was read the article
array:25 [ "pii" => "S2174204915001877" "issn" => "21742049" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2015.08.007" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2015-09-01" "aid" => "673" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "copyrightAnyo" => "2015" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2015;34:551-4" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3031 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 150 "HTML" => 2256 "PDF" => 625 ] ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S0870255115001869" "issn" => "08702551" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2015.03.011" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2015-09-01" "aid" => "673" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2015;34:551-4" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3553 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 192 "HTML" => 2661 "PDF" => 700 ] ] "en" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "M-mode apical systolic excursion: A new and simple method to evaluate global left ventricular longitudinal strain" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "pt" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "551" "paginaFinal" => "554" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "pt" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1049 "Ancho" => 1400 "Tamanyo" => 251862 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Example of M-mode apical systolic excursion measurement.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "José Amado, Fabián Islas, Islas Leopoldo Pérez de Isla, Jose Juan Gómez de Diego, Alberto de Agustín, Miguel Angel García-Fernandez" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José" "apellidos" => "Amado" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fabián" "apellidos" => "Islas" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Islas Leopoldo Pérez" "apellidos" => "de Isla" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Jose Juan Gómez" "apellidos" => "de Diego" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Alberto" "apellidos" => "de Agustín" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Miguel Angel" "apellidos" => "García-Fernandez" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2174204915001877" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2015.08.007" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204915001877?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255115001869?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08702551/0000003400000009/v1_201509110034/S0870255115001869/v1_201509110034/en/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S2174204915001889" "issn" => "21742049" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2015.08.008" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2015-09-01" "aid" => "675" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "crp" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2015;34:555.e1-4" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 4427 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 193 "HTML" => 3634 "PDF" => 600 ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Case report</span>" "titulo" => "Endovascular management of IVC syndrome after IVC filter placement" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "pt" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "555.e1" "paginaFinal" => "555.e4" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Tratamento endovascular da síndrome da veia cava inferior após colocação do filtro da veia cava inferior" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "pt" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 2586 "Ancho" => 3169 "Tamanyo" => 456865 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">(A) Right femoral venogram; (B) left femoral venogram through Quick-Cross catheter demonstrating IVC interruption at the level of the IVC filter; (C) selective IVC venogram through Quick-Cross catheter above the IVC filter showing IVC stenosis; (D and E) balloon angioplasty of the IVC and right femoral vein through the IVC filter; (F) angiogram after percutaneous balloon angioplasty; (G and H) angiogram after stent placement.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Konstantinos Marmagkiolis, Vasili Lendel, Mehmet Cilingiroglu" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Konstantinos" "apellidos" => "Marmagkiolis" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Vasili" "apellidos" => "Lendel" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mehmet" "apellidos" => "Cilingiroglu" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0870255115001882" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2015.01.019" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255115001882?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204915001889?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/21742049/0000003400000009/v1_201509130054/S2174204915001889/v1_201509130054/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S2174204915001865" "issn" => "21742049" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2015.08.