Journal Information
Vol. 30. Issue 7 - 8.
Pages 679-682 (July - August 2011)
Vol. 30. Issue 7 - 8.
Pages 679-682 (July - August 2011)
Caso Clínico
Open Access
Importância de diferentes técnicas na avaliação da significância de estenoses coronárias
Importance of different techniques in assessing the significance of coronary stenosis
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Tiago Godinho Teixeira
Corresponding author
tiagoteixeiranoc@gmail.com

Autor para correspondência.
, Joana Silva, Paula Mota, A.M. Leitão-Marques
Laboratório de Hemodinâmica, Serviço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Resumo

A aterosclerose é uma doença arterial difusa, com distribuição descontínua, cujo significado fisiopatológico nem sempre é linear. A partir de um caso paradigmático faz-se a revisão das técnicas actualmente disponíveis na sala de hemodinâmica, para este fim. Trata-se de um paciente do sexo masculino, com aterosclerose coronária difusa conhecida, previamente submetido a intervenção percutânea, que realiza coronariografia após descompensação por edema agudo do pulmão, com deterioração da função ventricular esquerda e documentação de isquémia em cintigrafia de perfusão miocárdica. No cateterismo foi observada uma lesão de significado angiográfico intermédio na artéria descendente anterior, em território diferente do documentado por cintigrafia. Procedeu-se primeiro à avaliação do significado da lesão quer anatómico, através de ultrassonografia intravascular, quer funcional, através da determinação da reserva coronária com guia de pressão. Revemos a fisiopatologia desta doença, parâmetros da sua avaliação global, focando estas técnicas per-cateterismo, suas indicações e contribuição no diagnóstico e terapêutica da aterosclerose coronária.

Palavras-chave:
Aterosclerose
Guia de pressão
IVUS
Angiografia
Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a diffuse arterial disease, discontinuously distributed, that is not always linear in its pathophysiological significance. Starting with a paradigmatic clinical case, we review the hemodynamic techniques that are currently available for the assessment of this condition. We present the case of a male patient with known diffuse atherosclerotic disease, who had previously undergone angioplasty, in which angiography was repeated after acute pulmonary edema, with worsening left ventricular function and local ischemia documented by myocardial scintigraphy. The angiogram showed an intermediate lesion in the left anterior descending artery, not related to the ischemic territory. The signifi cance of the lesion was evaluated anatomically with intravascular ultrasound, and functionally by determining fractional flow reserve with a pressure wire. We review the pathophysiology of the disease and the parameters used for overall evaluation, focusing on catheterization laboratory techniques and their indications and contribution to the diagnosis and treatment of coronary atherosclerosis.

Keywords:
Atherosclerosis
Pressure wire
IVUS
Angiography
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Copyright © 2011. Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia
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