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    "titulo" => "Coment&#225;rio a &#171;O mioc&#225;rdio hibernante&#58; conceitos atuais&#44; dilemas diagn&#243;sticos e desafios cl&#237;nicos na era p&#243;s-STICH&#187;"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><elsevierMultimedia ident="tb0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Abstract</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A very large body of evidence&#8212;predominantly retrospective&#8212;suggests that revascularization is superior to optimal medical therapy in patients with a significant amount of &#8216;hibernating&#8217; myocardium&#46; Contemporary cardiological practice has embraced this standard of practice&#44; as many centres worldwide place great emphasis upon the results of viability testing by non-invasive imaging techniques in determining the need for coronary revascularization&#46; This practice has been challenged by the recent results of the Surgical Treatment for Ischaemic Heart Failure &#40;STICH&#41; trial&#44; which suggested both lack of mortality benefit from revascularization and also from viability testing&#46; In this review article&#44; we have summarized the pathophysiology of hibernating myocardium&#44; briefly discussed each of the non-invasive imaging modalities used in contemporary practice for detecting myocardial hibernation before critically appraising the prospective studies in this field&#44; most importantly the main STICH trial and viability sub-study&#46; STICH was clearly a complex trial but has not ended the question over the benefit of revascularization in ischaemic heart failure&#46; Finally&#44; we have suggested a possible methodology for an &#8216;ideal trial&#8217; designed to evaluate the role of revascularization in such patients and also explored how viability testing should be used in clinical practice in the post-STICH era&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Coment&#225;rio</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Com o envelhecimento populacional&#44; a admiss&#227;o de doentes com insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca com disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular esquerda tem vindo a aumentar progressivamente&#46; A principal etiologia &#233; a cardiopatia isqu&#233;mica e a sua doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria concomitante&#46; Quando doentes s&#227;o submetidos a coronariografia e t&#234;m doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria suscet&#237;vel de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o coloca-se a d&#250;vida sobre o benef&#237;cio da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o sobre a terap&#234;utica m&#233;dica otimizada &#40;OTM&#41;&#46; Ao longo dos anos&#44; estudos observacionais sugeriam que os doentes com viabilidade mioc&#225;rdica em testes n&#227;o invasivos&#44; tinham uma maior sobrevida ap&#243;s revasculariza&#231;&#227;o&#44; enquanto a aus&#234;ncia de viabilidade n&#227;o demostrava benef&#237;cio da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o sobre a OTM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Considerando que o papel da cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria &#40;CABG&#41; no tratamento de doentes com doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria e insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca ainda n&#227;o estava claramente estabelecido&#44; foi realizado o estudo prospetivo STICH - <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">the Surgical Treatment for Ischaemic Heart Failure</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#44; no qual&#44; entre 2002-2007&#44; 1212 doentes com fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o &#8804; a 35&#37; e doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria suscet&#237;vel de CABG&#44; foram aleatorizados para um bra&#231;o de OTM &#40;602 doentes&#41; e outro de OTM &#43; CABG &#40;610 doentes&#41;&#46; Num seguimento a cinco anos&#44; o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">endpoint</span> prim&#225;rio foi morte de qualquer causa e o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">endpoint</span> secund&#225;rio foi morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o de causas cardiovasculares&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;as significativas no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">endpoint</span> prim&#225;rio&#44; mas houve benef&#237;cio da CABG no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">endpoint</span> secund&#225;rio&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Um subestudo do STICH<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> envolvendo 601 doentes que foram submetidos a testes de viabilidade mioc&#225;rdica &#40;cintigrafia ou eco de sobrecarga&#41; antes da aleatoriza&#231;&#227;o&#44; demonstrou que os doentes com viabilidade mioc&#225;rdica tinham uma maior sobrevida independentemente da estrat&#233;gia terap&#234;utica&#44; concluindo que a avalia&#231;&#227;o da viabilidade mioc&#225;rdica n&#227;o permite identificar os doentes que t&#234;m benef&#237;cio de sobreviv&#234;ncia em realizar CABG sobre OTM&#46; Assim&#44; n&#227;o devemos excluir aqueles doentes em que n&#227;o h&#225; viabilidade nos testes n&#227;o invasivos de um eventual benef&#237;cio da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o por CABG&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A avalia&#231;&#227;o da viabilidade mioc&#225;rdica sofreu um duro rev&#233;s ap&#243;s a publica&#231;&#227;o do estudo STICH&#44; levando &#224; necessidade de uma melhor interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos m&#233;todos existentes e &#224; procura de novos m&#233;todos de sele&#231;&#227;o dos doentes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O artigo recomendado do m&#234;s<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#44; clarifica as defini&#231;&#245;es de mioc&#225;rdio atordoado&#44; hibernante e viabilidade&#44; faz uma revis&#227;o dos mecanismos fisiopatol&#243;gicos do mioc&#225;rdio hibernante&#44; dos m&#233;todos n&#227;o invasivos para a sua avalia&#231;&#227;o e discute as v&#225;rias defini&#231;&#245;es poss&#237;veis de resposta &#224; terap&#234;utica na cardiomiopatia isqu&#233;mica do ponto de vista imagiol&#243;gico e cl&#237;nico&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Faz uma avalia&#231;&#227;o da evid&#234;ncia cient&#237;fica da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o na cardiomiopatia isqu&#233;mica&#44; fazendo uma abordagem do estudo STICH&#44; em particular uma an&#225;lise cr&#237;tica do subestudo de viabilidade&#44; salientando as suas limita&#231;&#245;es metodol&#243;gicas&#44; e prop&#245;e um protocolo para um estudo prospetivo&#44; destinado a esclarecer se a revasculariza&#231;&#227;o de pacientes com mioc&#225;rdio hibernante &#233; ben&#233;fica em compara&#231;&#227;o com OMT isolada&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Prop&#245;e um algoritmo que sugere como integrar os testes de viabilidade e isquemia na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica contempor&#226;nea&#44; de acordo com as manifesta&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas &#40;dispneia ou angina&#41; e as comorbilidades e riscos de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o&#44; tentando definir quais os doentes que dever&#227;o ser submetidos a revasculariza&#231;&#227;o ap&#243;s OMT&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Assim&#44; os testes de viabilidade &#224; luz dos conhecimentos atuais continuam a ter um papel na avalia&#231;&#227;o dos doentes com cardiomiopatia isqu&#233;mica&#46; Como nenhum dos testes mostrou superioridade significativa sobre os restantes para o diagn&#243;stico de mioc&#225;rdio hibernante&#44; ser&#227;o a experi&#234;ncia de cada local&#44; a rela&#231;&#227;o custo-efetividade e a disponibilidade dos testes que dever&#227;o ditar a t&#233;cnica a utilizar&#44; at&#233; que os resultados de estudos similares ao STICH provoquem uma mudan&#231;a de paradigma na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O autor declara n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Comentário a «O miocárdio hibernante: conceitos atuais, dilemas diagnósticos e desafios clínicos na era pós-STICH»
Comment on “The hibernating myocardium: current concepts, diagnostic dilemmas, and clinical challenges in the post-STICH era”
Jorge Mimoso
Membro do Corpo Redatorial da Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><elsevierMultimedia ident="tb0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Abstract</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A very large body of evidence&#8212;predominantly retrospective&#8212;suggests that revascularization is superior to optimal medical therapy in patients with a significant amount of &#8216;hibernating&#8217; myocardium&#46; Contemporary cardiological practice has embraced this standard of practice&#44; as many centres worldwide place great emphasis upon the results of viability testing by non-invasive imaging techniques in determining the need for coronary revascularization&#46; This practice has been challenged by the recent results of the Surgical Treatment for Ischaemic Heart Failure &#40;STICH&#41; trial&#44; which suggested both lack of mortality benefit from revascularization and also from viability testing&#46; In this review article&#44; we have summarized the pathophysiology of hibernating myocardium&#44; briefly discussed each of the non-invasive imaging modalities used in contemporary practice for detecting myocardial hibernation before critically appraising the prospective studies in this field&#44; most importantly the main STICH trial and viability sub-study&#46; STICH was clearly a complex trial but has not ended the question over the benefit of revascularization in ischaemic heart failure&#46; Finally&#44; we have suggested a possible methodology for an &#8216;ideal trial&#8217; designed to evaluate the role of revascularization in such patients and also explored how viability testing should be used in clinical practice in the post-STICH era&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Coment&#225;rio</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Com o envelhecimento populacional&#44; a admiss&#227;o de doentes com insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca com disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular esquerda tem vindo a aumentar progressivamente&#46; A principal etiologia &#233; a cardiopatia isqu&#233;mica e a sua doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria concomitante&#46; Quando doentes s&#227;o submetidos a coronariografia e t&#234;m doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria suscet&#237;vel de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o coloca-se a d&#250;vida sobre o benef&#237;cio da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o sobre a terap&#234;utica m&#233;dica otimizada &#40;OTM&#41;&#46; Ao longo dos anos&#44; estudos observacionais sugeriam que os doentes com viabilidade mioc&#225;rdica em testes n&#227;o invasivos&#44; tinham uma maior