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2015-09-01" "aid" => "669" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2015;34:543-9" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3360 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 175 "HTML" => 2569 "PDF" => 616 ] ] "en" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Autonomic activity and biomarker behavior in supine position and after passive postural stress in different orthostatic intolerance syndromes" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "pt" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "543" "paginaFinal" => "549" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Atividade autonómica e neurohormonal em doentes com intolerância ortostática durante o supino e após ortostatismo passivo" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "pt" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "João Freitas, Elsa Azevedo, Rosa Santos, Maria Júlia Maciel, Francisco Rocha-Gonçalves" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "João" "apellidos" => "Freitas" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Elsa" "apellidos" => "Azevedo" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Rosa" "apellidos" => "Santos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Maria Júlia" "apellidos" => "Maciel" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Francisco" "apellidos" => "Rocha-Gonçalves" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0870255115001821" "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2015.03.009" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255115001821?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204915001865?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/21742049/0000003400000009/v1_201509130054/S2174204915001865/v1_201509130054/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:19 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "M-mode apical systolic excursion: A new and simple method to evaluate global left ventricular longitudinal strain" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "551" "paginaFinal" => "554" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "José Amado, Fabián Islas, Islas Leopoldo Pérez de Isla, Jose Juan Gómez de Diego, Alberto de Agustín, Miguel Angel García-Fernandez" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "José" "apellidos" => "Amado" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "Pina_amado@hotmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Fabián" "apellidos" => "Islas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Islas Leopoldo Pérez" "apellidos" => "de Isla" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Jose Juan Gómez" "apellidos" => "de Diego" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Alberto" "apellidos" => "de Agustín" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Miguel Angel" "apellidos" => "García-Fernandez" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Universidad Carlos III, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1749 "Ancho" => 2334 "Tamanyo" => 543584 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Example of M-mode apical systolic excursion measurement.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Introduction</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cardiac echocardiography has evolved and new methods have been developed to assess left ventricular (LV) mechanics. One of these techniques is three-dimensional wall motion tracking (3D-WMT), which enables assessment of global LV longitudinal strain (LVLS), radial and circumferential strain simultaneously. It has been described as a reliable parameter that is less dependent on loading conditions<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> and allows the measurement of left ventricular mechanics.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Theoretically, M-mode measurements can assess deformation of specific LV regions, so it is to be expected that the study of different regions of the myocardium will allow global LV deformation to be predicted. Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) is a parameter used to assess left ventricular longitudinal function,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> and has been recently correlated with LVLS, as an early predictor of systolic dysfunction.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our goal is to assess whether M-mode apical systolic excursion (MMASE) and MAPSE could be correlated with LVLS.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Methods</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Consecutive patients aged >18 years with preserved LV systolic function and a good acoustic window were recruited. All subjects underwent a full echocardiographic evaluation. MAPSE was measured in 4-chamber view with an M-mode cursor positioned through the mitral annulus, close to the lateral wall. MMASE was calculated by subtracting the distance between the apical line in M-mode in end-diastole and in end-systole. These distances were measured in 4-chamber view with the left ventricle centered in the scanning sector and the M-mode cursor positioned through the apex. The distance between the apical line and the mitral valve was measured in end-diastole and end-systole, as shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Three-dimensional wall motion tracking (3D-WMT) was performed with an Artida system and a PST-25SX probe. Global LVLS, radial strain, circumferential strain and area tracking were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0.</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Results</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Thirty-one patients were enrolled (mean age 60.1±21.0 years; 54.8% men). Eighteen (58%) patients were hypertensive, eight (25.8%) had dyslipidemia, and two (6.5%) had diabetes.</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In terms of two-dimensional echocardiographic parameters, mean LV ejection fraction was 65±9%, mean LV diastolic diameter 44.8±6.9 mm, mean MAPSE 16.7±2.7 mm and mean MMASE 8.6±2.4 mm. On 3D-WMT analysis, mean LVLS of −17.3±2.4, mean LV radial strain of 29.1±7.8 and mean LV circumferential strain of −28.2±7.3 were observed.