Original Article
Translation and cultural adaptation of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale to Portuguese
Tradução e adaptação cultural do Questionário Hill-Bone de Adesão à Terapêutica Antihipertensora para Português
Luís Nogueira-Silvaa,b,
, Ana Sá-Sousab, Maria João Limaa, Agostinho Monteiroc, Cheryl Dennison-Himmelfarbd, João A. Fonsecab,e
Autor para correspondência
a Serviço de Medicina Interna, Centro Hospitalar S. João, Porto, Portugal
b CINTESIS – Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Sistemas de Informação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
c Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
d Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, USA
e Unidade de Alergologia, Instituto CUF Porto e Hospital CUF Porto, Porto, Portugal
Lido
11996
Vezesque se leu este artigo
2245
Total PDF
9751
Total HTML
Compartilhar estatísticas
array:25 [ "pii" => "S0870255116000081" "issn" => "08702551" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2015.07.013" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-02-01" "aid" => "767" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "copyrightAnyo" => "2016" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2016;35:93-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 6586 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 196 "HTML" => 5760 "PDF" => 630 ] ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S217420491600026X" "issn" => "21742049" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2015.07.018" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-02-01" "aid" => "767" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2016;35:93-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 4579 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 170 "HTML" => 3836 "PDF" => 573 ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Translation and cultural adaptation of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale to Portuguese" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "pt" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "93" "paginaFinal" => "97" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Tradução e adaptação cultural do Questionário <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hill-Bone</span> de Adesão à Terapêutica Antihipertensora para Português" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "pt" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1780 "Ancho" => 2283 "Tamanyo" => 481518 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Original Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Luís Nogueira-Silva, Ana Sá-Sousa, Maria João Lima, Agostinho Monteiro, Cheryl Dennison-Himmelfarb, João A. Fonseca" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Luís" "apellidos" => "Nogueira-Silva" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ana" "apellidos" => "Sá-Sousa" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Maria João" "apellidos" => "Lima" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Agostinho" "apellidos" => "Monteiro" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Cheryl" "apellidos" => "Dennison-Himmelfarb" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "João A." "apellidos" => "Fonseca" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0870255116000081" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2015.07.013" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255116000081?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S217420491600026X?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/21742049/0000003500000002/v2_201703220311/S217420491600026X/v2_201703220311/en/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S0870255115002401" "issn" => "08702551" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2015.06.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-02-01" "aid" => "710" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2016;35:99-104" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3711 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 211 "HTML" => 2886 "PDF" => 614 ] ] "pt" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Artigo Original</span>" "titulo" => "Insuficiência renal aguda no contexto de cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica: fatores de risco e prognóstico. Proposta de um modelo preditivo" "tienePdf" => "pt" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "pt" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "pt" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "99" "paginaFinal" => "104" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Acute kidney injury after pediatric cardiac surgery: risk factors and outcomes. Proposal for a predictive model" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "pt" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "pt" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "pt" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figura 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1667 "Ancho" => 1592 "Tamanyo" => 71423 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "pt" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Curva ROC para o modelo de regressão logística proposto.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Bárbara Cardoso, Sérgio Laranjo, Inês Gomes, Isabel Freitas, Conceição Trigo, Isabel Fragata, José Fragata, Fátima Pinto" "autores" => array:8 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Bárbara" "apellidos" => "Cardoso" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Sérgio" "apellidos" => "Laranjo" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Inês" "apellidos" => "Gomes" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Isabel" "apellidos" => "Freitas" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Conceição" "apellidos" => "Trigo" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Isabel" "apellidos" => "Fragata" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José" "apellidos" => "Fragata" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fátima" "apellidos" => "Pinto" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "pt" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2174204916000027" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2016.01.001" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204916000027?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255115002401?