of both coronary arteries&#44; but as the RCA procedure was complicated by recurrent new thrombus formation&#44; and since adequate coronary flow was established&#44; it was opted not to stent the RCA immediately&#46; This proved to be the right decision&#46; As is the practice in our catheterization laboratory&#44; both procedures were done via the radial artery&#46; This appears to be a sound option&#44; since in BD an inflammatory obliterative endarteritis of the vasa vasorum&#44; most likely brought about by immune deposition&#44; can cause destruction of the media and fibrosis and thus predispose the arterial wall to aneurysm formation that eventually ruptures&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> It is generally accepted that during the acute phase of vasculitis&#44; the inflamed and fragile tissues are difficult to manipulate&#44; with a high frequency of complications encountered&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> This leads to an increased risk of iatrogenic coronary dissection and secondary aneurysms&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To date there are no specific recommendations regarding antiplatelet therapy in BD&#46; PCI in these patients tends to result in an increased rate of stent thrombosis and thrombosis recurrence during long-term follow-up&#44; which may be influenced by traditional and non-traditional risk factors&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> We decided to apply the standard antiplatelet regimen&#44; without adverse events so far&#44; since at the time of writing&#44; the patient had had no new cardiovascular events&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Conclusion</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This clinical case presents a rare complication of a rare disease&#44; with important implications for diagnosis&#44; treatment and follow-up&#46; Knowledge of the nuances of DB is essential for the proper treatment of these patients&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Beh&#231;et&#39;s disease is a chronic relapsing multisystem autoinflammatory condition&#44; in which cardiac involvement is rare&#44; but among the most life-threatening complications&#46; Treatment is largely empirical&#44; and is aimed at suppressing vasculitis&#46; In this role glucocorticoids and colchicine are frequently used&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We present the case of a 42-year-old male with previously diagnosed Beh&#231;et&#39;s disease presenting to our emergency department with an anterior-inferior STEMI&#46; He presented combined thrombosis of the distal anterior descending coronary artery and proximal right coronary artery&#44; and was treated with sequential primary percutaneous coronary interventions and implantation of drug-eluting stents&#44; but required two interventions due to high thrombotic load&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">His clinical course during hospitalization was good&#44; with no systolic dysfunction at discharge&#46; During follow-up&#44; he has so far had no new cardiovascular events&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a de Beh&#231;et &#40;BD&#41; &#233; uma doen&#231;a autoimune cr&#243;nica e recidivante&#44; na qual o envolvimento card&#237;aco &#233; muito raro&#44; mas encontra-se entre as complica&#231;&#245;es fatais&#46; O tratamento &#233; em grande parte emp&#237;rico e destina-se a suprimir a vasculite&#46; Nesse papel&#44; os glicocorticoides e a colchicina s&#227;o frequentemente utilizados&#46;</p><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Apresentamos o caso de um homem de 42 anos&#44; com diagn&#243;stico pr&#233;vio de doen&#231;a de Beh&#231;et que recorreu ao nosso servi&#231;o de emerg&#234;ncia com STEMI anteroinferior&#46; Apresentou trombose simult&#226;nea da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria descendente anterior distal e da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria direita proximal e foi tratada com interven&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria percut&#226;nea prim&#225;ria com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">stent</span> revestido de drogas de forma sequencial&#44; mas necessitando de duas interven&#231;&#245;es devido &#224; recorr&#234;ncia tromb&#243;tica&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Teve boa evolu&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica durante o internamento&#44; n&#227;o apresentando disfun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica na alta&#46; Durante o seguimento&#44; at&#233; &#224; data&#44; n&#227;o ocorreu novo evento cardiovascular&#46;</p></span>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Left coronary artery angiography and angioplasty&#58; &#40;A&#41; initial injection showing the left anterior descending coronary artery with acute thrombosis&#59; aspirated material from the coronary territories&#44; showing white &#40;B&#41; and red thrombi &#40;C&#41;&#59; &#40;D&#41; placement of a 2&#46;75 mm&#215;18 mm Resolute Onyx stent&#59; &#40;E&#41; final angiographic result&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Second angiography and angioplasty on day 2 of hospitalization&#58; &#40;A&#41; left coronary artery confirming good outcome&#59; &#40;B&#41; right coronary angiography showing diffuse right coronary artery disease from the proximal segment to the crux&#44; with distal dissection&#59; &#40;C&#41; implantation of the last stent&#44; 3&#46;5 mm&#215;38 mm Resolute Onyx&#59; &#40;D&#41; final result of the second right coronary angioplasty&#46;</p>"
