Original Article
Combined MitraClip implantation and left atrial appendage occlusion using the Watchman device: A case series from a referral center
Implantação simultânea de MitraClip e encerramento do apêndice auricular esquerdo com Watchman: a experiência de um centro de referência
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"apellidos" => "Pinto" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Cardiology Department, Santa Maria University Hospital, CHLN, CAML, CCUL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Santa Maria University Hospital, CHLN, CAML, CCUL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Implantação simultânea de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MitraClip</span> e encerramento do apêndice auricular esquerdo com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Watchman</span>: a experiência de um centro de referência" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1372 "Ancho" => 2000 "Tamanyo" => 262583 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Procedure steps: (1) transseptal puncture guided by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) (1a) and fluoroscopy (1b); (2) the Watchman 14F double curve sheath is advanced over an Amplatzer stiff wire positioned in the left superior pulmonary vein; (3) the left atrial appendage is measured by angiography (3a) and TEE (3b); (4) the Watchman is implanted guided by fluoroscopy (4a) and good apposition and absence of leaks and complications are confirmed by TEE (4b); (5) the Watchman 14F double curve sheath is exchanged for a 24F MitraClip guide catheter, over an Amplatzer support wire; (6) the clip delivery system is directed to the mid scallops of the anterior and posterior mitral valve leaflets, and guided by three-dimensional TEE, the clip is positioned above the origin of the mitral regurgitation (MR) jet; (7) leaflet insertion, MR reduction, and absence of significant mitral valve stenosis are confirmed by TEE (7a and 7b); (8) additional clips are deployed if necessary.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Introduction</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Percutaneous transcatheter mitral valve repair (MVR) using the MitraClip<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> system is an emerging approach to treat selected cases of degenerative and functional mitral regurgitation (MR). Its safety and efficacy in high risk-patients has been consistently demonstrated, both in clinical trials and in real-world settings.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–3</span></a> The procedure has been recommended by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) since 2012 for patients with both primary and secondary severe MR at high surgical risk (class IIb, level of evidence C).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Following approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2013, the MitraClip was also recommended in the 2014 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for degenerative MR (class IIb, level of evidence B).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients referred for MitraClip implantation frequently have concomitant atrial fibrillation (AF). These patients present high surgical risk due to the association of various comorbidities, as well as a frailty profile that represents increased risk of thromboembolic and bleeding events. These characteristics pose additional challenges due to the need for chronic oral anticoagulation (OAC).</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion, either percutaneously or surgically, is currently regarded as an alternative to OAC in patients with non-valvular AF.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> Similarly to the MitraClip, this was as a result of two trials<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7,8</span></a> and several registries.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9–12</span></a> The ESC guidelines issued a class IIb recommendation regarding this procedure,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> and it obtained FDA approval in 2015.</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The frequent association of MR and AF has often led surgeons to excise the LAA during heart surgery.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> Considering that both MitraClip implantation and LAA occlusion are percutaneous techniques that require transseptal puncture and access to the left atrium, it is technically attractive to consider emulating the surgical approach percutaneously. With the exception of two single case reports, there are no other published data regarding the feasibility, safety and efficacy of a combined procedure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15,16</span></a> In this article, we report the first case series regarding this issue, discussing the specific advantages, pitfalls and technical aspects of combining these two procedures.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Methods</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We performed a retrospective single-center study of consecutive patients with severe MR and AF undergoing MitraClip device implantation plus LAA occlusion with the Watchman<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> device. Baseline clinical, echocardiographic, hemodynamic and procedural data were recorded retrospectively through reviews of hospital records. Echocardiographic assessment was repeated after the procedure, on the same day and at one-month follow-up. Acute and one-month results were analyzed.</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Results</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Five patients with severe MR and AF rejected for surgical MVR were referred for percutaneous MVR. After assessment by the interventional cardiology team, they were also selected for LAA occlusion on the basis of high thromboembolic risk combined with high bleeding risk. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a> shows the baseline patient characteristics.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patient 1 was a 57-year-old man with alcoholic dilated cardiomyopathy, severely compromised left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and severe functional MR. Cardiac resynchronization therapy and atrioventricular node ablation had already been performed. Concomitantly he had permanent AF, liver cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class B) without esophageal varices (with continued alcohol abuse), previous ischemic stroke under OAC, chronic renal disease (Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative [KDOQI] stage 3b), pulmonary and systemic hypertension, dyslipidemia and previous resection of colon cancer.