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08702551/0000003500000002/v1_201602130045/S0870255115002401/v1_201602130045/pt/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S0870255115003625" "issn" => "08702551" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2015.09.017" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-02-01" "aid" => "758" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2016;35:83-91" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3608 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 183 "HTML" => 2877 "PDF" => 548 ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Left atrial ejection force correlates with left atrial strain and volume-based functional properties as assessed by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (from the MAGYAR-Healthy Study)" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "pt" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "83" "paginaFinal" => "91" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Força de ejeção correlacionada com pressão auricular esquerda e propriedades funcionais de volume conforme avaliado na ecocardiografia tridimensional de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">speckle tracking</span> (Estudo MAGYAR)" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "pt" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figure 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 2177 "Ancho" => 2906 "Tamanyo" => 376663 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Interobserver (upper graphs) and intraobserver (lower graphs) agreements and correlations for measuring end-systolic mitral annulus diameter by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography are presented. 3DSTE: three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography; MAD: 3DSTE-derived mitral annulus diameter; obs: observer.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Györgyike Ágnes Piros, Péter Domsik, Anita Kalapos, Csaba Lengyel, Andrea Orosz, Tamás Forster, Attila Nemes" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Györgyike Ágnes" "apellidos" => "Piros" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Péter" "apellidos" => "Domsik" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Anita" "apellidos" => "Kalapos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Csaba" "apellidos" => "Lengyel" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Andrea" "apellidos" => "Orosz" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Tamás" "apellidos" => "Forster" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Attila" "apellidos" => "Nemes" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2174204916000258" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2015.09.009" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204916000258?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255115003625?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08702551/0000003500000002/v1_201602130045/S0870255115003625/v1_201602130045/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:21 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Translation and cultural adaptation of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale to Portuguese" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "93" "paginaFinal" => "97" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Luís Nogueira-Silva, Ana Sá-Sousa, Maria João Lima, Agostinho Monteiro, Cheryl Dennison-Himmelfarb, João A. Fonseca" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Luís" "apellidos" => "Nogueira-Silva" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "luisnogueirasilva@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Ana" "apellidos" => "Sá-Sousa" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Maria João" "apellidos" => "Lima" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Agostinho" "apellidos" => "Monteiro" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Cheryl" "apellidos" => "Dennison-Himmelfarb" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "João A." "apellidos" => "Fonseca" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Serviço de Medicina Interna, Centro Hospitalar S. João, Porto, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "CINTESIS – Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Sistemas de Informação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, USA" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidade de Alergologia, Instituto CUF Porto e Hospital CUF Porto, Porto, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Tradução e adaptação cultural do Questionário <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hill-Bone</span> de Adesão à Terapêutica Antihipertensora para Português" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1772 "Ancho" => 2256 "Tamanyo" => 419342 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Original Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hypertension is a highly prevalent disease worldwide and is estimated to affect around 42% of Portuguese adults,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> a prevalence that is predicted to grow in the future.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Over the last decade, considerable improvements have been achieved in the care of hypertensive patients in Portugal, with the proportion of those receiving treatment increasing from less than 40%<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> to almost 75%; however, the proportion of controlled patients remains at an unsatisfactory 42.5%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Poor adherence to therapy is an issue in all chronic diseases and even more important in a largely asymptomatic disease like hypertension.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> It leads to lack of control<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> and to a higher risk of cardiovascular events.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several methods exist to assess adherence, which can be divided into direct and indirect approaches.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Direct methods, such as directly observed therapy or measurement of drug metabolites in plasma or urine samples, are cumbersome or technically complex,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,9</span></a> and are thus unavailable in daily practice. Indirect methods include electronic medication monitors, which are expensive and also largely unavailable outside the research environment,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> and questionnaires.