Mast cells: Promoters of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease?

array:26 ["pii" => "S0870255120300871" "issn" => "08702551" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2020.03.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-02-01" "aid" => "1503" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "copyrightAnyo" => "2020" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "dis" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2020;39:97-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S2174204920301380" "issn" => "21742049" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2020.05.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-02-01" "aid" => "1503" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "dis" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2020;39:97-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Editorial comment" "titulo" => "Mast cells: Promoters of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease?" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "97" "paginaFinal" => "98" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Mastócitos: promotores da fibrose miocárdica na doença hipertensiva cardíaca?" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Rosa Henriques de Gouveia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Rosa Henriques de" "apellidos" => "Gouveia" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0870255120300871" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2020.03.004" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255120300871?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204920301380?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/21742049/0000003900000002/v1_202005210836/S2174204920301380/v1_202005210836/en/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S0870255120300299" "issn" => "08702551" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2019.03.008" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-02-01" "aid" => "1477" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "rev" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2020;39:99-109" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "pt" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Artigo de Revisão" "titulo" => "Novas perspetivas no tratamento farmacológico da miocardiopatia hipertrófica" "tienePdf" => "pt" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "pt" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "pt" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "99" "paginaFinal" => "109" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "New perspectives in the pharmacological treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "pt" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "pt" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "pt" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0030" "etiqueta" => "Figura 6" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr6.jpeg" "Alto" => 743 "Ancho" => 2175 "Tamanyo" => 144226 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "pt" => "Mecanismo de ação de um inibidor alostérico da miosina (MYK‐461) e a sua importância na fisiopatologia da MCH<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0605">55,56</a> Legenda: ATP‐ adenosina trifosfato; MyBP‐C‐ proteína C ligante da miosina." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Sérgio Maltês, Luis Rocha Lopes" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Sérgio" "apellidos" => "Maltês" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Luis Rocha" "apellidos" => "Lopes" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "pt" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2174204920300878" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2019.03.013" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204920300878?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255120300299?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08702551/0000003900000002/v1_202005070648/S0870255120300299/v1_202005070648/pt/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S0870255120300810" "issn" => "08702551" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2019.11.003" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-02-01" "aid" => "1497" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2020;39:89-96" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Original Article" "titulo" => "Analysis of mast cells and myocardial fibrosis in autopsied patients with hypertensive heart disease" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "pt" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "89" "paginaFinal" => "96" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Análise dos mastócitos e fibrose miocárdica em pacientes autopsiados com cardiopatia hipertensiva" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "pt" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1076 "Ancho" => 1422 "Tamanyo" => 68725 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Correlation between collagen fibers and density of mast cells immunolabeled with anti-tryptase antibodies. Linear regression fit=2.96+0.21. p=0.02." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Guilherme Ribeiro Juliano, Mariana Fleury Skaf, Luciana Santos Ramalho, Gabriela Ribeiro Juliano, Bianca Gonçalves Silva Torquato, Mariana Silva Oliveira, Flávia Aparecida Oliveira, Ana Paula Espíndula, Camila Lourencini Cavellani, Vicente de Paula Antunes Teixeira, Mara Lúcia da Fonseca Ferraz" "autores" => array:11 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Guilherme Ribeiro" "apellidos" => "Juliano" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mariana Fleury" "apellidos" => "Skaf" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Luciana Santos" "apellidos" => "Ramalho" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Gabriela Ribeiro" "apellidos" => "Juliano" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Bianca Gonçalves Silva" "apellidos" => "Torquato" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mariana Silva" "apellidos" => "Oliveira" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Flávia Aparecida" "apellidos" => "Oliveira" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ana Paula" "apellidos" => "Espíndula" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Camila Lourencini" "apellidos" => "Cavellani" ] 9 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Vicente de Paula Antunes" "apellidos" => "Teixeira" ] 10 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mara Lúcia da Fonseca" "apellidos" => "Ferraz" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2174204920301380" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2020.05.006" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204920301380?