</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patient 2 was a 72-year-old man with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and moderately depressed LVEF, with a cardiac defibrillator system implanted for primary prevention and severe functional MR with episodes of flash edema. He had previously undergone triple coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Other comorbidities were permanent AF, pulmonary and systemic hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease (KDOQI stage 3a), chronic iron deficiency anemia with intestinal angiodysplasia and previous smoking.</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patient 3 was a 76-year-old woman with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, severely depressed LVEF and severe functional MR, who had already undergone cardiac resynchronization therapy. She also had permanent AF with labile INR under warfarin (TTR <60%), pulmonary and systemic hypertension, dyslipidemia and chronic kidney dysfunction (KDOQI stage 3a), and chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs due to osteoarticular disease.</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patient 4 was a 78-year-old man with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, severely depressed LVEF and severe functional MR. Concomitant comorbidities were permanent AF with labile INR under warfarin (TTR <60%), pulmonary and systemic hypertension, chronic kidney dysfunction (KDOQI stage 3b) and dyslipidemia.</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patient 5 was a 71-year-old man with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, severely depressed LVEF and severe functional MR. Concomitant comorbidities were previous ischemic stroke, permanent AF, systemic hypertension, chronic kidney dysfunction (KDOQI stage 3a) and dyslipidemia.</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Overall, the patients had significant comorbidities, LVEF <35% and severe functional MR, and were severely symptomatic (NYHA class III or IV). They had a high risk of both thromboembolic and bleeding events, with mean CHA<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>DS<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>-VASc score of 4.5±0.6 and mean HAS-BLED score of 3.5±0.6. The mean annual stoke risk predicted by CHA<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>DS<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>-VASc was 6.0±1.4%, with a higher annual risk of major bleeding events predicted by HAS-BLED (6.2±2.9%).</p><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Procedural details</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The procedure was performed under general anesthesia in the cardiac catheterization laboratory, with three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidance for MitraClip deployment and fluoroscopic guidance. In all cases LAA occlusion was performed first. Procedural details are displayed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Vascular access</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">By protocol, right radial arterial access (4F sheath) was established for invasive blood pressure monitoring, except for one case in which access was via the right femoral artery (4F sheath) due to inability to obtain radial access. Venous access was via the right femoral vein (6F sheath) in all cases. After establishment of arterial and venous access, an intravenous unfractionated heparin bolus was administered (50% of the total recommended dose – 100 U/kg).</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Transseptal puncture</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Transseptal puncture, guided by TEE, was performed through an 8F SL1 sheath (St. Jude Medical) with a BRK transseptal needle (St. Jude Medical). The puncture was performed aiming for the optimal position for MitraClip implantation.</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The remaining dose of intravenous unfractionated heparin was then administered and an activated clotting time of 250-300 s was maintained throughout the procedure.</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Once access to the left atrium was achieved, an Amplatzer stiff wire was advanced into the left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV).</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Left atrial appendage occlusion</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For LAA occlusion, a Watchman 14F double curve access sheath was used followed by angiography of the LAA with a pigtail catheter. The LAA closure device size was selected after assessing the following LAA features by TEE: ostium size and shape, and number of lobes and length in at least four TEE views (0°, 45°, 90° and 135°). These measurements were complemented by angiography of the LAA. The device was implanted under angiographic and echocardiographic (TEE) guidance using the standard technique. Criteria of success were achieved in all five patients. Only one device per patient was used, with appropriate stability, compression and sealing. No residual leaks or immediate complications were noted.</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">MitraClip procedure</span><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Watchman 14F double curve sheath was exchanged for a 24F MitraClip Guide Catheter, over an Amplatzer support wire positioned in the LSPV. A standard technique was used, under angiographic and TEE guidance.</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The procedure steps are summarized in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Three patients received only one clip, while the other two required two and three clips, respectively. All patients showed significant improvement in MR, three of them with residual grade I/IV regurgitation and the other two with grade II/IV. This goal was achieved without significant stenosis, mean final transvalvular gradient being 2.7±0.9 mmHg. No complications occurred. Of note, there was no interference of the MitraClip delivery system with the implanted Watchman device.