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Adherence questionnaires have been developed, validated and used in patients with several chronic diseases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,12</span></a> In hypertension, the most widely used questionnaire is the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> but its Portuguese version is not free to use without a license from the author. Another commonly used questionnaire is the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale, which has been developed and validated in a low literacy setting, and its psychometric characteristics described.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> A Portuguese version of this questionnaire does not exist.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Given the need to assess adherence to therapy with a simple and readily available instrument in daily practice, it was our aim to perform a translation and cultural adaptation of the Hill-Bone Compliance Scale from the original English to Portuguese.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Methods</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A formal translation and cultural adaptation process was performed, as recommended in the Principles of Good Practice of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research regarding patient-reported outcomes (PRO) measures.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As preparation, the authors of the original scale were contacted and provided authorization for the process; moreover, a member (CDH) of the team that developed and tested the original instrument was involved in the preparation of this manuscript. A working group was assembled, including physicians with experience in the care of hypertensive patients and physicians who have been responsible for the production, as well as translation and cultural adaptation, of questionnaires.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16–18</span></a> Forward translation from English to European Portuguese was performed by two independent native Portuguese speakers who are fluent in English. Discrepancies were then discussed and resolved by consensus, involving the whole study group, producing a final forward translation version. Back translation was then performed by someone fluent in both languages who was neither involved in the previous steps nor familiar with the original scale. A more conceptual, rather than literal, style was employed in this step. The working group then compared the back translation against the original questionnaire in order to identify discrepancies in the concepts; if significant discrepancies were identified, the process of forward translation would be restarted.</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Once no conceptual discrepancies were found between the original questionnaire and the Portuguese version, it was then presented to Portuguese-speaking hypertensive patients. Patients were recruited in the hypertension clinic of a University Hospital in Porto, Portugal. An effort was made to include patients with a variety of educational and cultural backgrounds. They were asked to fill the questionnaire paying particular attention to the construction and phrasing of the sentences, insuring that the concepts were interpreted appropriately. All patients’ difficulties or misunderstandings, as well as their opinions on the questionnaire, were analyzed and used as a basis for changes in the wording. This process was repeated until the questionnaire was understood correctly by the patients. The final version was reviewed by the working group and this report was prepared.</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Results</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The original version of the Hill-Bone Compliance Scale was obtained from the original authors (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>), as well as authorization to perform the translation process. Several discrepancies occurred, namely in the translation of the expression “shake salt on your food” in question 4, and the verbs “skip” and “miss taking” from questions 10 and 12–14. All differences were discussed and resolved, and a final forward translation version was produced by consensus (Supplement 1). The back translation was performed and, despite some wording differences, the resulting version showed no conceptual discrepancies with the original scale.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Portuguese version was then presented to nine patients from the hypertension clinic. Numerous problems were identified, such as the expression ‘fast food’, which had been kept from the original and was not understood by most of the patients. The most important source of misunderstanding was the phrasing of questions 10, 11, 12 and 14 – patients tended to answer ‘All of the time’ (because they always took their medication) but the correct answer for that idea was ‘None of the time’. The translation into Portuguese of these questions implies a negative phrase and the desired answer ‘None of the time’ creates a double negative which was difficult for the patients. In addition, most patients had difficulties marking questions with a number that corresponds to a response option. In view of these findings, questions 10, 11 and 12 were changed to a positive phrasing, so that good adherence will produce a positive answer. Consequently, the score attributed to the response options for question 10 had to be changed, in order to preserve comparability with the scoring of the original scale. Furthermore, we changed the format of the questionnaire so that the response options are presented after the question (rather than a space to mark a number). This new version was presented to six other patients from the hypertension clinic. With the new version, no crucial difficulties or misunderstandings were detected. One patient had difficulty with question 2 (which also has a negative phrasing); we decided to maintain this phrasing and the capital letters for the negative particle, as in the original scale. Question 5 addresses the intake of food rich in salt; the available evidence shows that, in Portugal, most salt intake comes from salt-rich food, such as bread, cheese and sausages/cold meat.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> We therefore changed question 5 in order to include these examples. The final Portuguese version of the questionnaire (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>) was reviewed and accepted by the working group.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discussion</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We propose a Portuguese version of the Hill-Bone Compliance Scale, resulting from a formal translation and cultural adaptation process.