</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Analysis of the dataset showed statistically significant correlations between MAPSE and LVLS (−0.372; p=0.04) and between MMASE and LVLS (−0.398; p=0.027), as shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>. This association was slightly stronger for MMASE. There was no significant statistical correlation between these two parameters and LV ejection fraction or radial or circumferential strain. LVLS was linearly related to MAPSE and MMASE (in mm) as follows: ST=−10.6 −0.4 * MAPSE (r2=0.14) and ST=−13.1 −0.5 * MMASE (r2=0.16). Although it was not an objective of the study, we also observed a correlation between age and LVLS of 0.52 (p=0.003) and MMASE of −0.425 (p=0.017). There was no statistically significant correlation between age and MAPSE.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Discussion</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study demonstrates that although somewhat primitive, M-mode echocardiography can provide options for the study of LV mechanics. With our new method of evaluation, MMASE was correlated with 3D-WMT longitudinal strain results, and so may have the ability to evaluate LV mechanics.</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">MAPSE has been reported as a method for LV evaluation in patients with LV systolic dysfunction<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,5</span></a> and has recently been shown to correlate with LV function measurements, such as longitudinal strain and apical rotation in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Our study confirmed that MAPSE correlates with LVLS and is a parameter that can assess LV longitudinal function, but the correlation with LVLS was stronger for MMASE. We also observed that longitudinal strain was worse when MAPSE and MMASE values decreased, and with aging. Kuznetsova et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> reported age as an independent predictor of worse longitudinal strain. We also described a relation between MMASE and age that indicates worsening of apical excursion with increasing age.</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Longitudinal strain has been established as an early predictor of LV systolic dysfunction.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> In this study there was no correlation between LV function and any of the parameters evaluated, indicating that alterations in these M-mode parameters might indicate subclinical systolic dysfunction.</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nonetheless, although new and more sophisticated techniques to study LV function are appearing, M-mode measures appear to be simpler and faster and can provide values that might be good prognostic markers.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conclusions</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">M-mode methods such as MAPSE and especially MMASE appear to be related to global LVLS. Our results demonstrate that subclinical systolic dysfunction can be estimated by simpler and faster methods than strain based on complex speckle analysis.</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that the procedures followed were in accordance with the regulations of the relevant clinical research ethics committee and with those of the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki).</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have followed the protocols of their work center on the publication of patient data.</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have obtained the written informed consent of the patients or subjects mentioned in the article. The corresponding author is in possession of this document.</p></span></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:12 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres552150" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec569514" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres552151" "titulo" => "Resumo" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Introdução" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusão" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec569515" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Ethical disclosures" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Protection of human and animal subjects" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Confidentiality of data" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Right to privacy and informed consent" ] ] ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest" ] 11 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2015-01-13" "fechaAceptado" => "2015-03-11" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec569514" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "M-mode echocardiography" 1 => "Longitudinal strain" 2 => "3D wall motion tracking" ] ] ] "pt" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec569515" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Ecocardiograma Modo-M" 1 => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Strain</span> longitudinal" 2 => "3D <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">wall motion tracking</span>" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introduction</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Since M-mode measurements can assess deformation of specific regions of the left ventricle, we hypothesized that M-mode measurements like M-mode apical systolic excursion (MMASE) and mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) may be correlated with left ventricular longitudinal strain (LVLS).</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">All subjects of the study underwent a full echocardiographic evaluation and MMASE and MAPSE measurement. Three-dimensional wall motion tracking (3D-WMT) was performed.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Thirty-one patients were evaluated. Significant correlations between MAPSE and LVLS (−0.372; p=0.04) and between MMASE and LVLS (−0.398; p=0.027) were found. LVLS was linearly related to MAPSE and MMASE (in mm) as follows: ST=−10.6 −0.4 * MAPSE (r2=0.14) and ST=−13.1 −0.5 * MMASE (r2=0.16).