</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Hemostasis</span><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In all patients, the Perclose Proglide suture-mediated closure system (Abbott Vascular) was used for hemostasis of the femoral vein access site (two systems were pre-deployed, before insertion of the transseptal puncture sheath). Hemostasis of the arterial access site was performed by manual compression.</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Follow-up</span><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All patients were discharged 24-36 hours after the procedure. They started anticoagulation with warfarin or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants, according to the choice of the attending cardiologist, with later transition to antiplatelet therapy after TEE follow-up (PROTECT AF strategy).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a></p><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients underwent clinical and echocardiographic (TEE) follow-up one month after the procedure. Results were excellent in all patients, with clinical symptomatic improvement (NYHA class I-II/IV), significant MR reduction (without significant stenosis), optimal occluder position, no thrombus and no clinical events. The interatrial septum showed a small, not hemodynamically relevant, left-to-right shunt. Details are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>. In a mean clinical follow-up of 243±70.7 days, the symptomatic improvement was maintained, without adverse events.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Discussion and limitations</span><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this case series, we demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of combining percutaneous MVR using the MitraClip device and LAA occlusion with the Watchman device. It is should be noted that this approach produced excellent immediate and short-term results despite the severe cardiac and non-cardiac comorbidities of this cohort. These results are in agreement with the few published single case reports.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15,16</span></a></p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Surgeons have long performed the combination of MVR, maze operation and LAA exclusion in patients with MR and AF, and LAA occlusion is recommended in patients with AF who undergo heart surgery.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> The LAA is easily accessible to the surgeon, the occlusion procedure is reasonably safe and it is believed to decrease embolic risk even in the presence of valvular AF. However, variability in surgical approaches means that remnants of the LAA are often left behind, which might explain the poor long-term results of this approach.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> During MitraClip implantation, the LAA is also easily accessible to the interventional cardiologist and the etiology of AF is non-rheumatic. In summary, the patient is anesthetized, the transseptal puncture has been performed and the LAA is easily accessible to catheter treatment. Percutaneous LAA occlusion has a solid scientific basis and good long-term results regarding both safety and efficacy. Therefore, combining MitraClip implantation and percutaneous LAA occlusion seems at least as appealing as combining surgical MVR and LAA excision.</p><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">From a clinical standpoint, patients referred for MitraClip implantation frequently present a profile suitable for LAA occlusion (AF with high thromboembolic and bleeding risk due to the comorbidities that excluded them from surgical MVR). Exposing these patients to two separate procedures would present several disadvantages. It is well recognized that transseptal puncture carries a small but important risk of significant complications.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> Furthermore, the use of large sheaths in two different locations may increase the risk of significant residual septal shunting. A single procedure involves a single transseptal puncture, thereby minimizing both risks. Also, both procedures require large sheaths placed in femoral veins. Combining the two procedures streamlines vascular access and reduces the risk of complications. Finally, overall fluoroscopy time may be reduced compared to two individual procedures, due to the common initial pathway of both techniques.</p><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our results seem to confirm these advantages, as there were no complications regarding any of the above-mentioned issues and total fluoroscopy time and radiation dosages were acceptable.</p><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the other hand, theoretically there are potential disadvantages. First, the high transseptal puncture for the MitraClip is less well suited for LAA occlusion. Second, overall procedure time may be prolonged, with an added risk of volume overload or hemodynamic instability, especially considering the severely depressed systolic function of many of these patients. We experienced no difficulties with either issue, and overall procedure time was acceptable (103.0±60.8 min). Nonetheless, acknowledging these pitfalls is essential for avoiding complications.</p><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Another aspect of the technique that is the subject of debate is the appropriate sequence of procedures in this combined approach. Our team decided to perform LAA occlusion before MitraClip implantation based on the rationale of using sheaths with sequentially increasing diameters. We considered that this strategy would reduce the risk of bleeding at the access site and would impose less trauma on the atrial septum. Reversing the order of the procedures may have the advantage of eliminating the risk of interference of the MitraClip delivery system with the implanted Watchman device. However, we found that the presence of the Watchman device served as a useful anatomical reference during manipulation of the MitraClip delivery system. Performing the MitraClip implantation first would require an exchange for a shorter sheath compatible with the 14F Watchman delivery sheath, to avoid massive bleeding at the access site. Alternatively, the 24F could be exchanged directly for the 14F using the pre-deployed Perclose Proglide systems to close the orifice around the sheath. This approach may compromise final access occlusion success.