Editorial comment
Oxidative stress and atrial fibrillation – association or causation?
Stress oxidativo e fibrilhação auricular – associação ou causa?
Read
3486
Timeswas read the article
1364
Total PDF
2122
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:25 [ "pii" => "S2174204921000155" "issn" => "21742049" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2021.02.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2021-01-01" "aid" => "1670" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "copyrightAnyo" => "2020" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "dis" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2021;40:11-2" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S0870255120304443" "issn" => "08702551" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2020.05.011" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2021-01-01" "aid" => "1634" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2021;40:5-10" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Relationships between paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, total oxidant status, and DNA damage" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "pt" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "5" "paginaFinal" => "10" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Relações entre fibrilhação auricular paroxística, estado oxidativo total e lesão do DNA" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "pt" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1462 "Ancho" => 1476 "Tamanyo" => 81304 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of total oxidant status and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. AUC: area under the curve.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Mustafa Begenc Tascanov, Zulkif Tanriverdi, Fatih Gungoren, Feyzullah Besli, Muslihittin Emre Erkus, İbrahim Halil Altiparmak, Ataman Gonel, Ismail Koyuncu, Recep Demirbag" "autores" => array:9 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mustafa Begenc" "apellidos" => "Tascanov" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Zulkif" "apellidos" => "Tanriverdi" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fatih" "apellidos" => "Gungoren" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Feyzullah" "apellidos" => "Besli" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Muslihittin Emre" "apellidos" => "Erkus" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "İbrahim Halil" "apellidos" => "Altiparmak" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ataman" "apellidos" => "Gonel" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ismail" "apellidos" => "Koyuncu" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Recep" "apellidos" => "Demirbag" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2174204921000155" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2021.02.004" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204921000155?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255120304443?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08702551/0000004000000001/v1_202101220721/S0870255120304443/v1_202101220721/en/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S2174204921000052" "issn" => "21742049" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2020.04.008" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2021-01-01" "aid" => "1636" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2021;40:13-20" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Cardiac rehabilitation in older patients: Indication or limitation?" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "pt" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "13" "paginaFinal" => "20" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Reabilitação cardíaca nos idosos: indicação ou limitação?" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "pt" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 755 "Ancho" => 2913 "Tamanyo" => 343161 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Changes in exercise testing results from pre- (plain box) to post-exercise training (hatched box). *p<0.05 for within-group comparisons. METs: metabolic equivalents.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Marta Braga, Helena Nascimento, Roberto Pinto, Paulo Araújo, Alzira Nunes, Joana Rodrigues, Vítor Araújo, Fernando Parada-Pereira, Maria Júlia Maciel, Afonso Rocha" "autores" => array:10 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Marta" "apellidos" => "Braga" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Helena" "apellidos" => "Nascimento" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Roberto" "apellidos" => "Pinto" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Paulo" "apellidos" => "Araújo" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Alzira" "apellidos" => "Nunes" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Joana" "apellidos" => "Rodrigues" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Vítor" "apellidos" => "Araújo" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fernando" "apellidos" => "Parada-Pereira" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Maria Júlia" "apellidos" => "Maciel" ] 9 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Afonso" "apellidos" => "Rocha" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0870255120304467" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2020.04.009" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255120304467?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204921000052?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/21742049/0000004000000001/v1_202102241115/S2174204921000052/v1_202102241115/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S2174204921000040" "issn" => "21742049" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2020.05.020" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2021-01-01" "aid" => "1634" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2021;40:5-10" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Relationships between paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, total oxidant status, and DNA damage" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "pt" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "5" "paginaFinal" => "10" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Relações entre fibrilhação auricular paroxística, estado oxidativo total e lesão do DNA" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "pt" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1462 "Ancho" => 1476 "Tamanyo" => 81304 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of total oxidant status and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. AUC: area under the curve.