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Case report
Double coronary thrombosis in a patient with Behçet's disease
Trombose coronária dupla em paciente com doença de Behçet
Luís Abreu
Autor para correspondência
lmmabreu@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Bruno Marmelo, Júlio Gil, Hugo Antunes, Maria Luísa Gonçalves, Pedro Ferreira, Emanuel Correia, Costa Cabral
Serviço Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar Tondela Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
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        "titulo" => "Trombose coron&#225;ria dupla em paciente com doen&#231;a de Beh&#231;et"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Right coronary artery &#40;RCA&#41; angiography and angioplasty&#58; &#40;A&#41; proximal thrombotic occlusion of the RCA&#59; &#40;B&#41; attempted balloon dilatation&#59; &#40;C&#41; after administration of intracoronary adenosine and nitrates&#59; &#40;D&#41; final result of first angioplasty&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Beh&#231;et&#39;s disease &#40;BD&#41; is a chronic relapsing multisystem autoinflammatory condition&#44; one of a group of heritable inflammatory-mediated disorders characterized by idiopathic attacks of systemic inflammation with a lack of obvious antigen-specific antibodies or immune response&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> BD mostly affects ethnic groups of Mediterranean and Asian origin that have historically settled along the ancient Silk Road&#46; The prevalence of the disease is 80-370&#47;100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>000 in Turkey&#44; whereas it is 13-20&#47;100 000 in Japan&#44; Korea&#44; Iran&#44; Iraq&#44; and Saudi Arabia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Cardiac involvement with frank clinical presentation is rare in BD&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> but is among its most life-threatening complications&#46; These include pericarditis&#44; coronary artery stenosis or aneurysm&#44; myocarditis&#44; cardiomyopathy&#44; congestive heart failure&#44; valve disease&#44; endocarditis&#44; intracardiac thrombosis&#44; and aneurysms of the aorta or its branches&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Case report</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We present the case of a 42-year-old male diagnosed with BD at the age of 24 years&#44; with only skin and mucosal lesions and currently medicated with colchicine once daily and prednisolone every other day&#44; who developed sudden-onset oppressive chest pain early in the morning&#46; He was attended on the spot by an emergency team&#44; and an electrocardiogram was promptly performed&#44; revealing anterior-inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction&#46; Aspirin 300 mg&#44; clopidogrel 600 mg and intravenous &#40;IV&#41; enoxaparin 40 mg were administered&#44; and he was immediately referred for percutaneous coronary intervention &#40;PCI&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Acute thrombotic occlusion of the distal left anterior descending artery &#40;LAD&#41; was promptly identified &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>A&#41; and aspiration of thrombus was performed &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>B and C&#41;&#44; requiring multiple passages&#44; followed by implantation of a 2&#46;75 mm&#215;18 mm Resolute Onyx drug-eluting stent &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>D and E&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Right coronary artery &#40;RCA&#41; angiography was then performed&#44; and proximal thrombotic occlusion of this artery was also observed &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>A&#41;&#46; Successive new aspirations were performed&#44; complemented by balloon angioplasty &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>B&#41;&#46; During the procedure&#44; new thrombotic material was formed and therefore IV tirofiban and additional IV heparin was administered&#46; Intracoronary administration of nitrates and adenosine was also required due to no reflow &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>C&#41;&#46; Given the high thrombotic load&#44; coronary patency and the high contrast dose already given&#44; the immediate outcome was considered acceptable &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>D&#41; and a new coronary angiography was scheduled&#46; The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit pain-free and clinically stable in Killip class I&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The second coronary angiography&#44; performed after approximately 48 hours&#44; presented a good result from the previous angioplasty of the LAD &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>A&#41; and diffuse disease and distal dissection of the RCA &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>B&#41;&#46; We