</p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Conclusion</span><p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In selected patients at high risk for MR surgery who concomitantly present AF and an increased risk of both bleeding and embolic events, a combined approach with MitraClip and Watchman Occluder implantation in a single procedure is feasible, safe and effective, in both immediate and short-term follow-up, when undertaken by an experienced team.</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0145">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no experiments were performed on humans or animals for this study.</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0150">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have followed the protocols of their work center on the publication of patient data.</p></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0155">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0235" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have obtained the written informed consent of the patients or subjects mentioned in the article. The corresponding author is in possession of this document.</p></span></span><span id="sec0085" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0160">Funding</span><p id="par0240" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No specific funding grants were used regarding this study.</p></span><span id="sec0090" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0165">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0245" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ana Rita G. Francisco has no conflicts of interest to declare; Eduardo Infante de Oliveira has received speaker/proctor honoraria and research grants from Boston Scientific and speaker honoraria from Abbott Vascular; Miguel Nobre Menezes has no conflicts of interest to declare; Pedro Carrilho Ferreira has received speaker honoraria and research grants from Boston Scientific; Pedro Canas da Silva has received speaker honoraria and research grants from Boston Scientific and Abbott Vascular.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:13 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres873530" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Objectives" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Results" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec862179" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres873529" "titulo" => "Resumo" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Introdução" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Objectivos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0045" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0050" "titulo" => "Conclusão" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec862180" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Results" "secciones" => array:7 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Procedural details" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Vascular access" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Transseptal puncture" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Left atrial appendage occlusion" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "MitraClip procedure" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Hemostasis" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Follow-up" ] ] ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Discussion and limitations" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "Ethical disclosures" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0070" "titulo" => "Protection of human and animal subjects" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0075" "titulo" => "Confidentiality of data" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0080" "titulo" => "Right to privacy and informed consent" ] ] ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0085" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 11 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0090" "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest" ] 12 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2016-08-02" "fechaAceptado" => "2016-11-11" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec862179" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Mitral regurgitation" 1 => "MitraClip" 2 => "Left atrial appendage occlusion" 3 => "Watchman" ] ] ] "pt" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec862180" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Regurgitação mitral" 1 => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MitraClip</span>" 2 => "Encerramento do apêndice auricular esquerdo" 3 => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Watchman</span>" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introduction</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients referred for percutaneous transcatheter mitral valve repair using the MitraClip<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> system frequently have atrial fibrillation, which imposes additional challenges due to the need for oral anticoagulation. Left atrial appendage occlusion is currently regarded as a non-inferior alternative to anticoagulation in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and both high thromboembolic and bleeding risk. Considering that both MitraClip implantation and left atrial appendage occlusion are percutaneous techniques that require transseptal puncture, it is technically attractive to consider their concomitant use.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Objectives</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We aim to evaluate the feasibility of a combined approach with MitraClip implantation and left atrial appendage occlusion in a single procedure.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Methods</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We report the first case series regarding this issue, discussing the specific advantages, pitfalls and technical aspects of combining these two procedures.</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Results</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Five patients underwent left atrial appendage occlusion with the Watchman<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> device followed by MitraClip implantation in the same procedure. All patients experienced significant reduction in mitral valve regurgitation of at least two grades, optimal occluder position, no associated complications and significant clinical improvement assessed by NYHA functional class (reduction of at least one functional class, with four patients in class I at one-month follow-up).