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Mustafa Begenc Tascanov, Zulkif Tanriverdi, Fatih Gungoren, Feyzullah Besli, Muslihittin Emre Erkus, İbrahim Halil Altiparmak, Ataman Gonel, Ismail Koyuncu, Recep Demirbag" "autores" => array:9 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mustafa Begenc" "apellidos" => "Tascanov" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Zulkif" "apellidos" => "Tanriverdi" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fatih" "apellidos" => "Gungoren" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Feyzullah" "apellidos" => "Besli" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Muslihittin Emre" "apellidos" => "Erkus" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "İbrahim Halil" "apellidos" => "Altiparmak" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ataman" "apellidos" => "Gonel" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ismail" "apellidos" => "Koyuncu" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Recep" "apellidos" => "Demirbag" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0870255120304443" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2020.05.011" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255120304443?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204921000040?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/21742049/0000004000000001/v1_202102241115/S2174204921000040/v1_202102241115/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial comment</span>" "titulo" => "Oxidative stress and atrial fibrillation – association or causation?" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "11" "paginaFinal" => "12" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Francisco Moscoso Costa, Fu Siong Ng" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Francisco" "apellidos" => "Moscoso Costa" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "fmoscosocosta@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Fu Siong" "apellidos" => "Ng" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Cardiology, Santa Cruz Hospital, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Heart Rhythm Center, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Cardiology, Hospital da Luz Setubal, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Stress</span> oxidativo e fibrilhação auricular – associação ou causa?" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest arrhythmia, with >8 million people in the European Union estimated to have AF in 2010.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> AF increases mortality at least 1.5-fold, is responsible for an increase in embolic strokes, and can also cause a range of debilitating symptoms. At present, treatments for AF, especially persistent AF, have limited success. Catheter ablation, which is a key treatment for AF, has a ceiling of success of approximately 50% in persistent AF. A possible reason for the lack of success in treating persistent AF may be that current antiarrhythmic medications and ablation strategies do not adequately target the underlying mechanisms of AF and its pathophysiology.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The pathophysiology of AF is complex. The pulmonary veins are important triggers for AF, and a number of electrophysiological (e.g. reduced IK1 and ICa-L currents) and anatomical (branching fibers with limited lateral coupling and abrupt fiber orientation change) features predispose the pulmonary veins to ectopy.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> This has led to electrical isolation of the pulmonary veins being the cornerstone of AF ablation. However, the triggers are only part of the story, and remodeling of the atrial substrate is equally, if not more, important. The atrial substrate undergoes a series of adverse remodeling changes, including upregulation of potassium channels leading to a reduction in action potential duration, increased fibrosis and a reduction in gap junction coupling. These abnormalities of conduction and refractoriness all promote re-entry, and thus the maintenance of AF.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">An often neglected aspect of AF pathophysiology is the potential role played by inflammation and oxidative stress in creating the electrical and structural remodeling that predisposes to AF. Inflammatory markers have been shown to be increased in patients with AF. Furthermore, in chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, there are approximately 1.5- and 2.0-fold increases in atrial arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, respectively.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> This is because inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, increase fibrosis by causing cardiac fibroblasts to proliferate, promoting differentiation to myofibroblasts, and increasing collagen deposition. They also modulate the activity of a number of ion currents, for example reducing the transient outward current (Ito) and both components of the delayed rectifier potassium current (IKs and Ikr) to reduce refractoriness,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> all of which combine to promote arrhythmogenesis.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Oxidative stress, which is increased in inflammation, is also thought to play an important role in AF.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), more specifically, increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity, have been demonstrated in patients with AF.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Increased NOX can promote fibrosis through stimulation of transforming growth factor beta, which then increases atrial arrhythmogenesis. Furthermore, ROS signaling has also been shown to modulate both ion channel function and calcium-induced calcium release, both directly and via second messenger systems. However, despite evidence linking oxidative stress with AF, antioxidant therapy has not been shown to reduce AF in clinical trials. This may be because existing antioxidant therapies are not sufficiently targeting the key oxidative stress pathways. Another possible reason is that increased oxidative stress is merely associated with AF, and is a general marker for atrial myopathy, but does not play a key role in AF pathogenesis.