decided to perform RCA angioplasty&#44; initially with balloon&#44; followed by sequential implantation of three Resolute Onyx drug-eluting stents &#40;2&#46;5 mm&#215;38 mm&#44; 3 mm&#215;38 mm and 3&#46;5 mm&#215;38 mm&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>C&#41;&#44; obtaining a good final result &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>D&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pre-discharge transthoracic echocardiography revealed the left ventricle with normal dimensions and overall systolic function &#40;left ventricular ejection fraction 56&#37;&#41;&#44; and hypokinesis of the basal inferior wall&#46; The patient was discharged on the fifth day&#44; medicated with aspirin 100 mg once daily&#44; ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily&#44; atorvastatin 40 mg once daily&#44; ramipril 2&#46;5 mg once daily&#44; ivabradine 5 mg twice daily&#44; colchicine 1 mg once daily and pantoprazole 20 mg once daily&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After discharge the patient was referred for a cardiology consultation in addition to previous medical consultations&#46; Prednisone was introduced three months after the event by the rheumatology team&#46; At the six-month cardiology consultation&#44; the patient presented free of angina with good functional capacity&#44; and no new cardiovascular events have been reported&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Discussion</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Coronary artery disease is extremely uncommon in BD&#44; with a reported prevalence of 0&#46;5&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> As in the case presented&#44; most BD patients with coronary events had previously been diagnosed with the disease and were on regular treatment&#59; less commonly&#44; coronary complications may occur as the first manifestation of the disease&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In young adults with myocardial infarction &#40;MI&#41;&#44; non-atherosclerotic etiologies such as embolization&#44; trauma&#44; arteritis&#44; spasm&#44; dissection&#44; and congenital abnormalities should be considered&#46; However&#44; in BD&#44; coronary arteritis has been identified as an independent pathophysiological mechanism for MI&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> BD involves widespread vasculitis with multisystem involvement&#46; The prognosis is extremely variable&#59; some patients present only minor skin and mucosal lesions&#44; while others may have life-threatening central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract involvement and pulmonary artery aneurysms&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;7</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Treatment of cardiovascular involvement in BD is largely empirical&#44; and is aimed toward suppressing the vasculitis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Glucocorticoids are administered for years in almost any organ involvement in BD&#44; with dramatic response in most cases&#46; However&#44; liberal use can led to severe adverse reactions&#44; and strategies to minimize these side effects have been suggested&#46; Administering the minimum effective dose &#40;not traditional textbook-based doses&#41; tailored for each individual patient is a rational approach to treatment with corticosteroids&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> The other common systemic agent used in BD is colchicine&#44; which reduces neutrophil counts&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Acute MI can be treated by PCI or surgical revascularization&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> In the case presented&#44; the acute onset and total artery occlusion forced us to choose PCI as the primary strategy&#46; As seen in the literature&#44; our patient presented with severe coronary lesions<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> and an unexpected double coronary thrombosis&#46; Initially it was decided to perform combined PCI of both coronary arteries&#44; but as the RCA procedure was complicated by recurrent new thrombus formation&#44; and since adequate coronary flow was established&#44; it was opted not to stent the RCA immediately&#46; This proved to be the right decision&#46; As is the practice in our catheterization laboratory&#44; both procedures were done via the radial artery&#46; This appears to be a sound option&#44; since in BD an inflammatory obliterative endarteritis of the vasa vasorum&#44; most likely brought about by immune deposition&#44; can cause destruction of the media and fibrosis and thus predispose the arterial wall to aneurysm formation that eventually ruptures&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> It is generally accepted that during the acute phase of vasculitis&#44; the inflamed and fragile tissues are difficult to manipulate&#44; with a high frequency of complications encountered&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> This leads to an increased risk of iatrogenic coronary dissection and secondary aneurysms&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To date there are no specific recommendations regarding antiplatelet therapy in BD&#46; PCI in these patients tends to result