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Image in Cardiology
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
Retorno venoso pulmonar anómalo total
Pedro Epifânioa,
Corresponding author
p.pires.epifanio@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Maria Emanuel Amarala, Ângela Moreirab, Dina Rodriguesa, António Piresa, Eduardo Castelaa
a Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Serviço de Cardiologia Pediátrica, Coimbra, Portugal
b Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Serviço de Radiologia, Coimbra, Portugal
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Total anomalous pulmonary venous return &#40;TAPVR&#41; is a rare condition&#44; accounting for 1&#37; of all congenital heart disease&#44; with 50&#37; being of the supracardiac and 20&#37; of the cardiac type&#46; The authors describe the cases of two infants with TAPVR and similar clinical manifestations&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Case 1</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A three-month-old infant was referred with a diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection with moderate respiratory distress and cyanosis&#46; Physical examination revealed bilateral pulmonary rales and a low-grade systolic murmur &#40;II&#47;VI&#41; at the upper left sternal &#40;ULS&#41; border&#46; The echocardiogram revealed marked dilation of the right chambers&#44; pulmonary trunk and superior vena cava&#44; and a large atrial septal defect &#40;ASD&#41; with right-to-left shunt&#46; A retroatrial conduit was evident with connection to the innominate vein through a vertical vein&#46; A presumptive diagnosis of supracardiac TAPVR was made&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Case 2</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A two-month-old infant with poor weight gain and a systolic murmur was referred for cardiac evaluation&#46; On examination he was in moderate respiratory distress and cyanotic&#44; with minimal response to supplementary oxygen&#46; A grade II&#47;VI ULS systolic murmur was present&#46; The echocardiogram revealed a small left atrium&#44; dilated right chambers and pulmonary trunk&#44; and a small ASD with a right-to-left shunt&#46; A retroatrial conduit emptying into the coronary sinus was also evident &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>&#41;&#46; These findings were suggestive of a cardiac type TAPVR&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Both diagnoses were confirmed by cardiac computed tomography &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0010">Figures 2 and 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Successful surgical repair was performed&#44; with subsequent clinical improvement and normalization of right heart chamber dimensions&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no experiments were performed on humans or animals for this study&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appear in this article&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appear in this article&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Echocardiogram in modified subcostal short-axis view showing a retroatrial conduit with connection with an enlarged coronary sinus &#40;solid arrows&#41;&#46; An atrial septal defect is also visible &#40;dashed arrow&#41;&#46; RA&#58; right atrium&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction in posterior view showing four pulmonary veins &#40;solid arrows&#41; draining into a retroatrial conduit &#40;dashed arrows&#41; and then into the coronary sinus &#40;CS&#41;&#46;</p>"
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ISSN: 21742049
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Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English edition)
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