</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The development of PRO measures is crucial for the assessment of chronic diseases such as hypertension. Poor adherence to therapy is a major issue in hypertension care, but instruments that assess it are scarce. Despite multiple limitations, questionnaires are the most accessible instruments to assess adherence in daily clinical practice. PRO measures must be developed or translated to the language of the population that will use them. To our knowledge, no original European Portuguese adherence questionnaire or European Portuguese translations have been described in the literature.</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The forward-backward translation process that we used is the most widely accepted method.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> Similar methods have been used for the translation of this questionnaire into other languages.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,21</span></a></p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several difficulties were identified after the first version was presented to patients. It was clear that the phrasing obtained by translation from the original English was too complex in the Portuguese language, especially for a questionnaire that is meant to be used by an elderly population with low literacy. The changes were clearly necessary for cultural adaptation.</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The main strength of this study is the use of a formal methodology, which ensures that the version obtained maintains the same concepts as the original scale. Other concepts or domains that might be useful in the evaluation of adherence could not be included when following the standardized international recommendations for a translation and cultural adaptation process.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> The use of other questionnaires that analyze different dimensions may provide a broader assessment of adherence, namely of the reasons for non-adherence. A minor limitation is the fact that the study was conducted in a hospital clinic, while the questionnaire is intended also to be used in a primary care setting. However, the patients involved were of similar age, literacy level and socioeconomic background to most hypertensive patients in primary care, had mostly essential, not resistant, hypertension, and were originally referred to the hospital by primary care physicians. Furthermore, we do not describe a validation process, and the psychometric characteristics of the Portuguese Hill-Bone Compliance Scale should be evaluated in the future.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Conclusion</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We describe the translation and cultural adaptation of the Hill-Bone Compliance Scale and propose a European Portuguese version to be used with hypertensive patients in a primary or hospital setting. Further studies are necessary for the validation of this new version.</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no experiments were performed on humans or animals for this investigation.</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appears in this article.</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appears in this article.</p></span></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:13 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres604849" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec618955" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres604850" "titulo" => "Resumo" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Introdução" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusão" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec618954" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Ethical disclosures" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Protection of human and animal subjects" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Confidentiality of data" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Right to privacy and informed consent" ] ] ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest" ] 11 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack203535" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" ] 12 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2015-03-19" "fechaAceptado" => "2015-07-24" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec618955" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Hypertension" 1 => "Medication adherence" 2 => "Questionnaires" 3 => "Translation and cultural adaptation" 4 => "Patient-reported outcomes" ] ] ] "pt" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec618954" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Hipertensão arterial" 1 => "Adesão à terapêutica" 2 => "Questionários" 3 => "Tradução e adaptação cultural" 4 => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Patient-reported outcomes</span>" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introduction</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Hypertension is an extremely prevalent disease worldwide and hypertension control rates remain low. Lack of adherence contributes to poor control and to cardiovascular events. No questionnaire in Portuguese is readily available for the assessment of adherence to antihypertensive drugs. We aimed to perform a translation and cultural adaptation to Portuguese of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale, a validated instrument to measure adherence in hypertensive patients.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A formal process was employed, consisting of a forward translation by two independent translators and a back translation by a third translator. Discrepancies were resolved after each step. Hypertensive patients were involved to identify and resolve phrasing and wording difficulties and misunderstandings.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The forward and back translation did not produce significant discrepancies. However, important issues were identified when the questionnaire was presented to patients, which led to changes in the wording of the questions and in the format of the questionnaire.</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Questionnaires are important instruments to assess adherence to therapy, particularly in hypertension. A formal translation and cultural adaptation process ensures that the new version maintains the same concepts as the original. After translation, several changes were necessary to ensure that the questionnaire was understandable by elderly, low literacy patients, such as the majority of hypertensive patients. We propose a Portuguese version of the Hill-Bone Compliance Scale, which will require validation in further studies.