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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><elsevierMultimedia ident="tb0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Abstract</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Background&#58;</span> Atrial fibrillation &#40;AF&#41; often complicates myocardial infarction &#40;MI&#41;&#46; While AF adversely impacts survival in MI patients&#44; the impact of AF on health care utilization has not been studied&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Methods&#58;</span> The risk of hospitalizations&#44; emergency department &#40;ED&#41; visits&#44; and outpatient visits associated with prior&#44; new&#8208;onset &#40;&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30 days post&#8208;MI&#41;&#44; and late&#8208;onset &#40;&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30 days post&#8208;MI&#41; AF was assessed among incident MI patients from the Olmsted County&#44; Minnesota&#44; community&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Results&#58;</span> Of 1&#44;502 MI patients&#44; 237 had prior AF&#44; 163 developed new&#8208;onset AF&#44; 113 developed late&#8208;onset AF&#44; and 989 had no AF&#44; those with prior and new&#8208;onset AF exhibited a 1&#46;6&#8208;fold and 1&#46;3&#8208;fold increased risk of hospitalization&#44; respectively&#46; In contrast&#44; late&#8208;onset FA carried a 2&#46;2&#8208;fold increased risk of hospitalization&#46; The hazard ratios were 1&#46;4&#44; 1&#46;2 and 1&#46;8 for ED visits and 1&#46;4&#44; 1&#46;2 and 1&#46;7 for outpatient visits for prior&#44; new&#8208;onset&#44; and late&#8208;onset AF&#46; Additional adjustment for time&#8208;dependent recurrent MI and heart failure attenuated the results slightly for hospitalizations and ED visits&#44; however&#44; patients with late&#8208;onset AF still exhibited a &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50&#37; increased risk for both utilization measures&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conclusions&#58;</span> In MI patients&#44; the risk of hospitalizations&#44; ED visits&#44; and outpatient visits differed by the timing of AF onset&#44; with the greatest risk conferred by late&#8208;onset AF&#46; Atrial fibrillation imparts an adverse prognosis after MI&#44; underscoring the importance of its management in MI patients&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Coment&#225;rio</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A fibrilha&#231;&#227;o auricular &#40;FA&#41; &#233; a arritmia card&#237;aca mais frequente e em que a preval&#234;ncia tem aumentado em paralelo com o envelhecimento da popula&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Na popula&#231;&#227;o com mais de 75 anos de idade 10&#8208;15&#37; apresentam FA persistente ou permanente&#46; Est&#225; bem estabelecida a associa&#231;&#227;o entre FA e aumento do risco de morte na popula&#231;&#227;o em geral<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Tamb&#233;m se sabe que a FA est&#225; associada com maior mortalidade<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> em situa&#231;&#245;es espec&#237;ficas como a insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca &#40;IC&#41; &#8211; para a qual pode ser a causa ou apenas contribuir&#44; a insufici&#234;ncia renal &#40;IR&#41;&#44; o acidente vascular cerebral &#40;AVC&#41; &#8211;&#44; em que a FA &#233; respons&#225;vel por 25&#37; dos AVC isqu&#233;micos&#44; a diabetes <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">mellitus</span> &#40;DM&#41;&#44;a hipertens&#227;o arterial &#40;HTA&#41; sist&#233;mica e como ap&#243;s cirurgia card&#237;aca&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#201; de salientar que este &#171;ESTUDO&#187; est&#225; relacionado com uma informa&#231;&#227;o de quase 40 anos&#44; em rela&#231;&#227;o com as comorbilidades de registos m&#233;dicos antes do enfarte agudo do mioc&#225;rdio &#40;EAM&#41;&#44; e que &#233; representativo do mundo real de doentes com EAM e menos afetado por bias de sele&#231;&#227;o de doentes&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No &#171;ESTUDO&#187; foram exclu&#237;dos 103 doentes com EAM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> e que morreram no hospital&#46; Este n&#250;mero ainda &#233; significativo e destes doentes n&#227;o dispomos de nenhuns dados referentes a que doentes tinham FA pr&#233;via&#44; dados referentes &#224; causa da morte e a que doentes tiveram AVC&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#201; de notar que o grupo sem FA era o mais jovem &#8211; 989 doentes 63&#44;5 &#40;14&#44;8&#41;&#44; o grupo com menos HTA&#44; menor Killip&#44; melhor fun&#231;&#227;o renal&#44; maior n&#250;mero de casos de EAM com supra de ST &#40;em rela&#231;&#227;o aos dos grupos com FA pr&#233;via e com FA tardia&#41;&#44; maior n&#250;mero de casos de reperfus&#227;o&#47;revasculariza&#231;&#227;o&#44; maior n&#250;mero de doentes com estatinas&#44; aspirina e &#946;&#8208;bloqueantes&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#201; de referir que os EAM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> com FA tardia &#40;n&#8208;113&#41; tiveram reperfus&#227;o&#47;revasculariza&#231;&#227;o em 56 &#40;49&#44;6&#41; e portanto em menor n&#250;mero que os EAM sem FA&#44; mas em maior n&#250;mero que os outros dois grupos &#8211; com FA pr&#233;via 78 &#40;32&#44;9&#41; e com FA precoce 73 &#40;44&#44;8&#41;&#46; O grupo de doentes com EAM e FA tardia foi o grupo mais medicado com IECA&#47;ARAII&#44; o que pode traduzir maior dilata&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo e pior fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Temos que ter presente que n&#227;o dispomos de dados ecocardiogr&#225;ficos com a fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica&#44; com os casos de insufici&#234;ncia mitral ou tric&#250;spide nem com as dimens&#245;es das cavidades card&#237;acas&#46; N&#227;o temos dados sobre os doentes que fizeram PTCA prim&#225;ria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#44; tromb&#243;lise ou cirurgia card&#237;aca&#46; N&#227;o dispomos dos elementos sobre os doentes com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">stent</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#44; dos doentes com dupla antiagrega&#231;&#227;o plaquet&#225;ria e com anticoagula&#231;&#227;o oral&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sabendo&#8208;se que a frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca &#40;FC&#41; elevada est&#225; relacionada com maior mortalidade&#44; n&#227;o dispomos de dados sobre a FC&#46; O AVC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> ou acidente isqu&#233;mico transit&#243;rio &#40;AIT&#41; s&#227;o fatores de alto risco na FA&#44; a fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o menor que 35&#37; &#233; um fator de risco moderado na FA e estes dados n&#227;o foram contabilizados&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Assim&#44; consideramos que existem m&#250;ltiplas vari&#225;veis que podem condicionar os resultados do &#171;ESTUDO&#187; e n&#227;o podemos garantir que FA tardia n&#227;o seja sobretudo um marcador de progn&#243;stico&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O autor declara n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Comment on “Atrial fibrillation in myocardial infarction patients: Impact on health care utilization”
Comentário a «Fibrilhação auricular em doentes com enfarte agudo do miocárdio – impacto na utilização de cuidados de saúde»
António Jorge Jara
Membro do Corpo Redatorial da Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><elsevierMultimedia ident="tb0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Abstract</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Background&#58;</span> Atrial fibrillation &#40;AF&#41; often complicates myocardial infarction &#40;MI&#41;&#46; While AF adversely impacts survival in MI patients&#44; the impact of AF on health care utilization has not been studied&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Methods&#58;</span> The risk of hospitalizations&#44; emergency department &#40;ED&#41; visits&#44; and outpatient visits associated with prior&#44; new&#8208;onset &#40;&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30 days post&#8208;MI&#41;&#44; and late&#8208;onset &#40;&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30 days post&#8208;MI&#41; AF was assessed among incident MI patients from the Olmsted County&#44; Minnesota&#44; community&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Results&#58;</span> Of 1&#44;502 MI patients&#44; 237 had prior AF&#44; 163 developed new&#8208;onset AF&#44; 113 developed late&#8208;onset AF&#44; and 989 had no AF&#44; those with prior and new&#8208;onset AF exhibited a 1&#46;6&#8208;fold and 1&#46;3&#8208;fold increased risk of hospitalization&#44; respectively&#46; In contrast&#44; late&#8208;onset FA carried a 2&#46;2&#8208;fold increased risk of hospitalization&#46; The hazard ratios were 1&#46;4&#44; 1&#46;2 and 1&#46;8 for ED visits and 1&#46;4&#44; 1&#46;2 and 1&#46;7 for outpatient visits for prior&#44; new&#8208;onset&#44; and late&#8208;onset AF&#46; Additional adjustment for time&#8208;dependent recurrent MI and heart failure attenuated the results slightly for hospitalizations and ED visits&#44; however&#44; patients with late&#8208;onset AF still exhibited a &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50&#37; increased risk for both utilization measures&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conclusions&#58;</span> In MI patients&#44; the risk of hospitalizations&#44; ED visits&#44; and outpatient visits differed by the timing of AF onset&#44; with the greatest risk conferred by late&#8208;onset AF&#46; Atrial fibrillation imparts an adverse prognosis after MI&#44; underscoring the importance of its management in MI patients&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Coment&#225;rio</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A