</p></span> <span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In selected patients rejected for surgical mitral valve repair, with atrial fibrillation and increased risk of bleeding and embolic events, a combined approach with MitraClip implantation and left atrial appendage occlusion in a single procedure is feasible, safe and effective.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Objectives" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Results" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] "pt" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumo" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Introdução</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Os doentes referenciados para reparação mitral percutânea, usando o sistema <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MitraClip</span>, têm frequentemente fibrilhação auricular, com desafios adicionais devido à necessidade de anticoagulação. O encerramento percutâneo do apêndice auricular esquerdo é, atualmente, uma alternativa não inferior à anticoagulação em doentes com fibrilhação auricular não valvular, com elevado risco quer tromboembólico quer hemorrágico. Considerando que estas duas técnicas (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MitraClip</span> e encerramento percutâneo do apêndice auricular esquerdo) requerem punção transeptal, é tecnicamente atrativo considerar o seu uso concomitante.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Objectivos</span><p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Avaliar a exequibilidade de efectuar no mesmo procedimento implantação de MitraClip e encerramento percutâneo do apêndice auricular esquerdo.</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Métodos</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Descrição da primeira série de casos sobre a aplicação destas duas técnicas num só procedimento, com análise das vantagens, dificuldades e aspetos técnicos.</p></span> <span id="abst0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Resultados</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cinco doentes foram submetidos a encerramento percutâneo do apêndice auricular esquerdo com dispositivo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Watchman</span>, seguido de implantação de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MitraClip</span> no mesmo procedimento. Em todos os doentes verificou-se redução significativa do grau da regurgitação mitral em pelo menos dois graus, posição ótima do sistema de oclusão do apêndice, sem complicações associadas e com melhoria clínica significativa avaliada pela classe funcional de NYHA (redução de pelo menos uma classe funcional, com quatro doentes em classe funcional I no final do primeiro mês de seguimento).</p></span> <span id="abst0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Conclusão</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Em doentes selecionados, recusados para reparação cirúrgica da valvular mitral, com fibrilhação auricular e risco elevado de eventos hemorrágicos e embólicos, uma abordagem combinada com implantação de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MitraClip</span> e encerramento percutâneo do apêndice auricular esquerdo num só procedimento é viável, segura e eficaz.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Introdução" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Objectivos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0045" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0050" "titulo" => "Conclusão" ] ] ] ] "nomenclatura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "nom0005" "listaDefinicion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">List of abbreviations</span>" "definicion" => array:13 [ 0 => array:2 [ "termino" => "ACC" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">American College of Cardiology</p>" ] 1 => array:2 [ "termino" => "AF" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">atrial fibrillation</p>" ] 2 => array:2 [ "termino" => "AHA" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">American Heart Association</p>" ] 3 => array:2 [ "termino" => "ESC" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">European Society of Cardiology</p>" ] 4 => array:2 [ "termino" => "KDOQI" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative</p>" ] 5 => array:2 [ "termino" => "LAA" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">left atrial appendage</p>" ] 6 => array:2 [ "termino" => "LSPV" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">left superior pulmonary vein</p>" ] 7 => array:2 [ "termino" => "LVEF" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">left ventricular ejection fraction</p>" ] 8 => array:2 [ "termino" => "MR" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">mitral regurgitation</p>" ] 9 => array:2 [ "termino" => "MVR" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">mitral valve repair</p>" ] 10 => array:2 [ "termino" => "NYHA" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">New York Heart Association</p>" ] 11 => array:2 [ "termino" => "OAC" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">oral anticoagulation</p>" ] 12 => array:2 [ "termino" => "TEE" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">transesophageal echocardiography</p>" ] ] ] ] ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1372 "Ancho" => 2000 "Tamanyo" => 262583 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Procedure steps: (1) transseptal puncture guided by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) (1a) and fluoroscopy (1b); (2) the Watchman 14F double curve sheath is advanced over an Amplatzer stiff wire positioned in the left superior pulmonary vein; (3) the left atrial appendage is measured by angiography (3a) and TEE (3b); (4) the Watchman is implanted guided by fluoroscopy (4a) and good apposition and absence of leaks and complications are confirmed by TEE (4b); (5) the Watchman 14F double curve sheath is exchanged for a 24F MitraClip guide catheter, over an Amplatzer support wire; (6) the clip delivery system is directed to the mid scallops of the anterior and posterior mitral valve leaflets, and guided by three-dimensional TEE, the clip is positioned above the origin of the mitral regurgitation (MR) jet; (7) leaflet insertion, MR reduction, and absence of significant mitral valve stenosis are confirmed by TEE (7a and 7b); (8) additional clips are deployed if necessary.