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this issue of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Journal</span>, Tascanov et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> investigate the relationship between total oxidative status (TOS), DNA damage and paroxysmal AF (PAF). The authors compared a series of 56 patients with paroxysmal AF to healthy controls and reported higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, TOS and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in the PAF group. Furthermore, they propose that TOS and DNA damage can be used to detect patients at higher risk of AF.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Elevated TOS levels have been related to AF in patients admitted for ST-elevation myocardial infarction<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> and patients referred for coronary artery bypass graft surgery.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> Also, blood 8-OHdG levels (indicating DNA damage) levels have been related to progression from paroxysmal to persistent AF and have been proposed as a biomarker for AF staging and recurrence after cardioversion and pulmonary vein isolation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tascanov et al.’s findings add to this body of evidence by relating TOS and DNA damage in a general population with PAF, but they do not go on to clarify a potential causal relationship. Whether oxidative stress (OS) causes AF, AF increases OS, or they are independent markers of atrial cardiomyopathy, remains to be answered.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors propose using TOS and DNA damage to identify patients at higher risk for AF. Current strategies to mitigate the consequences of AF focus on early diagnosis and treatment and, to achieve this, opportunistic and systematic screening for AF is recommended for patients at higher thromboembolic risk, mostly defined by age over 65 years and other clinical variables.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> In the future, if TOS, DNA damage or other biomarkers prove to be effective in better stratifying and identifying individuals at highest risk of AF to target screening, they could add value to the current approach. Better identifying a population at high risk of developing AF would help not only to improve screening efforts but also to select patients who could benefit from more aggressive risk factor management. Nevertheless, any potential change to the current benchmark needs not only to prove cost-effectiveness but to be widely available in clinical practice.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finally, current AF treatment relies mostly on stroke prevention, rate and rhythm control. Further insight into the pathogenesis of AF may also unveil novel treatment options that could help delay or ideally suppress AF progression. Future research should focus on the translation of our basic understanding of the role of oxidative stress in AF pathophysiology into more focused preventive strategies and more effective treatment options, and for this, the possible causative relation between oxidative stress and atrial fibrillation still needs to be clarified.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest" ] 1 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:13 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Projections on the number of individuals with atrial fibrillation in the European Union, from 2000 to 2060" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "B.P. Krijthe" 1 => "A. Kunst" 2 => "E.J. Benjamin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1093/eurheartj/eht280" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Heart J" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "34" "paginaInicial" => "2746" "paginaFinal" => "2751" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23900699" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Toward mechanism-directed electrophenotype-based treatments for atrial fibrillation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "F.S. Ng" 1 => "B.S. Handa" 2 => "X. Li" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3389/fphys.2020.00987" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Front Physiol" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "11" "paginaInicial" => "987" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33013435" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Molecular basis of atrial fibrillation pathophysiology and therapy: a translational perspective" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S. Nattel" 1 => "J. Heijman" 2 => "L. Zhou" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.316363" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Circ Res" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "127" "paginaInicial" => "51" "paginaFinal" => "72" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32717172" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Systemic inflammation and arrhythmic risk: lessons from rheumatoid arthritis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "P.E. Lazzerini" 1 => "P.L. Capecchi" 2 => "F. Laghi-Pasini" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1093/eurheartj/ehw208" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Heart J" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "38" "paginaInicial" => "1717" "paginaFinal" => "1727" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27252448" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0090" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Proarrhythmic electrophysiological and structural remodeling in rheumatoid arthritis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "K.H.K. Patel" 1 => "T.N. Jones" 2 => "S. Sattler" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1152/ajpheart.00401.2020" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol." "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "319" "paginaInicial" => "H1008" "paginaFinal" => "H1020" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32946265" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0095" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Association