in an increased rate of stent thrombosis and thrombosis recurrence during long-term follow-up&#44; which may be influenced by traditional and non-traditional risk factors&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> We decided to apply the standard antiplatelet regimen&#44; without adverse events so far&#44; since at the time of writing&#44; the patient had had no new cardiovascular events&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Conclusion</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This clinical case presents a rare complication of a rare disease&#44; with important implications for diagnosis&#44; treatment and follow-up&#46; Knowledge of the nuances of DB is essential for the proper treatment of these patients&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Beh&#231;et&#39;s disease is a chronic relapsing multisystem autoinflammatory condition&#44; in which cardiac involvement is rare&#44; but among the most life-threatening complications&#46; Treatment is largely empirical&#44; and is aimed at suppressing vasculitis&#46; In this role glucocorticoids and colchicine are frequently used&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We present the case of a 42-year-old male with previously diagnosed Beh&#231;et&#39;s disease presenting to our emergency department with an anterior-inferior STEMI&#46; He presented combined thrombosis of the distal anterior descending coronary artery and proximal right coronary artery&#44; and was treated with sequential primary percutaneous coronary interventions and implantation of drug-eluting stents&#44; but required two interventions due to high thrombotic load&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">His clinical course during hospitalization was good&#44; with no systolic dysfunction at discharge&#46; During follow-up&#44; he has so far had no new cardiovascular events&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A doen&#231;a de Beh&#231;et &#40;BD&#41; &#233; uma doen&#231;a autoimune cr&#243;nica e recidivante&#44; na qual o envolvimento card&#237;aco &#233; muito raro&#44; mas encontra-se entre as complica&#231;&#245;es fatais&#46; O tratamento &#233; em grande parte emp&#237;rico e destina-se a suprimir a vasculite&#46; Nesse papel&#44; os glicocorticoides e a colchicina s&#227;o frequentemente utilizados&#46;</p><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Apresentamos o caso de um homem de 42 anos&#44; com diagn&#243;stico pr&#233;vio de doen&#231;a de Beh&#231;et que recorreu ao nosso servi&#231;o de emerg&#234;ncia com STEMI anteroinferior&#46; Apresentou trombose simult&#226;nea da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria descendente anterior distal e da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria direita proximal e foi tratada com interven&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria percut&#226;nea prim&#225;ria com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">stent</span> revestido de drogas de forma sequencial&#44; mas necessitando de duas interven&#231;&#245;es devido &#224; recorr&#234;ncia tromb&#243;tica&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Teve boa evolu&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica durante o internamento&#44; n&#227;o apresentando disfun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica na alta&#46; Durante o seguimento&#44; at&#233; &#224; data&#44; n&#227;o ocorreu novo evento cardiovascular&#46;</p></span>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Left coronary artery angiography and angioplasty&#58; &#40;A&#41; initial injection showing the left anterior descending coronary artery with acute thrombosis&#59; aspirated material from the coronary territories&#44; showing white &#40;B&#41; and red thrombi &#40;C&#41;&#59; &#40;D&#41; placement of a 2&#46;75 mm&#215;18 mm Resolute Onyx stent&#59; &#40;E&#41; final angiographic result&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Second angiography and angioplasty on day 2 of hospitalization&#58; &#40;A&#41; left coronary artery confirming good outcome&#59; &#40;B&#41; right coronary angiography showing diffuse right coronary artery disease from the proximal segment to the crux&#44; with distal dissection&#59; &#40;C&#41; implantation of the last stent&#44; 3&#46;5 mm&#215;38 mm Resolute Onyx&#59; &#40;D&#41; final result of the second right coronary angioplasty&#46;</p>"
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                            0 => "C&#46;C&#46; Zoubloulis"
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                          "autores" => array:3 [
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                            2 => "A&#46; Karimi"
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                      "titulo" => "Atherosclerosis in Beh&#231;et&#39;s disease"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.semarthrit.2007.09.009"
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              "etiqueta" => "5"
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                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Behcet&#39;s disease&#58; new concepts in cardiovascular involvements and future direction for treatment"
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