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">AF: atrial fibrillation; Cr: serum creatinine; INR: international normalized ratio; KDOQI: Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA: New York Heart Association; OAC: oral anticoagulation; TTR: time in therapeutic range.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age, years</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">57 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">72 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">76 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">78 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">71 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Gender</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">AF classification</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Permanent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Permanent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Permanent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Permanent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Permanent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">LVEF, %</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">24 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">35 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">23 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">NYHA class</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">III/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">III/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">III/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">II/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">III/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cardiomyopathy etiology</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Alcoholic dilated \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Ischemic dilated \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Non-ischemic dilated \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Non-ischemic dilated \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Ischemic dilated \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Comorbidities</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hypertension \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Pulmonary hypertension \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Diabetes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Previous stroke \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Renal disease, KDOQI stage \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3b \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3a \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3a \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3b \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3a \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Previous open heart surgery \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Chronic liver disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Chronic anemia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Malignancy \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CHADS</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">score</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Annual stroke risk, %</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">8.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">8.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CHA</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">DS</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">-VASc score</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Annual stroke risk, %</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">6.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">6.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">9.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Previous embolic event under OAC</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">HAS-BLED score</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Annual bleeding risk, %</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">8.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Age >65 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Previous stroke \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Prior bleeding or predisposition \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Renal dysfunction (Cr >2.36 mg/dl) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Liver dysfunction (cirrhosis) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Labile INR (TTR <60%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Drugs predisposing to bleeding \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Alcohol abuse \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Previous bleeding event under OAC</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1474103.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Baseline patient characteristics.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">LAA: left atrial appendage; MR: mitral regurgitation.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Procedure time, min</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">194 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">67 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">76 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">75 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">81 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Fluoroscopy time, min</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">21.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">20.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">15.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">27.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">16.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Radiation dose, μGy/cm</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">2</span></span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">18.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">14.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">14.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">10.