</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Our results demonstrate that simpler and faster methods than strain based on complex speckle analysis can also have a role in predicting subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "pt" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumo" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Introdução</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Uma vez que as medições em Modo-M podem determinar a deformação de regiões específicas do ventrículo esquerdo, neste trabalho é colocada a hipótese de que medidas como a excursão sistólica apical em modo-M (MMASE) e a MAPSE podem ser correlacionadas com o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Strain</span> Longitudinal do Ventrículo Esquerdo (SLVE).</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Métodos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Todos os indivíduos do estudo foram submetidos a uma avaliação ecocardiográfica completa, à medição da MMASE e da MAPSE. Foi ainda realizado o 3D-<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">wall motion tracking</span> (3D-WMT).</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Foram avaliados 31 pacientes, tendo sido obtida uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre a MAPSE e o SLVE (−0.372; p=0.04) e entre a MMASE e o SLVE (−0,398; p=0,027). Estas medidas apresentaram uma correlação linear: ST=−10,6 -0,4 * MAPSE (r2=0.14) and ST=−13,1 −0,5 * MMASE (r2=0,16).</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusão</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Os nossos resultados demonstram que métodos mais simples e rápidos que o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">strain</span> podem também ser úteis na determinação da disfunção subclínica sistólica do ventrículo esquerdo.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Introdução" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusão" ] ] ] ] "nomenclatura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "nom0005" "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">List of abbreviations</span>" "listaDefinicion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "definicion" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "termino" => "3D-WMT" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">three-dimensional wall motion tracking</p>" ] 1 => array:2 [ "termino" => "LV" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">left ventricular</p>" ] 2 => array:2 [ "termino" => "LVLS" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">global left ventricular longitudinal strain</p>" ] 3 => array:2 [ "termino" => "MAPSE" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">mitral annular plane systolic excursion</p>" ] 4 => array:2 [ "termino" => "MMASE" "descripcion" => "<p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">M-mode apical systolic excursion</p>" ] ] ] ] ] ] "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1749 "Ancho" => 2334 "Tamanyo" => 543584 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Example of M-mode apical systolic excursion measurement.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">LVLS: left ventricular longitudinal strain; MAPSE: mitral annulus plane excursion; MMASE: M-mode apical systolic excursion.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Age (p) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">LVLS (p) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">MAPSE (p) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">MMASE (p) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Age (p) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.522 (0.003) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−0.305 (0.095) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−0.425 (0.017) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">LVLS (p) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.522 (0.003) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−0.372 (040) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−0.398 (0.027) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">MAPSE (p) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−0.305 (0.095) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−0.372 (040) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.479 (0.006) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">MMASE (p) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−0.425 (0.017) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">−0.398 (0.027) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.479 (0.006) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab891419.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Correlations.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:6 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "3D-wall motion tracking: a new tool for myocardial contractility analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "L. Perez de Isla" 1 => "C. Montes" 2 => "T. Monzón" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown)" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "63" "paginaInicial" => "695" "paginaFinal" => "707" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Normal long axis function" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "M.Y. Henein" 1 => "D.G. Gibson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Heart" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "81" "paginaInicial" => "111" "paginaFinal" => "113" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9922343" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mitral annular plane systolic excursion on exercise: a simple diagnostic tool for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "F.W.G. Wenzelburger" 