fibrilha&#231;&#227;o auricular &#40;FA&#41; &#233; a arritmia card&#237;aca mais frequente e em que a preval&#234;ncia tem aumentado em paralelo com o envelhecimento da popula&#231;&#227;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Na popula&#231;&#227;o com mais de 75 anos de idade 10&#8208;15&#37; apresentam FA persistente ou permanente&#46; Est&#225; bem estabelecida a associa&#231;&#227;o entre FA e aumento do risco de morte na popula&#231;&#227;o em geral<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Tamb&#233;m se sabe que a FA est&#225; associada com maior mortalidade<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> em situa&#231;&#245;es espec&#237;ficas como a insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca &#40;IC&#41; &#8211; para a qual pode ser a causa ou apenas contribuir&#44; a insufici&#234;ncia renal &#40;IR&#41;&#44; o acidente vascular cerebral &#40;AVC&#41; &#8211;&#44; em que a FA &#233; respons&#225;vel por 25&#37; dos AVC isqu&#233;micos&#44; a diabetes <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">mellitus</span> &#40;DM&#41;&#44;a hipertens&#227;o arterial &#40;HTA&#41; sist&#233;mica e como ap&#243;s cirurgia card&#237;aca&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#201; de salientar que este &#171;ESTUDO&#187; est&#225; relacionado com uma informa&#231;&#227;o de quase 40 anos&#44; em rela&#231;&#227;o com as comorbilidades de registos m&#233;dicos antes do enfarte agudo do mioc&#225;rdio &#40;EAM&#41;&#44; e que &#233; representativo do mundo real de doentes com EAM e menos afetado por bias de sele&#231;&#227;o de doentes&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No &#171;ESTUDO&#187; foram exclu&#237;dos 103 doentes com EAM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> e que morreram no hospital&#46; Este n&#250;mero ainda &#233; significativo e destes doentes n&#227;o dispomos de nenhuns dados referentes a que doentes tinham FA pr&#233;via&#44; dados referentes &#224; causa da morte e a que doentes tiveram AVC&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#201; de notar que o grupo sem FA era o mais jovem &#8211; 989 doentes 63&#44;5 &#40;14&#44;8&#41;&#44; o grupo com menos HTA&#44; menor Killip&#44; melhor fun&#231;&#227;o renal&#44; maior n&#250;mero de casos de EAM com supra de ST &#40;em rela&#231;&#227;o aos dos grupos com FA pr&#233;via e com FA tardia&#41;&#44; maior n&#250;mero de casos de reperfus&#227;o&#47;revasculariza&#231;&#227;o&#44; maior n&#250;mero de doentes com estatinas&#44; aspirina e &#946;&#8208;bloqueantes&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#201; de referir que os EAM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> com FA tardia &#40;n&#8208;113&#41; tiveram reperfus&#227;o&#47;revasculariza&#231;&#227;o em 56 &#40;49&#44;6&#41; e portanto em menor n&#250;mero que os EAM sem FA&#44; mas em maior n&#250;mero que os outros dois grupos &#8211; com FA pr&#233;via 78 &#40;32&#44;9&#41; e com FA precoce 73 &#40;44&#44;8&#41;&#46; O grupo de doentes com EAM e FA tardia foi o grupo mais medicado com IECA&#47;ARAII&#44; o que pode traduzir maior dilata&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo e pior fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Temos que ter presente que n&#227;o dispomos de dados ecocardiogr&#225;ficos com a fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica&#44; com os casos de insufici&#234;ncia mitral ou tric&#250;spide nem com as dimens&#245;es das cavidades card&#237;acas&#46; N&#227;o temos dados sobre os doentes que fizeram PTCA prim&#225;ria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#44; tromb&#243;lise ou cirurgia card&#237;aca&#46; N&#227;o dispomos dos elementos sobre os doentes com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">stent</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#44; dos doentes com dupla antiagrega&#231;&#227;o plaquet&#225;ria e com anticoagula&#231;&#227;o oral&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sabendo&#8208;se que a frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca &#40;FC&#41; elevada est&#225; relacionada com maior mortalidade&#44; n&#227;o dispomos de dados sobre a FC&#46; O AVC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> ou acidente isqu&#233;mico transit&#243;rio &#40;AIT&#41; s&#227;o fatores de alto risco na FA&#44; a fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o menor que 35&#37; &#233; um fator de risco moderado na FA e estes dados n&#227;o foram contabilizados&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Assim&#44; consideramos que existem m&#250;ltiplas vari&#225;veis que podem condicionar os resultados do &#171;ESTUDO&#187; e n&#227;o podemos garantir que FA tardia n&#227;o seja sobretudo um marcador de progn&#243;stico&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O autor declara n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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