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Arterial access</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Right femoral, 4F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Right radial, 4F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Right radial, 4F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Right radial, 4F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Right radial, 4F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Venous access</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Right femoral \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Right femoral \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Right femoral \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Right femoral \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Right femoral \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">MitraClip implantation</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Number of devices</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MR</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Etiology \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Functional \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Functional \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Functional \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Functional \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Functional \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Pre-procedure grade \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">III/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">IV/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">IV/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">III/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">III/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Post-procedure grade \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I-II/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">II/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Mean post-procedure gradient, mmHg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">LAA occlusion (Watchman device)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Size of implanted device (mm)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Number of devices</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Compression rate, %</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">11 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">26 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">13 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Residual leak</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Success</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Antithrombotic therapy</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Warfarin \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Dabigatran \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Warfarin \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Warfarin \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Dabigatran \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Complications</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1474104.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Procedural details.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at3" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">LAA: left atrial appendage; MR: mitral regurgitation; NYHA: New York Heart Association.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient 5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">NYHA class</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">II/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Embolic events</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bleeding events</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mitral valve</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MR grade \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">II/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">I/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">II/IV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Mean gradient, mmHg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">LAA occlusion – Watchman device</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Leaks \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Thrombus \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1474105.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Results at one-month follow-up.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:19 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0100" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The EVEREST II trial: design and rationale for a randomized study of the E-Valve MitraClip system compared with mitral valve surgery for mitral regurgitation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "L. 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| 2023 Janeiro | 17 | 13 | 30 |
| 2022 Dezembro | 53 | 19 | 72 |
| 2022 Novembro | 60 | 33 | 93 |
| 2022 Outubro | 47 | 15 | 62 |
| 2022 Setembro | 50 | 37 | 87 |
| 2022 Agosto | 38 | 39 | 77 |
| 2022 Julho | 49 | 41 | 90 |
| 2022 Junho | 38 | 27 | 65 |
| 2022 Maio | 28 | 36 | 64 |
| 2022 Abril | 48 | 33 | 81 |
| 2022 Maro | 45 | 43 | 88 |
| 2022 Fevereiro | 43 | 36 | 79 |
| 2022 Janeiro | 65 | 26 | 91 |
| 2021 Dezembro | 36 | 31 | 67 |
| 2021 Novembro | 52 | 35 | 87 |
| 2021 Outubro | 38 | 45 | 83 |
| 2021 Setembro | 37 | 32 | 69 |
| 2021 Agosto | 37 | 28 | 65 |
| 2021 Julho | 28 | 21 | 49 |
| 2021 Junho | 20 | 32 | 52 |
| 2021 Maio | 47 | 37 | 84 |
| 2021 Abril | 74 | 47 | 121 |
| 2021 Maro | 65 | 24 | 89 |
| 2021 Fevereiro | 58 | 20 | 78 |
| 2021 Janeiro | 40 | 14 | 54 |
| 2020 Dezembro | 32 | 13 | 45 |
| 2020 Novembro | 40 | 35 | 75 |
| 2020 Outubro | 38 | 20 | 58 |
| 2020 Setembro | 75 | 29 | 104 |
| 2020 Agosto | 44 | 13 | 57 |
| 2020 Julho | 46 | 14 | 60 |
| 2020 Junho | 41 | 13 | 54 |
| 2020 Maio | 40 | 9 | 49 |
| 2020 Abril | 51 | 22 | 73 |
| 2020 Maro | 48 | 13 | 61 |
| 2020 Fevereiro | 48 | 22 | 70 |
| 2020 Janeiro | 57 | 12 | 69 |
| 2019 Dezembro | 46 | 18 | 64 |
| 2019 Novembro | 33 | 14 | 47 |
| 2019 Outubro | 40 | 9 | 49 |
| 2019 Setembro | 26 | 7 | 33 |
| 2019 Agosto | 31 | 14 | 45 |
| 2019 Julho | 36 | 14 | 50 |
| 2019 Junho | 30 | 15 | 45 |
| 2019 Maio | 39 | 14 | 53 |
| 2019 Abril | 27 | 21 | 48 |
| 2019 Maro | 108 | 9 | 117 |
| 2019 Fevereiro | 113 | 12 | 125 |
| 2019 Janeiro | 97 | 8 | 105 |
| 2018 Dezembro | 127 | 15 | 142 |
| 2018 Novembro | 116 | 13 | 129 |
| 2018 Outubro | 187 | 26 | 213 |
| 2018 Setembro | 54 | 16 | 70 |
| 2018 Agosto | 37 | 41 | 78 |
| 2018 Julho | 24 | 14 | 38 |
| 2018 Junho | 39 | 22 | 61 |
| 2018 Maio | 29 | 16 | 45 |
| 2018 Abril | 63 | 19 | 82 |
| 2018 Maro | 59 | 19 | 78 |
| 2018 Fevereiro | 36 | 11 | 47 |
| 2018 Janeiro | 36 | 19 | 55 |
| 2017 Dezembro | 89 | 22 | 111 |
| 2017 Novembro | 79 | 26 | 105 |
| 2017 Outubro | 54 | 31 | 85 |
| 2017 Setembro | 45 | 32 | 77 |
| 2017 Agosto | 92 | 45 | 137 |
| 2017 Julho | 70 | 43 | 113 |
Mostrar tudo