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] "pt" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumo" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Introdução</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A hipertensão arterial (HTA) é extremamente prevalente em todo o mundo e a proporção de doentes controlados permanece baixa. A má adesão à terapêutica dificulta o controlo da doença e contribui para a ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares. Não existe nenhum questionário em português imediatamente disponível para avaliar a adesão a fármacos anti-hipertensores. O nosso objetivo é realizar a tradução e adaptação cultural do questionário de adesão <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hill-Bone</span>, um instrumento validado em doentes com HTA.</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Métodos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Foi utilizado um processo formal, consistindo numa tradução para português por dois tradutores, seguida de uma retroversão para inglês por um terceiro tradutor. As discrepâncias foram discutidas e resolvidas após cada passo. Doentes com HTA foram envolvidos, de forma a identificar e corrigir construções de frases e escolhas de palavras que provocaram problemas de compreensão.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A tradução e retroversão não produziram discrepâncias relevantes. Foram identificados problemas de compreensão importantes quando o questionário foi apresentado aos doentes, motivando alterações na elaboração das perguntas e no formato do questionário.</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusão</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Os questionários são instrumentos importantes na avaliação da adesão à terapêutica, em particular na HTA. O processo formal de tradução e adaptação cultural visa garantir que a nova versão mantém os mesmos conceitos que o original. Várias alterações foram necessárias para garantir que o questionário é corretamente interpretado por indivíduos idosos e com baixa literacia, características de grande parte dos doentes hipertensos. Propomos a versão portuguesa do questionário <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hill-Bone</span> de adesão à terapêutica anti-hipertensora, que deverá ser validada em estudos futuros.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Introdução" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusão" ] ] ] ] "apendice" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "apendice" => "<p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><elsevierMultimedia ident="upi0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p>" "etiqueta" => "Appendix A" "titulo" => "Supplementary material" "identificador" => "sec0060" ] ] ] ] "multimedia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1772 "Ancho" => 2256 "Tamanyo" => 419342 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Original Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 2225 "Ancho" => 3338 "Tamanyo" => 683016 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Final Portuguese version of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "upi0005" "etiqueta" => "Supplement 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAECOMPONENTE" "mostrarFloat" => false "mostrarDisplay" => true "Ecomponente" => array:2 [ "fichero" => "mmc1.doc" "ficheroTamanyo" => 1016832 ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">First Portuguese version of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale, which presented several difficulties for patients.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:21 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0110" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and salt intake in Portugal: changes over a decade. The PHYSA study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "J. Polónia" 1 => "L. Martins" 2 => "F. Pinto" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/HJH.0000000000000162" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Hypertens" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "32" "paginaInicial" => "1211" "paginaFinal" => "1221" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675681" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0115" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "P.M. Kearney" 1 => "M. Whelton" 2 => "K. Reynolds" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17741-1" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "365" "paginaInicial" => "217" "paginaFinal" => "223" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15652604" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0120" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Portugal: the PAP study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M.E. Macedo" 1 => "M.J. Lima" 2 => "A.O. Silva" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Hypertens" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "23" "paginaInicial" => "1661" "paginaFinal" => "1666" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16093910" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0125" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Adherence to drugs that prevent cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis on 376,162 patients" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S.H. Naderi" 1 => "J.P. Bestwick" 2 => "D.S. Wald" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Med" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "125" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0130" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resistant hypertension: resistance to treatment or resistance to taking treatment?