between oxidative stress and atrial fibrillation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A. Samman Tahhan" 1 => "P.B. Sandesara" 2 => "S.S. Hayek" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.07.028" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Heart Rhythm" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "14" "paginaInicial" => "1849" "paginaFinal" => "1855" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28757307" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0100" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Atrial fibrillation therapy now and in the future: drugs, biologicals, and ablation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "C.E. Woods" 1 => "J. Olgin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.114.302362" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Circ Res" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "114" "paginaInicial" => "1532" "paginaFinal" => "1546" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763469" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0105" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Relationships among paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, total oxidate status and DNA damage" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M.B. Tascanov" 1 => "Z. Tanriverdi" 2 => "F. Gungoren" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Port Cardiol" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "40" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0110" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The association of plasma oxidative status and inflammation with the development of atrial fibrillation in patients presenting with ST elevation myocardial infarction" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "H.A. Bas" 1 => "F. Aksoy" 2 => "A. Icli" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1080/00365513.2016.1244857" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Scand J Clin Lab Invest" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "77" "paginaInicial" => "77" "paginaFinal" => "82" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27905214" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0115" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The effect of oxidative stress related with ischemia-reperfusion damage on the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation developing after coronary artery bypass graft surgery" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "V. Oktay" 1 => "O. Baydar" 2 => "Ü. Yaşar Sinan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.5543/tkda.2014.84032" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "42" "paginaInicial" => "419" "paginaFinal" => "425" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25080946" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0120" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Brundel blood-based 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine level: a potential diagnostic biomarker for atrial fibrillation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "O.J. Li" 1 => "O.D. Zhang" 2 => "S. Kennedy" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.09.017" "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "Heart Rhythm 2020" "fecha" => "2020" ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0125" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "DNA damage, an innocent bystander in atrial fibrillation and other cardiovascular diseases?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S. Kennedy" 1 => "J. Ramos Bianca" 2 => "J.M. Brundel" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3389/fcvm.2020.00067" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Front Cardiovasc Med" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "7" "paginaInicial" => "67" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32411727" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0130" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "ESC Scientific Document Group 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS): The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G. Hindricks" 1 => "T. Potpara" 2 => "N. Dagres" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Heart J" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "00" "paginaInicial" => "1125" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/21742049/0000004000000001/v1_202102241115/S2174204921000155/v1_202102241115/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "9917" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Original Articles" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21742049/0000004000000001/v1_202102241115/S2174204921000155/v1_202102241115/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://revportcardiol.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204921000155?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 8 | 6 | 14 |
| 2024 October | 117 | 37 | 154 |
| 2024 September | 51 | 31 | 82 |
| 2024 August | 50 | 36 | 86 |
| 2024 July | 41 | 34 | 75 |
| 2024 June | 34 | 29 | 63 |
| 2024 May | 39 | 12 | 51 |
| 2024 April | 46 | 31 | 77 |
| 2024 March | 32 | 21 | 53 |
| 2024 February | 40 | 21 | 61 |
| 2024 January | 33 | 29 | 62 |
| 2023 December | 29 | 26 | 55 |
| 2023 November | 43 | 39 | 82 |
| 2023 October | 22 | 16 | 38 |
| 2023 September | 31 | 21 | 52 |
| 2023 August | 30 | 17 | 47 |
| 2023 July | 28 | 7 | 35 |
| 2023 June | 30 | 12 | 42 |
| 2023 May | 44 | 30 | 74 |
| 2023 April | 31 | 7 | 38 |
| 2023 March | 54 | 24 | 78 |
| 2023 February | 41 | 21 | 62 |
| 2023 January | 32 | 16 | 48 |
| 2022 December | 50 | 26 | 76 |
| 2022 November | 70 | 38 | 108 |
| 2022 October | 62 | 28 | 90 |
| 2022 September | 60 | 36 | 96 |
| 2022 August | 74 | 37 | 111 |
| 2022 July | 81 | 39 | 120 |
| 2022 June | 77 | 29 | 106 |
| 2022 May | 67 | 37 | 104 |
| 2022 April | 41 | 45 | 86 |
| 2022 March | 44 | 43 | 87 |
| 2022 February | 30 | 50 | 80 |
| 2022 January | 25 | 27 | 52 |
| 2021 December | 29 | 42 | 71 |
| 2021 November | 35 | 35 | 70 |
| 2021 October | 63 | 59 | 122 |
| 2021 September | 41 | 32 | 73 |
| 2021 August | 39 | 33 | 72 |
| 2021 July | 18 | 19 | 37 |
| 2021 June | 23 | 26 | 49 |
| 2021 May | 35 | 33 | 68 |
| 2021 April | 163 | 73 | 236 |
| 2021 March | 69 | 48 | 117 |
| 2021 February | 20 | 6 | 26 |
Show all