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255120300810?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08702551/0000003900000002/v1_202005070648/S0870255120300810/v1_202005070648/en/main.assets" ] "asociados" => array:1 [ 0 => array:20 [ "pii" => "S0870255120300810" "issn" => "08702551" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2019.11.003" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-02-01" "aid" => "1497" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2020;39:89-96" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Original Article" "titulo" => "Analysis of mast cells and myocardial fibrosis in autopsied patients with hypertensive heart disease" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "pt" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "89" "paginaFinal" => "96" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Análise dos mastócitos e fibrose miocárdica em pacientes autopsiados com cardiopatia hipertensiva" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "pt" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1076 "Ancho" => 1422 "Tamanyo" => 68725 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Correlation between collagen fibers and density of mast cells immunolabeled with anti-tryptase antibodies. Linear regression fit=2.96+0.21. p=0.02." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Guilherme Ribeiro Juliano, Mariana Fleury Skaf, Luciana Santos Ramalho, Gabriela Ribeiro Juliano, Bianca Gonçalves Silva Torquato, Mariana Silva Oliveira, Flávia Aparecida Oliveira, Ana Paula Espíndula, Camila Lourencini Cavellani, Vicente de Paula Antunes Teixeira, Mara Lúcia da Fonseca Ferraz" "autores" => array:11 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Guilherme Ribeiro" "apellidos" => "Juliano" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mariana Fleury" "apellidos" => "Skaf" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Luciana Santos" "apellidos" => "Ramalho" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Gabriela Ribeiro" "apellidos" => "Juliano" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Bianca Gonçalves Silva" "apellidos" => "Torquato" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mariana Silva" "apellidos" => "Oliveira" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Flávia Aparecida" "apellidos" => "Oliveira" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ana Paula" "apellidos" => "Espíndula" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Camila Lourencini" "apellidos" => "Cavellani" ] 9 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Vicente de Paula Antunes" "apellidos" => "Teixeira" ] 10 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mara Lúcia da Fonseca" "apellidos" => "Ferraz" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2174204920301380" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2020.05.006" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204920301380?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255120300810?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08702551/0000003900000002/v1_202005070648/S0870255120300810/v1_202005070648/en/main.assets" ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Editorial comment" "titulo" => "Mast cells: Promoters of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease?" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "97" "paginaFinal" => "98" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "autoresLista" => "Rosa Henriques de Gouveia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Rosa Henriques de" "apellidos" => "Gouveia" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "rhgouveia@mail.telepac.pt" ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Pathological Anatomy, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses, Coimbra, Portugal" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Mastócitos: promotores da fibrose miocárdica na doença hipertensiva cardíaca?" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "Myocardial fibrosis – perivascular, interstitial or replacement (scar)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">1</a> – is the endpoint of various pathological settings, often leading to dismal outcomes, including heart failure, arrhythmias and sudden death. In hypertensive heart disease, patterns of perivascular and interstitial myocardial fibrosis are common and may easily be shown and graded, in formalin-fixed samples, with histochemical stains such as Masson trichrome, elastic Van Gieson, or picrosirius red.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">2</a>Experimental and human studies<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">1</a> have demonstrated that myocardial fibrosis is the result of various promoters, among which are mast cells.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065">3–10</a> Discovered and named by the Nobel prize-winning German physician Paul Ehrlich in 1878,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065">3</a> mast cells are immune cells derived from bone marrow precursors and resident in tissues. They are usually classified as typical if located in connective tissue such as the myocardium, or atypical if located elsewhere, and as MCT if their granules contain tryptase, MCC if they contain chymase or MCTC if they contain both proteases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065">3,4</a> Anti-chymase or anti-tryptase antibodies are used for immunohistochemical identification of mast cells in situ.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">9</a> Mast cells are also known have a wide range of mediators (histamine, cytokines, growth factors and vasoactive agents) that affect tissue remodeling as pro- or anti-fibrotic agents.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070">4–7</a> The effect of cardiac mast cells on myocardial fibrosis may result both from degranulation and from de novo secretion of mediators common to other cells, including tumor necrosis factor alpha and beta, interleukin 4 and platelet-derived growth factor, as well as from the roles of chymase and/or tryptase.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">1</a> The fibrogenic action of chymase may follow two pathways: the formation of angiotensin II through activation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme-independent chymase pathway, and activation of matrix metalloproteinases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055">1,4,7</a> Tryptase activates fibroblast proliferation and collagen I synthesis, mainly by activating protease-activated receptor-2.