sobrevida ap&#243;s revasculariza&#231;&#227;o&#44; enquanto a aus&#234;ncia de viabilidade n&#227;o demostrava benef&#237;cio da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o sobre a OTM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Considerando que o papel da cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria &#40;CABG&#41; no tratamento de doentes com doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria e insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca ainda n&#227;o estava claramente estabelecido&#44; foi realizado o estudo prospetivo STICH - <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">the Surgical Treatment for Ischaemic Heart Failure</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#44; no qual&#44; entre 2002-2007&#44; 1212 doentes com fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o &#8804; a 35&#37; e doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria suscet&#237;vel de CABG&#44; foram aleatorizados para um bra&#231;o de OTM &#40;602 doentes&#41; e outro de OTM &#43; CABG &#40;610 doentes&#41;&#46; Num seguimento a cinco anos&#44; o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">endpoint</span> prim&#225;rio foi morte de qualquer causa e o <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">endpoint</span> secund&#225;rio foi morte ou hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o de causas cardiovasculares&#46; N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;as significativas no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">endpoint</span> prim&#225;rio&#44; mas houve benef&#237;cio da CABG no <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">endpoint</span> secund&#225;rio&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Um subestudo do STICH<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> envolvendo 601 doentes que foram submetidos a testes de viabilidade mioc&#225;rdica &#40;cintigrafia ou eco de sobrecarga&#41; antes da aleatoriza&#231;&#227;o&#44; demonstrou que os doentes com viabilidade mioc&#225;rdica tinham uma maior sobrevida independentemente da estrat&#233;gia terap&#234;utica&#44; concluindo que a avalia&#231;&#227;o da viabilidade mioc&#225;rdica n&#227;o permite identificar os doentes que t&#234;m benef&#237;cio de sobreviv&#234;ncia em realizar CABG sobre OTM&#46; Assim&#44; n&#227;o devemos excluir aqueles doentes em que n&#227;o h&#225; viabilidade nos testes n&#227;o invasivos de um eventual benef&#237;cio da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o por CABG&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A avalia&#231;&#227;o da viabilidade mioc&#225;rdica sofreu um duro rev&#233;s ap&#243;s a publica&#231;&#227;o do estudo STICH&#44; levando &#224; necessidade de uma melhor interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos m&#233;todos existentes e &#224; procura de novos m&#233;todos de sele&#231;&#227;o dos doentes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O artigo recomendado do m&#234;s<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#44; clarifica as defini&#231;&#245;es de mioc&#225;rdio atordoado&#44; hibernante e viabilidade&#44; faz uma revis&#227;o dos mecanismos fisiopatol&#243;gicos do mioc&#225;rdio hibernante&#44; dos m&#233;todos n&#227;o invasivos para a sua avalia&#231;&#227;o e discute as v&#225;rias defini&#231;&#245;es poss&#237;veis de resposta &#224; terap&#234;utica na cardiomiopatia isqu&#233;mica do ponto de vista imagiol&#243;gico e cl&#237;nico&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Faz uma avalia&#231;&#227;o da evid&#234;ncia cient&#237;fica da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o na cardiomiopatia isqu&#233;mica&#44; fazendo uma abordagem do estudo STICH&#44; em particular uma an&#225;lise cr&#237;tica do subestudo de viabilidade&#44; salientando as suas limita&#231;&#245;es metodol&#243;gicas&#44; e prop&#245;e um protocolo para um estudo prospetivo&#44; destinado a esclarecer se a revasculariza&#231;&#227;o de pacientes com mioc&#225;rdio hibernante &#233; ben&#233;fica em compara&#231;&#227;o com OMT isolada&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Prop&#245;e um algoritmo que sugere como integrar os testes de viabilidade e isquemia na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica contempor&#226;nea&#44; de acordo com as manifesta&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas &#40;dispneia ou angina&#41; e as comorbilidades e riscos de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o&#44; tentando definir quais os doentes que dever&#227;o ser submetidos a revasculariza&#231;&#227;o ap&#243;s OMT&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Assim&#44; os testes de viabilidade &#224; luz dos conhecimentos atuais continuam a ter um papel na avalia&#231;&#227;o dos doentes com cardiomiopatia isqu&#233;mica&#46; Como nenhum dos testes mostrou superioridade significativa sobre os restantes para o diagn&#243;stico de mioc&#225;rdio hibernante&#44; ser&#227;o a experi&#234;ncia de cada local&#44; a rela&#231;&#227;o custo-efetividade e a disponibilidade dos testes que dever&#227;o ditar a t&#233;cnica a utilizar&#44; at&#233; que os resultados de estudos similares ao STICH provoquem uma mudan&#231;a de paradigma na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">O autor declara n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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ISSN: 21742049
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Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English edition)
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