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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Abnormal vascular connections to the right ventricle &#40;RV&#41; are rare congenital malformations&#46; The majority of cases are diagnosed incidentally&#44; and most patients are asymptomatic&#46; The authors present three cases of right ventricular fistulae of non-coronary origin&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Case 1</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 2-year-old asymptomatic boy with a heart murmur underwent an echocardiogram which showed turbulent flow in the subaortic region&#46; He was catheterized and the aortic angiogram revealed a hemodynamically insignificant fistulous tract between the right sinus of Valsalva and the RV &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Case 2</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 3-year-old asymptomatic boy was referred due to a murmur suggestive of a ventricular septal defect&#46; In the echocardiogram&#44; a turbulent flow was evident in the proximal ascending aorta&#44; as well as in the right ventricular wall&#46; In order to clarify the morphology of this apparent fistulous tract&#44; he underwent a cardiac computerized tomography scan&#44; which confirmed the presence of a fistula between the ascending aorta and the RV &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Case 3</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 19-day-old baby boy was admitted to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit following cardiorespiratory arrest of unknown cause&#46; Cardiac catheterization to rule out anomalous coronary artery anatomy was performed and the right ventricular angiogram revealed a fistulous tract between the RV and the pulmonary artery &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Conclusions</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The majority of congenital fistulae to the RV originate in the coronary artery bed&#46; Other sites of origin&#44; such as those demonstrated in these cases&#44; are exceedingly rare&#46; To the best of our knowledge&#44; few have been reported during infancy&#46; As these fistulae were found accidentally&#44; we opted for a conservative approach&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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