Letter to the Editor
Methodology, as well as physiological and pathological conditions, can affect analysis of the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio
A metodologia assim como as condições fisiológica e patológica podem afetar a análise da relação linfócitos/monócitos
Mustafa Gülgün
Gulhane Traning and Research Hospital, Pediatric Cardiology, Ankara, Turkey
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fisiológica e patológica podem afetar a análise da relação linfócitos/monócitos" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">I read the article by Efe et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> entitled “Calcific aortic stenosis and its correlation with a novel inflammatory marker, the lymphocyte/monocyte ratio” published in the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Portuguese Journal of Cardiology</span>. The authors aimed to assess the correlation between severity of calcific aortic stenosis and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in adult patients. They reported that there was a statistically significant inverse relationship between severity of calcific aortic stenosis and LMR values in patients compared with healthy controls.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The LMR is calculated as the ratio of lymphocyte count to monocyte count from a whole blood count, which is a commonly used, automated, cheap and easily accessible laboratory test in clinical practice. Similarly to the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, the LMR may also be used as an indicator of systemic inflammation in several diseases such as malignancy or cardiovascular disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> However, the lymphocyte count is affected by gender, age, race, time of sampling, physical and psychological stress, pregnancy, drugs (cephalosporin, chemotherapy, steroids), tuberculosis, viral infections, smoking, presence of anti-lymphocyte autoantibodies and procedures such as splenectomy.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> Standardization of procedures in LMR analysis is vital for reducing variations in results from different laboratories. Different methods of sample collection, processing and analysis, as well as the time of collection, instruments and types of equipment used for the complete blood count, can cause variations in lymphocyte counts. Circadian or diurnal variation of lymphocyte levels – variation in T cell counts at different time points during the day in the same person – is another factor affecting fluctuations in lymphocyte count, which can reach up to 20%. Finally, strenuous physical activity may also be an influential factor in variations in lymphocyte count.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion, I think that the results of LMR analysis would be more reliable if based on prospective research into technical and methodological aspects, as well as physiological and pathological conditions. It would thus be easier to understand whether there is a strong correlation between LMR and severity of calcific aortic stenosis.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The author has no conflicts of interest to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest" ] 1 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Calcific aortic stenosis and its correlation with a novel inflammatory marker, the lymphocyte/monocyte ratio" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "T.H. Efe" 1 => "K. Gayretli Yayla" 2 => "C. Yayla" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2016.06.008" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Port Cardiol" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "35" "paginaInicial" => "573" "paginaFinal" => "578" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27697308" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts coronary artery lesion complexity and mortality after non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "K. Soylu" 1 => "Ö. Gedikli" 2 => "G. Dagasan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2015.01.013" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Port Cardiol" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "34" "paginaInicial" => "465" "paginaFinal" => "471" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26164277" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S030228380800626X" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "03022838" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A review on peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocyte counts in healthy adult Indians" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A. Shete" 1 => "M. Thakar" 2 => "P.R. Abraham" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Indian J Med Res" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "132" "paginaInicial" => "667" "paginaFinal" => "675" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21245613" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0022534708002590" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00225347" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Evaluating total lymphocyte counts as a substitute for CD4 counts in the follow up of AIDS patients" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A.L. Angelo" 1 => "C.D. Angelo" 2 => "A.J. Torres" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Braz J Infect Dis" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "11" "paginaInicial" => "466" "paginaFinal" => "470" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962871" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/21742049/0000003600000004/v1_201704230025/S2174204917301009/v1_201704230025/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "29282" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letters to the editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21742049/0000003600000004/v1_201704230025/S2174204917301009/v1_201704230025/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://revportcardiol.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204917301009?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ]
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