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">1</a>There is controversy concerning the pro-fibrotic and anti-fibrotic phenotypes of mast cells: whether the phenotypes can switch depending on the environment and genetics, and whether fibrotic tissue can regress as a consequence of a switch to the anti-fibrotic version; what are the key points of therapeutic intervention; and other questions.Some authors point out limitations in research into human cardiac fibrosis and its relation to mast cells, due both to the characteristics of the samples used, whether obtained from biopsy or autopsy, and to the difficulty in obtaining normal control tissue.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">7</a> Myocardial biopsies are limited in their size and location, although if morphological alterations are identified and appropriate complementary techniques are applied, useful data may be obtained. Furthermore, despite the difficulties in preserving autopsy material, if basic preservative measures are routinely applied, it may provide large quantities of disease samples and normal controls, as exemplified by the study by Juliano et al. published in this issue of the Journal.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">9</a>Conflicts of interestThe author has no conflicts of interest to declare." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack460744" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" ] 2 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cardiac fibrosis: cell biological mechanisms, molecular pathways and therapeutic opportunities" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "G.N. Frangogiannis" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.mam.2018.07.001" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mol Aspects Med" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "65" "paginaInicial" => "70" "paginaFinal" => "99" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30056242" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Hypertensive cardiomyopathy – histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A.-M. Braşoveanu" 1 => "L. Mogoantă" 2 => "G.D. Mălăescu" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rom J Morphol Embryol" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "60" "paginaInicial" => "487" "paginaFinal" => "494" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mast cell chymase: morphofunctional characteristics" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "D. Atiakshin" 1 => "I. Buchwalow" 2 => "M. Tiemann" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00418-019-01803-6" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Histochem Cell Biol" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "152" "paginaInicial" => "253" "paginaFinal" => "269" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31392409" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mast cells: key contributors to cardiac fibrosis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "S.P. Levick" 1 => "A. Widiapradja" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Mol Sci" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "19" "paginaInicial" => "231" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cardiac mast cells: the centerpiece in adverse myocardial remodeling" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S.P. Levick" 1 => "G.C. Meléndez" 2 => "E. Plante" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1093/cvr/cvq272" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Cardiovasc Res" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "89" "paginaInicial" => "12" "paginaFinal" => "19" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20736239" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The controversial role of mast cells in fibrosis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "P. Bradding" 1 => "G. Pejler" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Wiley Immunol Rev" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "282" "paginaInicial" => "198" "paginaFinal" => "231" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mast cells in cardiac fibrosis: new insights suggest opportunities for intervention" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S.A. Legere" 1 => "I.D. Haidl" 2 => "J.-F. Légaré" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3389/fimmu.2019.00580" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Front Immunol" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "10" "paginaInicial" => "580" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31001246" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0090" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cardiac mast cells mediate left ventricular fibrosis in the hypertensive rat heart" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S.P. Levick" 1 => "J.L. Mclarty" 2 => "D.B. Murray" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.123158" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Hypertension" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "53" "paginaInicial" => "1041" "paginaFinal" => "1074" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19398662" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0095" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Analysis of mast cells and myocardial fibrosis in autopsied patients with hypertensive heart disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G.R. Juliano" 1 => "M.F. Skaf" 2 => "L.S. Ramalho" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2019.11.003" "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev P Cardiol" "fecha" => "2020" ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0100" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Future needs in mast cell biology" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G. Varricchi" 1 => "A. de Paulis" 2 => "G. Marone" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Mol Sci" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "20" "paginaInicial" => "4397" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "identificador" => "xack460744" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" "texto" => "To Prof. Doutor Nuno Cardim for the invitation to write this article." "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/08702551/0000003900000002/v1_202005070648/S0870255120300871/v1_202005070648/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "29261" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Artigos Originais" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/08702551/0000003900000002/v1_202005070648/S0870255120300871/v1_202005070648/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://revportcardiol.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255120300871?idApp=UINPBA00004E"]