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M.J. Brown" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Heart. BMJ Publishing Group" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "100" "paginaInicial" => "821" "paginaFinal" => "822" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0135" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Adherence to antihypertensive medications and cardiovascular morbidity among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G. Mazzaglia" 1 => "E. Ambrosioni" 2 => "M. Alacqua" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.830299" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Circulation" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "120" "paginaInicial" => "1598" "paginaFinal" => "1605" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19805653" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0140" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Monitoring treatment adherence in hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "S. Erdine" 1 => "E. Arslan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s11906-013-0369-9" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Curr Hypertens Rep" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "15" "paginaInicial" => "269" "paginaFinal" => "272" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23828148" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0145" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resistant hypertension? Assessment of adherence by toxicological urine analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "O. Jung" 1 => "J.L. Gechter" 2 => "C. Wunder" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835e2286" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Hypertens" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "31" "paginaInicial" => "766" "paginaFinal" => "774" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23337469" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0150" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "High rates of non-adherence to antihypertensive treatment revealed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HP LC-MS/MS) urine analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Tomaszewski" 1 => "C. White" 2 => "P. Patel" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/heartjnl-2013-305063" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Heart" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "100" "paginaInicial" => "855" "paginaFinal" => "861" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24694797" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0155" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "When drugs don’t work: economic assessment of enhancing compliance with interventions supported by electronic monitoring devices" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "D. Hughes" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pharmacoeconomics" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "25" "paginaInicial" => "621" "paginaFinal" => "635" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17640105" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0160" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Patients’ self-reported adherence to cardiovascular medication using electronic monitors as comparators" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A. Zeller" 1 => "E. Ramseier" 2 => "A. Teagtmeyer" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1291/hypres.31.2037" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Hypertens Res" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "31" "paginaInicial" => "2037" "paginaFinal" => "2043" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19098375" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0165" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Medication adherence and associated hemoglobin A1c in type 2 diabetes" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "K. Krapek" 1 => "K. King" 2 => "S.S. Warren" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1345/aph.1D612" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Pharmacother" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "38" "paginaInicial" => "1357" "paginaFinal" => "1362" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15238621" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0170" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Concurrent and predictive validity of a self-reported measure of medication adherence" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "D.E. Morisky" 1 => "L.W. Green" 2 => "D.M. Levine" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Care" "fecha" => "1986" "volumen" => "24" "paginaInicial" => "67" "paginaFinal" => "74" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3945130" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0175" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Development and testing of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M.T. Kim" 1 => "M.N. Hill" 2 => "L.R. Bone" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Prog Cardiovasc Nurs" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "15" "paginaInicial" => "90" "paginaFinal" => "96" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10951950" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0180" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Principles of Good Practice for the Translation and Cultural Adaptation Process for Patient-Reported Outcomes (PRO) Measures: report of the ISPOR Task Force for Translation and Cultural Adaptation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "D. Wild" 1 => "A. Grove" 2 => "M. Martin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Value Health. International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR)" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "94" "paginaFinal" => "104" ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0185" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Control of allergic rhinitis and asthma test – a formal approach to the development of a measuring tool" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "L. Nogueira-Silva" 1 => "S.V. Martins" 2 => "R. Cruz-Correia" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/1465-9921-10-52" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Respir Res" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "10" "paginaInicial" => "52" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19534774" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0190" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Validation of a questionnaire (CARAT10) to assess rhinitis and asthma in patients with asthma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "J.A. Fonseca" 1 => "L. Nogueira-Silva" 2 => "M. Morais-Almeida" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02310.x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Allergy" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "65" "paginaInicial" => "1042" "paginaFinal" => "1048" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20121755" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0195" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test (CARAT): dissemination and applications in primary care" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "P. Azevedo" 1 => "J. Correia de Sousa" 2 => "J. Bousquet" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.4104/pcrj.2013.00012" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Prim Care Respir J" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "22" "paginaInicial" => "112" "paginaFinal" => "116" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23412110" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0200" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Association of 24-h urinary salt excretion with central haemodynamics and assessment of food categories contributing to salt consumption in Portuguese patients with hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "J.J. Polonia" 1 => "M-T. Magalhaes" 2 => "D. Senra" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/MBP.0000000000000005" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Blood Press Monit" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "18" "paginaInicial" => "303" "paginaFinal" => "310" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24192843" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0205" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Hill-Bone compliance to high blood pressure therapy scale for use in primary health care settings" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Karademir" 1 => "I.H. Koseoglu" 2 => "K. Vatansever" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3109/13814780903452150" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Gen Pract" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "15" "paginaInicial" => "207" "paginaFinal" => "211" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20055720" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0210" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Validating the Persian Version of the Hill-Bone's Scale of Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Dehghan" 1 => "N.D. Nayeri" 2 => "S. Iranmanesh" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Br J Med Med Res" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "235" "paginaFinal" => "246" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "identificador" => "xack203535" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" "texto" => "<p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We wish to thank Francisco Cunha, MD, Catarina Pereira, MD, Inês Costa, MD, Emanuel Araújo, MD, and Pedro Marques, MD for their assistance in the recruitment of patients to assess the Portuguese version of the questionnaire, as well as Sofia Silva, PhD, who conducted the back translation.</p>" "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/08702551/0000003500000002/v1_201602130045/S0870255116000081/v1_201602130045/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "358" "tipo" => "SECCION" "pt" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Artigos originais" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "pt" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/08702551/0000003500000002/v1_201602130045/S0870255116000081/v1_201602130045/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://revportcardiol.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255116000081?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ]
| Ano/Mês | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Novembro | 14 | 3 | 17 |
| 2024 Outubro | 62 | 43 | 105 |
| 2024 Setembro | 76 | 30 | 106 |
| 2024 Agosto | 77 | 41 | 118 |
| 2024 Julho | 51 | 29 | 80 |
| 2024 Junho | 47 | 19 | 66 |
| 2024 Maio | 55 | 22 | 77 |
| 2024 Abril | 73 | 26 | 99 |
| 2024 Maro | 74 | 25 | 99 |
| 2024 Fevereiro | 57 | 22 | 79 |
| 2024 Janeiro | 66 | 29 | 95 |
| 2023 Dezembro | 50 | 22 | 72 |
| 2023 Novembro | 60 | 30 | 90 |
| 2023 Outubro | 44 | 20 | 64 |
| 2023 Setembro | 57 | 25 | 82 |
| 2023 Agosto | 42 | 21 | 63 |
| 2023 Julho | 64 | 11 | 75 |
| 2023 Junho | 57 | 16 | 73 |
| 2023 Maio | 86 | 26 | 112 |
| 2023 Abril | 69 | 9 | 78 |
| 2023 Maro | 64 | 31 | 95 |
| 2023 Fevereiro | 67 | 27 | 94 |
| 2023 Janeiro | 46 | 26 | 72 |
| 2022 Dezembro | 60 | 25 | 85 |
| 2022 Novembro | 97 | 29 | 126 |
| 2022 Outubro | 61 | 36 | 97 |
| 2022 Setembro | 52 | 34 | 86 |
| 2022 Agosto | 70 | 66 | 136 |
| 2022 Julho | 61 | 40 | 101 |
| 2022 Junho | 71 | 33 | 104 |
| 2022 Maio | 87 | 52 | 139 |
| 2022 Abril | 100 | 37 | 137 |
| 2022 Maro | 70 | 31 | 101 |
| 2022 Fevereiro | 47 | 26 | 73 |
| 2022 Janeiro | 91 | 36 | 127 |
| 2021 Dezembro | 52 | 37 | 89 |
| 2021 Novembro | 55 | 38 | 93 |
| 2021 Outubro | 65 | 48 | 113 |
| 2021 Setembro | 58 | 39 | 97 |
| 2021 Agosto | 68 | 44 | 112 |
| 2021 Julho | 43 | 33 | 76 |
| 2021 Junho | 66 | 30 | 96 |
| 2021 Maio | 53 | 28 | 81 |
| 2021 Abril | 115 | 46 | 161 |
| 2021 Maro | 120 | 29 | 149 |
| 2021 Fevereiro | 120 | 58 | 178 |
| 2021 Janeiro | 59 | 21 | 80 |
| 2020 Dezembro | 86 | 18 | 104 |
| 2020 Novembro | 53 | 23 | 76 |
| 2020 Outubro | 60 | 19 | 79 |
| 2020 Setembro | 79 | 13 | 92 |
| 2020 Agosto | 58 | 9 | 67 |
| 2020 Julho | 100 | 10 | 110 |
| 2020 Junho | 89 | 14 | 103 |
| 2020 Maio | 107 | 11 | 118 |
| 2020 Abril | 103 | 25 | 128 |
| 2020 Maro | 101 | 17 | 118 |
| 2020 Fevereiro | 266 | 25 | 291 |
| 2020 Janeiro | 68 | 8 | 76 |
| 2019 Dezembro | 62 | 14 | 76 |
| 2019 Novembro | 60 | 10 | 70 |
| 2019 Outubro | 85 | 16 | 101 |
| 2019 Setembro | 213 | 11 | 224 |
| 2019 Agosto | 93 | 10 | 103 |
| 2019 Julho | 95 | 21 | 116 |
| 2019 Junho | 124 | 13 | 137 |
| 2019 Maio | 59 | 17 | 76 |
| 2019 Abril | 69 | 22 | 91 |
| 2019 Maro | 141 | 16 | 157 |
| 2019 Fevereiro | 120 | 11 | 131 |
| 2019 Janeiro | 96 | 9 | 105 |
| 2018 Dezembro | 107 | 12 | 119 |
| 2018 Novembro | 229 | 11 | 240 |
| 2018 Outubro | 646 | 22 | 668 |
| 2018 Setembro | 222 | 11 | 233 |
| 2018 Agosto | 295 | 11 | 306 |
| 2018 Julho | 234 | 5 | 239 |
| 2018 Junho | 132 | 7 | 139 |
| 2018 Maio | 145 | 7 | 152 |
| 2018 Abril | 153 | 5 | 158 |
| 2018 Maro | 133 | 14 | 147 |
| 2018 Fevereiro | 64 | 6 | 70 |
| 2018 Janeiro | 96 | 5 | 101 |
| 2017 Dezembro | 131 | 14 | 145 |
| 2017 Novembro | 132 | 17 | 149 |
| 2017 Outubro | 65 | 7 | 72 |
| 2017 Setembro | 107 | 3 | 110 |
| 2017 Agosto | 82 | 10 | 92 |
| 2017 Julho | 93 | 10 | 103 |
| 2017 Junho | 127 | 10 | 137 |
| 2017 Maio | 172 | 18 | 190 |
| 2017 Abril | 69 | 3 | 72 |
| 2017 Maro | 138 | 43 | 181 |
| 2017 Fevereiro | 116 | 4 | 120 |
| 2017 Janeiro | 37 | 5 | 42 |
| 2016 Dezembro | 38 | 4 | 42 |
| 2016 Novembro | 38 | 5 | 43 |
| 2016 Outubro | 87 | 10 | 97 |
| 2016 Setembro | 135 | 5 | 140 |
| 2016 Agosto | 31 | 12 | 43 |
| 2016 Julho | 14 | 7 | 21 |
| 2016 Junho | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 2016 Maio | 5 | 36 | 41 |
| 2016 Abril | 25 | 5 | 30 |
| 2016 Maro | 55 | 34 | 89 |
| 2016 Fevereiro | 102 | 56 | 158 |
Mostrar tudo