1 => "Y.T. Tan" 2 => "F.J. Choudhary" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1093/eurjhf/hfr081" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Heart Fail" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "13" "paginaInicial" => "953" "paginaFinal" => "960" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21807660" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mitral annular motion as a surrogate for left ventricular function: correlation with brain natriuretic peptide levels" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "M.F. Elnoamany" 1 => "A.K. Abdelhameed" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.euje.2005.05.005" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Echocardiogr" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "7" "paginaInicial" => "187" "paginaFinal" => "198" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16046188" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Clinical implication of mitral annular plane systolic excursion for patients with cardiovascular disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "K. Hu" 1 => "D. Liu" 2 => "S. Herrmann" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1093/ehjci/jes240" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Heart J – Cardiovasc Imaging" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "14" "paginaInicial" => "205" "paginaFinal" => "212" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23161791" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Left ventricular strain and strain rate in a general population" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "T. Kuznetsova" 1 => "L. Herbots" 2 => "T. Richart" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1093/eurheartj/ehn280" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Heart J" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "29" "paginaInicial" => "2014" "paginaFinal" => "2023" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18583396" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/21742049/0000003400000009/v1_201509130054/S2174204915001877/v1_201509130054/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "9911" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Short original article" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21742049/0000003400000009/v1_201509130054/S2174204915001877/v1_201509130054/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://revportcardiol.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204915001877?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ]
Year/Month | Html | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
2024 November | 5 | 2 | 7 |
2024 October | 74 | 29 | 103 |
2024 September | 89 | 23 | 112 |
2024 August | 70 | 34 | 104 |
2024 July | 63 | 47 | 110 |
2024 June | 44 | 23 | 67 |
2024 May | 57 | 27 | 84 |
2024 April | 55 | 31 | 86 |
2024 March | 41 | 32 | 73 |
2024 February | 40 | 51 | 91 |
2024 January | 43 | 40 | 83 |
2023 December | 36 | 31 | 67 |
2023 November | 52 | 19 | 71 |
2023 October | 43 | 20 | 63 |
2023 September | 45 | 22 | 67 |
2023 August | 46 | 18 | 64 |
2023 July | 47 | 13 | 60 |
2023 June | 58 | 12 | 70 |
2023 May | 74 | 23 | 97 |
2023 April | 52 | 10 | 62 |
2023 March | 64 | 19 | 83 |
2023 February | 44 | 20 | 64 |
2023 January | 46 | 23 | 69 |
2022 December | 66 | 23 | 89 |
2022 November | 78 | 22 | 100 |
2022 October | 79 | 31 | 110 |
2022 September | 67 | 25 | 92 |
2022 August | 55 | 31 | 86 |
2022 July | 69 | 34 | 103 |
2022 June | 67 | 25 | 92 |
2022 May | 54 | 31 | 85 |
2022 April | 60 | 25 | 85 |
2022 March | 37 | 25 | 62 |
2022 February | 59 | 26 | 85 |
2022 January | 77 | 33 | 110 |
2021 December | 42 | 40 | 82 |
2021 November | 53 | 38 | 91 |
2021 October | 65 | 49 | 114 |
2021 September | 48 | 27 | 75 |
2021 August | 56 | 34 | 90 |
2021 July | 41 | 31 | 72 |
2021 June | 52 | 33 | 85 |
2021 May | 66 | 46 | 112 |
2021 April | 117 | 47 | 164 |
2021 March | 72 | 21 | 93 |
2021 February | 80 | 14 | 94 |
2021 January | 55 | 9 | 64 |
2020 December | 71 | 8 | 79 |
2020 November | 37 | 23 | 60 |
2020 October | 23 | 10 | 33 |
2020 September | 43 | 12 | 55 |
2020 August | 35 | 13 | 48 |
2020 July | 58 | 6 | 64 |
2020 June | 64 | 15 | 79 |
2020 May | 39 | 8 | 47 |
2020 April | 45 | 12 | 57 |
2020 March | 34 | 11 | 45 |
2020 February | 97 | 29 | 126 |
2020 January | 38 | 10 | 48 |
2019 December | 53 | 7 | 60 |
2019 November | 36 | 8 | 44 |
2019 October | 81 | 11 | 92 |
2019 September | 89 | 7 | 96 |
2019 August | 40 | 11 | 51 |
2019 July | 63 | 12 | 75 |
2019 June | 52 | 10 | 62 |
2019 May | 38 | 9 | 47 |
2019 April | 39 | 12 | 51 |
2019 March | 35 | 8 | 43 |
2019 February | 36 | 8 | 44 |
2019 January | 31 | 5 | 36 |
2018 December | 44 | 16 | 60 |
2018 November | 108 | 13 | 121 |
2018 October | 265 | 13 | 278 |
2018 September | 62 | 14 | 76 |
2018 August | 32 | 48 | 80 |
2018 July | 25 | 6 | 31 |
2018 June | 40 | 10 | 50 |
2018 May | 25 | 7 | 32 |
2018 April | 46 | 3 | 49 |
2018 March | 47 | 14 | 61 |
2018 February | 25 | 5 | 30 |
2018 January | 48 | 7 | 55 |
2017 December | 69 | 8 | 77 |
2017 November | 28 | 14 | 42 |
2017 October | 27 | 14 | 41 |
2017 September | 24 | 7 | 31 |
2017 August | 32 | 16 | 48 |
2017 July | 18 | 13 | 31 |
2017 June | 28 | 5 | 33 |
2017 May | 37 | 7 | 44 |
2017 April | 35 | 2 | 37 |
2017 March | 32 | 48 | 80 |
2017 February | 31 | 10 | 41 |
2017 January | 31 | 4 | 35 |
2016 December | 25 | 15 | 40 |
2016 November | 36 | 7 | 43 |
2016 October | 37 | 0 | 37 |
2016 September | 32 | 8 | 40 |
2016 August | 16 | 2 | 18 |
2016 July | 16 | 3 | 19 |
2016 June | 13 | 4 | 17 |
2016 May | 16 | 1 | 17 |
2016 April | 21 | 1 | 22 |
2016 March | 34 | 13 | 47 |
2016 February | 28 | 23 | 51 |
2016 January | 27 | 26 | 53 |
2015 December | 19 | 18 | 37 |
2015 November | 20 | 18 | 38 |
2015 October | 27 | 27 | 54 |
2015 September | 18 | 14 | 32 |